Objective To investigate and analyse the effect of PBL teaching method on the clincal medical students of different level,furthermore,to provide an effective guide for biochemistry teaching method reform.Methods Comparing the results of traditional teaching method and PBL teaching method in biochemistry on the clinical medical students of different level,and analyzing the applicable of PBL to various students.Results The seven-year students had a significant higher score in sum record by using PBL teaching method(P

Objective: To explore the protective mechanism of resvertrol (RSV) suppressing the rapid electrical stimulation incurred oxidative stress injury in neonatal rats cardiomyocytes. Methods: The neonatal rats cardiac ifbroblasts and myocytes were isolated by double enzyme digestion and differential adhesion method, and the cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into 5 groups:①Control (CTR) group,②Rapid electrical stimulation (RES) group,③RES+APO group, cells were pretreated with NADPH oxidase inhibitor APO,④RES+RSV group,⑤RES+AIP group, cells were pretreated with CaMKII inhibitor AIP. In order to conifrm whether RSV protection was via MsrA-OX-CaMKⅡpathway, the cells were further divided into another 3 groups:①DMSO control group,②RSV+DMSO group,③RES+ RSV+DMSO group. The best dose of RSV was measured with Kit-8 by cardiomyocytes surviving condition, the optimal electrical stimulation time was detected with ELISA by Ang II level in conditioned medium. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes was detected by flow cytometry, the protein expressions of MsrA, Nox4, Nox2, P22phox, OX-CaMK II and apoptosis related cleaved caspase-3 were observed by Western blot analysis.Results:①Compared with CTR group, RES group showed increased AngII secretion with increased protein expressions of Nox4, Nox2, P22phox, OX-CaMK II and cleaved caspase-3.②Compared with RES group, the RES+APO, RES+RSV, RES+AIP groups had decreased ROS level, the ROS was even lower in RES+RSV group.③Compared with RES group, the RES+APO, RES+RSV groups presented decreased protein expressions of Nox4, Nox2, P22phox, OX-CaMK II and cleaved caspase-3, while RES+AIP group only had decreased Nox2, OX-CaMK II and cleaved caspase-3.④Compared with DMSO control group, RES+ RSV+DMSO group had the lower level of cleaved caspase-3 expression. Conclusion: RSV has protective effect on rapid electrical stimulation incurred oxidative stress injury in neonatal rats cardiomyocytes, which might be via NADPH oxidase with the increased MsrA expression .

Objective To evaluate the role of combination of three-vessel views in ultrasound diagnosis of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies.Methods The data of 66 cases of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies were retrospectively analysed,including echocardiographic data,autopsy and operation records and postnatal follow-up results.Echocardiogaphic features and display frequencies on three vessels and trachea view(3VT),three vessels view(3VV)and three vessels and pulmonary arterial branches view(3VP)were summarized.Results There were 52 cases of aortic arch abnormalities,including 32 cases of right aortic arch with left ductus arteriosus,4 cases of double aortic arch,7 cases of aberrant right subclavian artery,6 cases of coarctation of aorta and 3 cases of interruption of aortic arch.Fourteen cases were diagnosed pulmonary aterial branch abnormalities,including 1 0 cases of crossed pulmonary arteries,2 cases of anomalous origin of left pulmonary artery from aortic arch and 2 cases of pulmonary artery sling.The display frequencies of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies on 3VT,3VV and 3VP were 80.3%,19.7% and 39.4%.Conclusions The combination of three-vessel views is of great value in prenatal diagnosis of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies.

Objective To develop a simple method identifying and illustrating clustered repeats in bacterial ge-nomes, and to observe the patterns of clustered repeats in Salmonella genomes.Methods Bacterial genomes were cut to be overlapped pieces of identical size with a sliding window strategy .Each piece of genome fragment was aligned against itself with BLAT integrated in PipMaker , which was further used to build collinearity figures . Collinearity figures were analyzed to identify the clustered repeats.Results With the new pipeline CRpred ( Clustered Repeat Predicter) , Salmonella typhimurium LT2 genome was screened, and in 151 clustered repeats were disclosed.Pattern analysis on these repeats indicated that there were five categories, including low-copy simple tandem repeats, high-copy simple tandem repeats, interspaced tandem repeats, reverse-complementary re-peats, and interspaced reverse-complementary repeats.Nine repeat regions in LT2 genome were discovered which could not be simply classified into the 5 categories defined above.Conclusions A new, simple and intuitive strategy is proposed to identify and show clustered repeats in genomes , providing clues for CRISPR , VNTR and oth-er repeat-related studies .

