ObjectiveTo study the regularity of the changes and the role of serum ionized Calci um in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS). MethodsSerum was detected at different stages of HFRS by selective electrode, and analized the relationship between serum with blood urea Nitrogen and creatinine. ResultsSerum was much lower (P＜0.05) during hypotension shock stage and diuretic stage, and significantly lower(P＜0.01) during oliguria stage. The decrease of serum level was correlated to the state of illness aggravated. There is a negative relativity between serum and blood urea Nitrogen and creatinine (P＜0.01) in the patients. ConclusionSerum levels in patients may be related to the severity of the disease and renal function.

Objective To observe the effect of ketamine preemptive analgesia on postoperative pain and recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC). Methods Eighty LC patients under general anesthesia with propofol and remifentany were randomly divided into two groups of PR and PRK with 40 cases each. The patients in group PRK were given additional low-dose ketamine 0.3 mg/kg before skin incision. Recovery from anesthesia was evaluated at 30 min, 1 h and 12 h after surgery by SS and VRS scoring. Results There were no significant differences in the time for regaining spontaneous breathing,opening eyes and extubation between the two groups. But recovery of anesthesia was with less restlessness and VRS pain scores, better sedation in group PRK than those in group PR (P< 0.05). Conclusion Preemptive intravenous analgesia with low-dose ketamine has the advantage of quicker recovery from anesthesia with less incidence of restlessness and pain in LC patients.

Objective To analyze the direct interaction between mmu-miR-30b and mouse FoxO3 (mFoxO3) mRNA.Methods Three target gene fragments, which were respectively 402, 123 and 299 bp in length, were amplified from mouse cDNA by PCR using specific primers and site-direct mutant primers.A complete mutant fragment was obtained by joining together the 123 and 299 bp fragments.Recombinant plasmids, pmirGLO-mFoxO3 and pmirGLO-mFoxO3 mt, were constructed through inserting wild and mutant fragments of mFoxO3 into pmirGLO vector, respectively.HEK 293T cells were respectively co-transfected with the constructed recombinant plasmids and mmu-miR-30b/mmu-miR-30b inhibitor.Dual-luciferase reporter assay system was used to determine the Firefly-Renilla luciferase activity in different groups.Western blot assay was performed to evaluate the regulatory effect of mmu-miR-30b on mFoxO3 expression.ResultsRestriction enzyme analysis and gene sequencing showed that the two recombinant plasmids, pmirGLO-mFoxO3 and pmirGLO-mFoxO3 mt, were constructed successfully.The activity of Firefly-Renilla luciferase in HEK 293T cells transfected with pmirGLO, pmirGLO+mmu-miR-30b, pmirGLO+mmu-miR-30b inhibitor, pmirGLO-mFoxO3+mmu-miR-30b, pmirGLO-mFoxO3+mmu-miR-30b+mmu-miR-30b inhibitor, or pmirGLO-mFoxO3 mt+mmu-miR-30b was 13.18±0.97, 14.35±0.99, 12.46±1.20, 9.55±1.11, 13.71±0.89 and 10.99±0.92, respectively.Compared with pmirGLO+mmu-miR-30b group, the luciferase activity was significantly decreased in pmirGLO-mFoxO3+mmu-miR-30b group (P<0.05), but showed no significant change in pmirGLO-mFoxO3 mt+mmu-miR-30b group (P>0.05).In addition, the suppressed Firefly-Renilla luciferase activity in pmirGLO-mFoxO3+mmu-miR-30b group was restored by mmu-miR-30b inhibitor treatment (P<0.05).Enhancing the expression of mmu-miR-30b could markedly inhibit the expression of mFoxO3 at protien level (P<0.05), and that could be significantly attenuated by mmu-miR-30b inhibitor treatmeat (P<0.05).Conclusion mFoxO3 mRNA is a novel target gene of mmu-miR-30b.There is a direct interaction between mmu-miR-30b and mFoxO3 mRNA.

