HER2 and P-gp are expressed in most of the human osteosarcoma tissue. The multidrug resistance of osteosarcoma is mediated by P-gp. The insusceptibility of human osteosarcoma to chemotherapy and the poor prognosis is correlated with the expression of P-gp. The expression of the carcinogene HER2 is a prognostic risk factor of the malignancy and metastasis of osteosarcoma. The review will narrate the expression of the HER2 and P-gp in osteosarcoma and its prognostic significance.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important public health issue around the world.Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have become an important method to reduce HCV infection.DAAs can improve the clinical outcome of antiviral therapy,shorten the course of treatment,and reduce complications and have a wide range of application;therefore,they have great advantages over conventional therapies.Accurate clinical diagnosis has increasing importance in the era of DAAs and guarantees the whole management process of chronic hepatitis C patients from the aspects of disease diagnosis,therapeutic regimens,outcome evaluation,and long-term prognosis monitoring.

Objective To investigate the difference of serum prealbumin in hospitalized children and its value in Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics ( STAMP) in hospital-izedchildren.Methods 867hospitalizedchildrenwererecruitedfromMarch2013toApril2014in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University .All the patients were assessed using STAMP and collected venous blood sample for measuring serum prealbumin within 24 hours after admission.All the patients were surveyed for information regarding gender , age, dietary changes, etc.and their clini-cal data and laboratory results during hospitalization collected .The patients were divided into high mal-nutrition risk group ( HMRG) and low malnutrition risk group ( LMRG) according to STAMP scores upon admission. Results There were 463 children ( 53.4%) in HMRG, and 404 in LMRG (46.6%).Compared with the LMRG, the HMRG had significantly lower serum prealbumin [ (144.7 ± 50.6) mg/L vs.(173.6 ±71.3) mg/L, t=6.795, P=0.000].After controlling for age, course of disease, white blood cell count, albumin, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, C-reactive protein in covariance analysis, the HMRG still had significantly lower serum prealbumin than the LMRG [ estimate ( 95% CI): 139.8 ( 134.9 -144.8 ) mg/L vs.157.9 ( 151.9 -163.8 ) mg/L, F =20.433 , P=0.000 ) .Clinical cure rates in HMRG with low serum prealbumin , HMRG with normal serum pre-albumin, LMRG with low serum prealbumin, and LMRG with normal serum prealbumin were 62.9%(95/151), 80.5% (251/312), 77.1% (27/35), and 98.1% (362/369) (χ2 =112.80, P=0.000 ) , respectively; incidences of hospital acquired infection were 21.9% ( 33/151 ) , 8.7%( 27/312 ) , 22.9% ( 8/35 ) , and 1.9% ( 7/369 ) (χ2 =63.55 , P =0.000 ) , respectively. Conclusion High malnutrtion could be distinguished more accurately using the combination of the as-sessment of malnutrition screening tools and serum prealbumin measurement .

[Summary] As the gradual deepening understanding of gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD ) , more extraesophageal symptoms are noted .The concept and therapeutic strategy for GERD has also undergone a quiet revolution over recent years .The application of proton pump inhibitor ( PPI) has been a landmark of medical treatment for GERD , and the invention of laparoscopic fundoplication and endoscopic radiofrequency energy delivery to the lower esophageal sphincter are marking a new era of comprehensive therapy for GERD .Good short and long term outcomes have been obtained since endoscopic radiofrequency energy delivery to the lower esophageal sphincter was applied on typical symptoms of GERD .Furthermore, the technique has also been successfully used in treating extraesophageal symptoms induced by proximal reflux in China .With more simple and less invasive features compared with anti-reflux surgery, the radiofrequency procedure has broad application prospects .

Objective To investigate the influence factors of malnutrition risk in hospitalized children,in order to provide theoretical basis for early identifying hospitalized children at the risk of malnutrition and for guiding clinical nutritional intervention.Methods Hospitalized children in the Department of Pediatrics of our hospital from March 1st 2013 to April 30th 2014 were included and assessed using Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP).Questionnaire survey was conducted and clinical data was recorded.The children were divided into two groups according to STAMP scores upon admission,namely high malnutrition risk group and low malnutrition risk group.Comparing the differences of basic characteristics,laboratory examinations,and treatments between the two groups,associated factors of statistical significance were detected.With the associated factors identified in single factor analysis as independent variables and STAMP score-based group division as the dependent variable,multifactor unconditional Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the independent risk factors influencing STAMP scores of hospitalized children.Results A total of 1 406 hospitalized children were included,of whom 738 were at high malnutrition risk,and the other 668 were at low malnutrition risk.Single factor analysis indicated that fever before admission (Z =-3.809,P =0.000),severity of condition (x2 =14.068,P =0.000),age (x2 =5.813,P =0.017),and length of fever before admission (t =2.793,P =0.005) were associated with high malnutrition risk of hospitalized children.Non-conditional Logistic regression suggested that severity of condition (OR =1.557,95％ CI:1.164-2.083,P =0.003),length of fever before admission (OR =1.039,95％ CI:1.011-1.068,P =0.006),and granulocyte count (OR =1.032,95％ CI:1.004-1.061,P =0.027) were risk factors of high malnutrition risk in hospitalized children,and age (OR =0.942,95％ CI:0.909-0.977,P =0.001) was protective factor.Conclusion Age,severity of condition,length of fever before admission,and granulocyte count can provide helpful information for early identification of hospitalized children at high malnutrition risk.

