BACKGROUND:Poultry mesenchymal stem cels are a particular subset of pluripotent adult stem cels derived from the mesoderm, which have great application prospects because of their strong proliferation and multi-directional differentiation potential. OBJECTIVE:To review the source, separation, purification, culture and differentiation of poultry mesenchymal stem cels, and to provide the theoretical foundation and experimental basis for the further research and application of poultry mesenchymal stem cels. METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched by the first author using key words of “mesenchymal stem cels, poultry, chicken, isolation, culture, differentiation” in English and in Chinese, respectively, to retrieve relevant articles published from 1990 to 2014. Literatures addressing induced poultry mesenchymal stem cels were included, and 42 articles were chosen for further analysis eventualy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Poultry mesenchymal stem cels have great application prospects in the aspects of establishingin vitro model of poultry cels, studying poultry disease pathogenesis, animal nutrition and meat quality control. Its origin source is wide and easy to obtain. Isolation, purification, culture and biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cels from different tissues are different. But, the study on poultry mesenchymal stem cels is stil in the exploration process, and there are many technical problems to be solved.

BACKGROUND:Atorvastatin has been shown to reduce bone loss and fracture, but its effects on implant osseointegration remain unknown.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats and the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS:Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into sham-surgery, ovariectomy, and atorvastatin (10 and 20 mg/kg per day) treatment groups, respectively. Al rats received ovariectomy and implant surgery except those in the sham-surgery group. Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebra, osseointegration ratio and pul-out strength of implants were measured after 12-week treatment.Levels of bone formation and resorption markers in osteoblasts treated with atorvastatin were determined by ELISA. Wnt pathway-relatedgene expression was detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone mineral density, osseointegration ratio and pul-out strength of implants were significantly increased in 20 mg/kg per day of atorvastatin treatment group compared with ovariectomy group (P< 0.05). Levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcinand osteoprotegerinwere significantly increased in osteoblasts treated with atorvastatinin vitro(P<0 .05), and the level of osteoclast differentiation factor RANKL was significantly inhibited (P< 0.05). Meanwhile, atorvastatin significantly promoted the mRNA expression of low-density lipoprotein associated protein 5and β-catenin, and inhibited the mRNA expression of dickkopfWnt signal pathway inhibitor 1and sclerostin. Our results suggest that atorvastatin promotes implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats by activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.

Objective To study the immediate effect of applying a portable functional electrical stimulation device (PUEFESD) to the upper extremities of stroke patients.Methods Twenty stroke survivors were selected.Pairs of electrodes of the PUEFESD were applied on the dorsal and palm sides of the affected forearm and thenar to stimulate the extensors and flexors as well as the thenar muscles sequentially according to a programmed protocol.Functional evaluation was conducted before and immediately after the stimulation.All participants were assessed with regard to their motor function and performance in the activities of daily living using an upper extremity function test (UEFT),the upper extremity motor function portion of the Fugal-Meyer assessment (FMA),and rating with the modified Barthel index (MBI).A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain in the affected upper extremity.Results The patients' average FMA score was 19.4 ± 7.1 before the stimulation and 30.4 ± 9.6 after.The corresponding UEFT scores were 3.6 ± 3.7 and 26.9 ± 5.9,and the average MBI scores were 53.8 ± 26.2 and 65.8 ± 17.7.All of these increases were statistically significant.The average VAS score,however,did not change significantly.Conclusions Functional electric stimulation can quickly improve upper extremity function and the ADL ability of stroke patients,but pain is not relieved significantly.

AIM: To investigate the expression of tissue factor(TF) induced by oxidized high density lipoprotein(oxHDL) in human umbilical vein cell line,ECV304,and the related mechanisms.METHODS: Four main groups were designed: the negative,the positive(ECV304 with histamine),the HDL group and the oxHDL group.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RQ-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the expression level of TF.The specific inhibitors of MAPKs,SP600125(c-jun terminal NH2 kinase,JNK),SB203580(p38 MAP kinase,p38 MAPK),PD98059(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK1/2) were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms.RESULTS: The TF expression in normal ECV304 cell line was not detected.Histamine administration resulted in a significant expression of TF in ECV304 cell line,with strongest effect after 1 h co-incubation at concentration of 1?10-5 mol/L histamine(about 4.8-fold higher expression of TF compared with that of 1?10-9 mol/L histamine).Expression level of TF was detected after stimulated with oxHDL in dose-and time-dependent manners.The highest expression of TF mRNA was found at 20 mg/L oxHDL and 6 h co-incubation,with 1.8-fold and 5.3-fold increase in TF expression,respectively,compared with that at 10 mg/L oxHDL and 2 h co-incubation.20 mg/L oxHDL also caused an apparent augmentation of TF protein expression,about 1.5-fold higher compared with that stimulated by 40 mg/L oxHDL.HDL co-incubation did not cause a detectable expression of TF protein.The mRNA levels of TF in ECV304 cell line induced by oxHDL were decreased by 95.0%,81.0%,87.0%,respectively(all P

Objective: To investigate the mental health status of railway female workers and related influencing factors, and to provide a scientific strategy for labor protection regulations in railway female workers. Methods: Cluster sampling was used to select 5033 female workers from Jinan, Nanning, Qinghai-Tibet, and Wuhan railway systems in China from January to August, 2016. A uniform reproductive health questionnaire, as well as the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) , was used to investigate their general information (age, marital status, education level, and family income) , work type (day shift, night shift, or work on shift) , work position, and the presence or absence of exposure to occupational hazardous factors. The score on each factor of SCL-90 and the positive rate of mental health status were calculated. Results: The positive rate of mental health status was 10.6% in railway female workers. The workers exposed to occupational hazardous factors had a significantly higher positive rate of mental health status than those not exposed to occupational hazardous factors (14.20% vs 8.02%, P<0.01) . There were significant differences in the positive rate of mental health status between workers with different ages, marital status, education levels, histories of abortion, or annual family income levels (P<0.01) . The scores of somatization (1.54±0.62) and horror (1.28±0.47) in SCL-90 were significantly higher than the Chinese adult norm (P<0.01) . The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that exposure to occupational hazardous factors, night shift, overwork, and carrying heavy objects were associated with mental health problems (OR=1.797, 95%CI: 1.393-2.318; OR=0.641, 95%CI: 0.498-0.827; OR=0.586, 95%CI: 0.439-0.783; OR=0.580, 95%CI: 0.378-0.890) . Conclusion Railway female workers have lower levels of mental health than the general population and are under significant occupational stress. Exposure to occupational hazardous factors, night shift, overwork, and carrying heavy objects are associated with the development of mental health problems in railway female workers.