Objective To explore the methods of culture and identification of human placental microvascular endothelial cells(HPMVEC) in vitro,aiming to construct the polar model of human placental barrier.Methods By proteolytic enzymes,the tissular and cellular suspensions were collected from the chorionic villi of pregnant and centrifugated over a preformed discontinuous Percoll gradient.The highly purified human placental microvascular endothelial cells were obtained and cultured in HG-DMEM with fetal calf serum and identified by immunocytochemistry(SP methods) and transmission electron microscope.Results The highly purified human microvascular endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and passaged for three to five generations.Factor Ⅷ-related antigen and CD34 were both positive by immunocytochemistry.Weibel-Palade body(W-P body) was observed by transmission electron microscope.Conclusion Human placental microvascular endothelial cells can be isolated and cultured successfully in vitro by our method.

Objective:To study the distribution of the literature and the trend of international research of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in 10 years from 2009 to 2018.Methods:Using Web of Science database of the American Institute of Scientific Information as the data source to collect literature on proliferative vitreoretinopathy published from 2009 to 2018 and a statistical analysis on the distribution of the publication time, nation and funding agency was made to figure out the institution, periodical, author with highest citations respectively among the collected literature.Meanwhile, the bibliometric analysis software Citespace and VOSviewer were employed to carry out the distribution analysis and cluster analysis of keywords as well as the co-citation cluster analysis.Results:A total of 905 articles related to PVR were included, mainly in English, most of which were written by American authors, and the number of literature published by Chinese authors was ranked the second.Among all the article funding institutions, the National Natural Science Foundation of China ranked NO.1 with the most funded articles.Citations increased year by year since 2009 and increased obviously since 2013.The journal with the highest citations was Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, and the research institution with the highest citations was Harvard University.The statistical analysis of the citation quantity also showed that the top five authors with the highest citations were all from Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School.The results of cluster analysis showed that there were 41 high-frequency subject terms, and they were mainly grouped in 4 categories, which were etiology, risk factors, molecular mechanism, treatment and management of PVR.Keywords network visualization and overlay visualization both showed that etiology and risk factors were the focus of current research, while epithelial mesenchymal transition, transforming growth factor-β and fibrosis were new research fields in recent years.The results of citation cluster analysis showed there were 12 co-citation clusters. Conclusions:The literature of PVR shows an upward trend, and the researches focus on the molecular mechanism, prevention, and neuroprotection of PVR, which may be the future PVR research direction.

【Objective】To investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).【Methods】The expression of NOS3 and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemistry in 51 cases of HCC.【Results】The positive of NOS3 and VEGF in HCC were 53% and 63%.The expression rate of NOS3 in the recurrent group was significantly higher than that in the non-recurrent group (P<0.01).The expression rates of VEGF in the group with carcinoma embolus of portal vein and the recurrent group were significantly higher than those in the group without carcinoma embolus and non-recurrent group (P<0.05).The expression of NOS3 was closely related with the expression of VEGF positively in HCC.【Conclusions】NOS3 and VEGF are related with the biological behavior of HCC closely.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of transpupillary thermal therapy (TTT) for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) accompanied with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods Fifty-one eyes of 47 patients whose illness had been diagnosed as AMD by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were treated with diode 810 laser. There are 42 eyes of 39 patients had occult CNV and 9 eyes of 8 patients had classic CNV, and the average visual acuity in their fist diagnosis was 0.12. According to the focus size, the diameters of beam spot varied from 0.8, 1.2, 2.0, and 3.0 mm; and the power was 120, 160, 260 and 360mW correspondingly, with the duration of 60 seconds. The follow-up examination was performed once a month after the treatment, and repetitious treatment would be taken once to thrice if necessary. The follow-up period was 3~33 months with the mean of 10 months. Visual acuity, haemorrhage in ocular fundus, absorption of exudation, and the closure of CNV were examined in the follow-up examination. Results No immediate decrement of visual acuity or any other discomforts were found in all of the treated eyes soon after the treatment. The average visual acuity of 51 eyes was 0.16 in the last diagnosis, which remained no change in 68.62%; increased in 23.53% and decreased in 7.84% compared with that in the first diagnosis. The results of FFA and ICCG demonstrated that at the 3rd months after the treatment, the closure rate was 42.86% in occult CNV and 22.22% in classic CNV; and at the 6th month, the closure rate was 73.81% in occult CNV and 66.67% in classic CNV. The results of ophthalmoscopy showed that at the 3rd month after the treatment, partial or complete absorption of hemorrhage and/or exudates with various thickness of organized scarring tissue was found in 42 eyes with occult CNV; decrement of hemorrhage and exudates was observed in 7 out of 9 eyes with classic CNV; and new hemorrhage occurred in 1 eye. At the 6~(th) month, in 27 eyes with occult CNV, new hemorrhage occurred in 3 including 2 eyes with occult CNV, new hemorrhage occurred in 3 including 2 eyes with faster absorption and remaining unchanged for 12 months; in 5 eyes with classic CNV, new hemorrhage occurred in 2, which was absorbed after treated again and remained stable in the 16-month followed-up. In 19 eyes with occult CNV which had been followed up for more than 6 months, hemorrhage disappeared in 5 and new hemorrhage occurred in 5. In the followed-up over 6 months, new hemorrhage occurred in 8 eyes with the recurrent rate of 15.6%. Conclusion TTT is effective for AMD with either classic or occult CNV. In the long-term followed-up, CNV recurs in 15.6% of the treated eyes which may be improved after the further treatment.