Objective To observe the characteristic changes of tongue temperature on patients of different hepatopathy tongue of blood stasis and different blood stasis syndrome types (BSS). Methods The diagram of tongue temperature was gotten in Thermoviewer SAT-HY6000A. Results The temperature of whole tongue of normal group fell down in turn as follows:root of tongue, margin of the tongue, middle surface of tongue, apex of tongue. The temperature of tongue of all the hepatopathy group was sharp dropped compared with normal group (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum levels of CA15-3, CA-125 and CEA in postoperative breast cancer patients and clinicopathological parameters and pathogenetic condition turnover. Methods From January 2004 to December 2007, 219 breast disease cases with integrity clinical information, admitted to general surgery and oncology department of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, were collected. The serum concentrations of CA15-3, CA-125 and CEA were determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay(CLIA). Wilcoxon Kruskal Wallis analysis, crosstable analysis and spearman correlation analysis were used to investigate the association between the serum concentration and clinical parameters and pathogenetic condition turnover. Results The serum concentrations of CA15-3,CA-125 and CEA in metastatic breast cancer group were significantly higher than those in nonmetastatic group(P=0.000). The sensitivity of the 3 tumor markers in combination was 64.1% in metastatic breast cancer diagnosis. CA15-3 and CA-125 at the time of initial metastasis were correlated with estrogen receptor state(PCA15-3=0.039, PCA-125=0.049). The level of 3 tumor markers in multiorgan metastatic group were significantly higher than those in single organ metastastic patients(P=0.000). There were significant differences between the levels of CA15-3 and CEA in distant metastatic group and those in local metastatic group (PCA15-3=0.001,PCEA=0.022). Conclusion The high serum concentrations of CA15-3,CEA and CA-125 were useful in monitoring the metastasis. The high serum levels of CA15-3 and/or CA-125 may indicate that the patients will be more sensitive to endocrine therapy.

Objective To investigate the roles of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (pGSK3β) and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) in hypoxic preconditioning-induced neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury in rats.Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group,a cerebral ischemia group,and a hypoxia preconditioning group (n =20 in each group).A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced by the modified suture method.Before the preparation of MCAO model,the rats in the hypoxia preconditioning group were put into a hypobaric oxygen chamber at a simulated altitude of 5 000 m (pressure:0.53 × 105 kPa;partial pressure of oxygen:81 mmHg;1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),3 h a day for 5 days.At 24 h after MCAO modeling,the rats were subjected to neurobehavioral score (n =6) and cerebral infarction volume measurement (n =6).Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression levels of neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and pGSK3β (Ser9) (n=7).Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of pGSK3 β (Ser9) and pSTAT3 (Tyr705) in the ischemic cortex (n =7).Results The neurological deficit score (1.833 ±0.408 vs.2.667 ± 0.516;t =3.101,P=0.011) and cerebral infarction volume (18.137％ ± 0.801％ vs.24.125％ ± 0.694％;t =13.840,P＜ 0.001) in the hypoxia preconditioning group were significantly lower or smaller than those in the cerebral ischemia group.Immunohistochemical staining showed that the numbers of NeuN positive cells in the cerebral ischemia group and the hypoxia preconditioning group were significantly less than that in the sham operation group (48.000 ± 1.414/high power field [HPF],124.833 ± 3.061/HPF,and 213.500 ± 2.429/HPF;F =7 150.550,P ＜ 0.001),the hypoxia preconditioning group was significantly more than the ischemia group (P ＜0.001);the numbers of pSTAT3 positive cells in the cerebral ischemia group and the hypoxia preconditioning group were significantly higher than that in the sham operation group (57.667 ± 1.366/HPF,29.167 ± 1.941/HPF and 3.500 ± 1.049/HPF;F =1 962.649,P ＜0.001),and the hypoxia preconditioning group was significantly less than the ischemia group (P ＜0.001).Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of ischemic cortical pGSK3β and pSTAT3 in the cerebral ischemia group and the hypoxia preconditioning group were significantly higher than those of the sham operation group (pGSK3 β:2.336 ± 0.102,0.876 ± 0.196 and 0.440 ± 0.012;F =1 610.826,P ＜ 0.001;pSTAT3:8.368± 0.230,4.883± 0.123 and 0.595± 0.138;F=4018.051,P＜0.001),the hypoxia preconditioning group were significantly lower than the ischemia group (all P ＜0.001).Conclusions Hypoxia preconditioning has neuroprotective effect for ischemic brain injury in rats.It may be associated with the down-regulation of the expressions of pGSK3 and pSTAT3.

Observation of tongue fur is one of the methods of diagnosing diseases in TCM,and tongue fur scaling cytology has important significance for quantitative standard of inspection of the tongue.In this paper,normal and abnormal tongue fur scaling cytology are studied and application laws of tongue fur scaling cytology in TCM syndrome differentiation typing,i,e.,syndrome differentiation of Wei,Qi,Ying and blood,syndrome differentiation of Zang-and Fu-organs,syndrome differentiation of Qi, blood,body fluid,and syndrome differentiation of the eight principal syndromes are expounded.