Objective To study the distribution and evolution of yiiG, a Salmonella gene encoding a candidate type secretedsubstrate .Methods Salmonella genomes were comprehensively screened for yiiG distribution with se-quence alignment strategies .The evolutionary history of yiiG was traced .Comparative genomic analysis was per-formed to study the evolutionary mechanisms of yiiG gene acquisition , loss and duplication .RNA-seq data were combined to analyzing the correlation between yiiG and other virulence factors .A variety of bioinformatic tools were used for discovering the possible type Ⅲsecretion signals .Results yiiG distributed in S.enterica subsp.enterica but variable in other subspecies of S.enterica.No yiiG was found in S.bongori.Besides Salmonella, only a part of Shigella and E.coli strains were detected with yiiG homologs .The genomic locus of yiiG and its adjacency showed conservation among all Salmonella, E.coli and Shigella strains.In most of the serovars of S.enterica subsp.enteri-ca, there was a head-to-head tandem whole yiiG repeat sequence upstream the yiiG gene, which was renamed as yiiGRrc.RNA-seq analysis showed that yiiG gene expression level was highly correlated with T 3SS-related genes . Bioinformatic prediction also indicated the T 3SS effector signals in YiiG N-terminus.Conclusions yiiG represented an ancient genomic locus , which will be a hot spot where rearrangement events frequently happened .The function of yiiG could potentially be related with Salmonella virulence.Finally, a new protein-encoding gene (yiiGRrc) was newly identified that was closely related with yiiG, providing the target for further understanding the composition , function and function variation of yiiG gene family .

Objective: To explore the effect of atorvastatin (Atv) on high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by SIRT1/NADPH oxidase pathway with the possible mechanisms.
Methods: HUVECs were cultured in low glucose medium and then divided into 6 experimental groups:①Normal group,②Osmotic pressure control group,③High glucose (HG) group,④HG+Atv (0.1, 1.0, 10.0)μmol/L group,⑤HG+sirtinol (SIRT1 inhibitor) group,⑥HG+apocynin (NOX4 inhibitor) group, and HUVECs were further cultured for 24 hours. The cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8 kit, ROS level was detected by lfow cytometry method, protein expressions of SIRT1 and NOX4 were measured by Western blot analysis.
Results: ① Compared with Normal group, HG group had decreased HUVECs proliferation, Atv improved the HG inhibited proliferation in a does dependent manner. ② HG group had the higher level of ROS, increased NOX4 protein expression and decreased SIRT1 protein expression. ③ In HG condition, Atv up-regulated SIRT1 expression and down-regulated ROS and NOX4 expressions in a does dependent manner.④In HG condition, sirtinol decreased SIRT1 expression, increased NOX4 expression, and apocynin decreased NOX4 expression, while it had no inlfuence on SIRT1 expression.
Conclusion: Atorvastatin could resist HG-induced oxidative stress injury in HUVECs, which might be related to up-regulated SIRT1 expression, and SIRTI plays the role in NADPH oxidase at upstream.

