Acute hepatitis C is an acute infectious disease caused by hepatitis C virus.Accurate diagnosis and proper treatment are very im-portant for preventing the progression of this disease.Recent research advances in acute hepatitis C,including the epidemiological and clini-cal features,diagnosis,and treatment of acute hepatitis C,are reviewed,in order to provide a basis for better understanding of acute hepati-tis C and proper diagnosis and treatment of this disease among clinicians.

Objective To investigate the effect of aminoguanidine and tienam on bacterial translocation in mice with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and the preventive and curative effect on pancreatic infection. Methods 50 SD mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including group A: normal control (n=10), group B: ANP group (n=10), group C: aminoguanidine treatment group (n=10), group D: tienam treatment group (n=10), and group E: aminoguanidine plus tienam treatment group (n=10). ANP was induced by intrapancreatic injection of 5% sodium tanrocholate (2.5 ml/kg). Aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitioneally 30 minutes after ANP induction, tienam (60 mg/kg) was injected intraperitioneally 6 hours after ANP induction. The mice were killed at 48 hours, and serum amylase, serum D- lactate, pancreatic MPO were measured. Pathological alterations in the pancreas were examed. The pancreas, liver, blood, mesenteric lymph node and ascites were collected for microbiological study. Results In group C and E, the levels of serum amylase were 91173.30±199.73) U/L and (1075.00±200.40) U/L; the serum D-lactate were (7.165±1.2533) μg/ml and (6.980±1.060)μg./ml; the pancreatic MPO were (0.8035±0.0711) U/g wet film and (0.7765±0.0843 ) U/g wet film; the average bacterial positive rates were 20% and 16%. In group B, the serum amylase was (2234.60±692.06 )U/L;the serum D-lactate was (12.408±1.779)μg,/ml, the pancreatic MPO was (1.5942±0.1965) U/g wet film; the average bacterial positive rate were 60%. The differences between group C, E and group B were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05). In group D, the pancreatic MPO was (0.8002±0.0603 ) U/g wet film and the the average bacterial positive rate was 18%, and they were statistically different when compared with those of group B (P±0.05). While in group D, the serum amylase and D-lactate was not statistically different when compared with those of group B (P＞0.05). There were lamellar necrosis in the parenchyma, hyperaemia and leukocytic infiltrate in the pancreatic mesenchyma in the ANP group, while no leukocytic infiltrating in group C, D, E was found. Conclusions The aminoguanidine and tienam might decrease gut bacterial translocation and prevent pancreatic infection in ANP.

The characteristics of patients with spinal cord injury are shown as: disorder of the lung function and gas exchange, influence of body position, maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure decreased, cough, airway obstruction, ect. The management of lung function currently include exercise, pacing therapy and medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Eotaxin-3 in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps. METHOD: The ethmoid inflammation mucosa of 15 cases diagnosed as chronic rhinosinusitis (sinusitis group), the nasal polyps in the middle meatus of 25 cases diagnosed as nasal polyps (nasal polyp group) and the ethmoid or uncinate process mucosa of 7 cases diagnosed as sinonasal non-inflamnatory diseases (control group), were collected as the research object. Eotaxin-3 expression was detected in the tissues by immunohistochemical SABC assay and the correlation between Eotaxin-3 and blood eosinophil counts was analyzed. RESULT: Eotaxin-3 were detected both in sinusitis group and nasal polyp group, and the expression level in sinusitis group and nasal polyp group were higher than that in control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The Eotaxin-3 expression in nasal polyps group was higher than that in sinusitis group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The expression of Eotaxin-3 in nasal polyps group and sinusitis group were both significantly positively correlated with the eosinophil counts in the blood (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Eotaxin-3 may be involved,in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps, and further research will help us to understand the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps.
Chemokine CCL26 ; Chemokines, CC ; metabolism ; Chronic Disease ; Eosinophils ; Ethmoid Sinus ; pathology ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rhinitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To investigate the stromal cell derived factor 1 α (SDF-1 α) and chemokine CXC motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis using acupoint electroacupuncture (EA) on the brains of rats after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.Methods Ninety-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a control group (8 rats),a model group (50 rats),and an EA group (40 rats).The animal model of focal brain ischemia-reperfusion was made with all the rats in the model group and EA group by using the filament occlusion technique.The model and EA groups were subdivided into 5 subgroups according to the sampling time points on the 1 st,3rd,7th,14th or 21st day after ischemia-reperfusion.The EA was administered bilaterally to the rat analog of the Hegu point (LI 4) in the EA group.The model and control groups received no special treatment.Immunohistochemical methods were employed to detect CXCR4-positive cells in the model and EA groups.The expressions of SDF-1α and CXCR4 mRNA were detected with RT-PCR methods in the 3rd,7th and 14th day subgroups.Results With the prolongation of reperfusion,SDF-1α mRNA expression in the model group had a single peak-like increase in the ischemic area of the cerebral cortex.It had increased significantly by the 3rd day,reached its peak value at the 7th day and then decreased gradually.SDF-1α mRNA expression in the EA group behaved similarly,but SDF-1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the EA group than in the other two.In the model and EA groups CXCR4 mRNA relative values were higher at the 7th and 14th day than at day 3,and the expression at day 14 was significantly greater than at day 7.CXCR4 mRNA values in the EA group were significantly higher than in the model group at each time point.The expression of CXCR4-positive cells began to increase on the 1 st day in the model group,reached its peak value at the 7th day,then decreased by day 14,but it was still strongly expressed highly at the 21st day.Compared with the model group,the expression in the EA group showed the same pattern,but the number of CXCR4-positive cells in EA group was significantly higher.Conclusion Point EA can activate the SDF-1α and CXCR4 axis to promote angiogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion,at least in rats.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of ischemic pre-conditioning(IPC) on the spinal cord injury associated with abdominal aortic cross-clamping. Methods Forty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into IPC group and ischemic group. The concentrations of endothelin-1(ET-1), prostacyclin(PGI_2) and thromboxane A_2(TXA_2) in spinal cord were measured at six different time intervals, before ischemic, 40 minutes after ischemic, 2 hours,8 hours,24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion. Neurologic function and pathological changes were documented. Results In IPC group, ET-1 level, TXB_2 level and TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_ 1? ratio were significantly reduced, while 6-keto-PGF1? level was significantly increased compared with that of ischemic group (P