Objective: To explore the effect of resveratrol (Res) on angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with the possible mechanisms in vitro.
Methods: The HUVECs were cultured in 6 groups.①Control group, HUVEC were cultured with high glucose in DMEM,②Res group, the cell were cultured with Res at different concentrations,③Res with PI3K blocker LY294002 (Res+Blocker 1) group, ④Blocker 1 group, HUVEC were cultured with LY294002 alone, ⑤Res with eNOS blocker L-NAME (Res +Blocker 2) group and ⑥Blocker 2 group. The effect of Res on HUVEC proliferation was detected by CCK-8 kit, the protein expressions of p-Akt, p-eNOS were examined by Westin blot analysis, nitric oxide (NO) level was measured by nitrate reduction method and the endothelial cell migration was assayed by transwell chamber method.
Results: ① Compared with Control group, HUVEC proliferation increased in Res (1, 5μmol/L ) group, P<0.01, the proliferation in Res (5μmol/L) group was higher than those in Res (0.2, 10, 20μmol/L) group, P<0.01, while Res (20 μmol/L) group could inhibit the proliferation P<0.01. ②Compared with Control group, Res (5μmol/L) group had the higher protein expressions of p-Akt, p-eNOS, P<0.05-0.01, higher NO level, P<0.05.③Compared with Res group, Res+Blocker 1 group had lower expressions of p-Akt, p-eNOS, P<0.01, lower NO, P<0.05; the expressions of p-Akt, p-eNOS and NO level were similar between Res+Blocker 1 group and Blocker 1 group, all P>0.05.④Compared with Control group, the cell migration and tubing formation were higher in Res (5μmol/L) group, P<0.01;compared with Res group, the cell migration and tubing formation were lower in Res+Block2 group, P<0.01.
Conclusion: Res could up-regulate NO level via activating PI3-K/Akt/eNOS signaling and therefore, improving the proliferation, migration and tubing formation of HUVEC in vitro.

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate STAT3 expression and the relationship between protein levels of STAT3 and clinicopathological parameters together with preoperative chemotherapy in human breast cancer. Methods Samples were obtained from 51 patients with breast carcinoma in which 7 patients had received preoperative chemotherapy. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression in tissue and SK-BR-3 cell line. MTT method was used to evaluate the proliferation. Cell-cycle and apoptosis were quantified by flow cytometry. Results STAT3 protein levels increased in breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues(t=5.540,P

Objective To explore the risk and treatment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) in patients with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis.Methods To summarize the clinical data of 28 patients with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis.The patients were repeated right upper quadrant pain,including 4 cases of gallbladder neck stones incarcerated,gallbladder effusion.Among them,there were 20 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis,5 cases of schistosomiasis cirrhosis,3 cases of alcohol.Results There were 6 patients with hemorrhage during operation.Among them,5 patients were treated with gelatin sponge,hemostatic gauze and bio-glue spray to stop bleeding,1 case was transferred to open surgery because of bleeding.The remaining 27 cases of LC were successful.Complications occurred in 8 patients,3 cases of increased liver function abnormalities,1 case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding,1 case of mild hepatic encephalopathy,2 cases of significant ascites formation,1 patient underwent subtotal resection of the gallbladder with Hartmanns bag,and bile was found in the ascites after surgery,but the bile disappeared after five days.All patients with complications after symptomatic treatment were cured,no death,no major bleeding and liver failure,bile duct injury,severe biliary fistula and other serious complications.Conclusion Although the risk of LC in patients with liver cirrhosis is higher than that in the general population,with the help of current high-tech surgical instruments,we can safely accomplish this with an improved surgical procedure.As these patients require high technical requirements of surgery,surgeons must have a wealth of experience and familiar laparoscopic liver and gallbladder anatomy.

Objective To enhance the management in identifying the surgical sites to comply with national standards.Methods A nurse-physician collaboration management team was set up to investigate the current identification of surgical sites in every operating room which violates regulations,with the causes analyzed and countermeasures proposed.Working hand in hand,doctors and nurses figured out the management details for preoperatively identifying the surgical sites and reengineering of the surgical process.With the responsibilities clarified and training enhanced,the surgeons,anesthesiologists,ward nurses and operating room nurses were held responsible for the process and improvements of identifying the surgical sites.The number of patients with unreasonable identification of surgical sites was calculated before and after establishment of nurse-physician collaboration management team.Results The reasonable identification rates of surgical sites were 37.94% before the reform and 80.94% after;incorrect use of all types of the surgical site identification can be minimized in the reform.Conclusion The management of nurse-physician collaboration is conducive to enhancing the reasonable identification rate of surgical sites,thus improving the quality of care and correctness of operations.