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of regulatory and non-coding RNA molecules which are longer than 200 nucleotides. They are involved in a variety of biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis mainly by regulation of gene expression at various levels, including epigenetics, transcription and post-transcription. The evidence has demonstrated that many lncRNAs are dysregulated and closely related to tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis in gastric cancer. Based on an introduction to lncRNAs and the domestic and foreign research status, this review summarizes the function, regulatory mechanisms, potential diagnostic and therapeutic values of lncRNAs in gastric cancer.

The myocardial protection technique of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting ( OPCABG ) has been applied to the coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with heart valve surgery.This study is aimed at determining its clinical effect .A retrospective analysis design was adopted .39 patients were recruited .All patients ’ surgeries went smoothly but one ,whose blood pressure was in poor control after surgery and then returned to normal after as -sisted with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP).Others had stable vital signs and circulation .Finally,all pa-tients discharged safely .Significant improvement can be seen during 3 months’ follow-up.Applying OPCABG to CABG with heart valve surgery has been proved effective in clinic .

AIM: To establish a HPLC method for determining phenytoin sodium and schisandrin in Compound Valpromide Capsule(Valpromide,phenytoin sodium,Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, VB_6,etc). METHODS: A Hypersil BDS ODS column was used.The mobile phase was MeOH-0.02 mol/L potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate(60∶40).The detection wavelength was at 254 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of phenytoin sodium was within 4.50 ?g-72.0 ?g(r=1.000 0),The linear range of schisandrin was within 0.024 4 ?g- 0.391 ?g(r=0.999 9).The average recoveries(n=9) were 100.21% and 102.32%,respectively.RSD were 1.3% and 0.5%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,reliable,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and roles of IL-9 and its receptor (IL-9R) mRNA in the nasal mucosa of ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) mice. METHODS Sixteen Balb/c mice were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 8 mice in each group. Mice were used for establishing the animal model of AR with ovalbumin sensitization as AR group, at the same time, the physiological saline as the control group. In each group, 4 mice were randomly taken from each group, and the pathological examination showed that the model was successful. The nasal mucosa was taken from the remaining 4 mice in each group and then to detect IL-9 and IL-9R mRNA in nasal mucosa of the two groups by using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS The expression of IL-9 and IL-9R mRNA could be detected in both the control and AR groups. The expression levels of IL-9 and IL-9R mRNA in the nasal mucosa of the AR group were both higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The expression level of IL-9 mRNA was positively correlated with the expression of IL-9R mRNA in the nasal mucosa of mice (r =0.857, P<0.05). CONCLUSION IL-9 and its receptor IL-9R are involved in the development of AR, and play an important role in the development of allergic rhinitis. It provides a new perspective for the further understanding of the pathogenesis of AR and provides a new clue for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.