Objective To analyze the risk factors for thrombosis by investigating the incidence of central venous catheter‐related thrombosis in elderly patients .Methods Four hundred and five elderly patients who underwent central venous catheterization were divided into femoral vein group(n=46) ,internal jugular vein group (n=40) and subclavian vein group (n=319) according to their catheter position ,or into thrombosis group (n=31) and non‐thrombosis group (n=374) according to the incidence of central venous catheter‐related thrombosis .T heir gender ,age ,basic diseases ,catheter position ,retention time of catheter ,and complications of central venous catheter‐related thrombosis were retrospectively analyzed .Results The incidence of central venous cathe‐ter‐related thrombosis was significantly lower in subclavian vein group than in internal jugular vein group and femoral vein group (5 .0% vs 15 .0% ,5 .0% vs 19 .6% ,P<0 .05 ,P<0 .01) .The percentage of past venous thrombosis history was significantly higher in thrombosis group than in non‐thrombosis group (19 .4% vs 6 .4% ,P<0 .05) .Conclusions Subclavian vein catheterization can significantly reduce the incidence of central venous catheter‐related thrombosis and past ve‐nous thrombosis history can predict the incidence of central venous catheter‐related thrombosis in elderly patients .

Objective: To investigate the protective influence and mechanism of Yishen Huayu Formula on the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)in the rat with renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods: 150 rats were randomly divided into sham-opration group, model group, Lotensin treatment group, Yishen Huayu high low dose treatment groups. The rat models with renal interstitial fibrosis were induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. The expressions of CTGF in the kidneys were observed on 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day. The alterations of renal the expressions of CTGF in the kidneys were observed with the ?-actin as intrinsic control. Results: Compared with the control group,the expression of CTGF increased signifi cantly in model group(P

Objective: Describe the depressive symptoms and suicidal characteristics of patients with major depressive episodes treated in non-psychiatric outpatient and inpatient departments of general hospitals. Methods: Trained psychiatric nurses administered our depression screening instrument to 2 877 consecutive outpatients and 2 925 inpatients who were at least 15 years of age, able to complete the survey and had no serious communication difficulties. These subjects were identified from 35 level-1, 8 level-2, and 7 level-3 general hospitals in Beijing that were selected by stratified random sampling. Results:Compared to 5 604 patients without depression, a higher proportion of the 198 patients with major depressive episode were agricultural laborers (14.2% v. 7.9%, ?2=17.48), uninsured (45.2% v. 37.8%, ?2=4.41), inpatients (63.1% v. 50.0%, ?2=13.26), treated in internal medicine departments (the internal medicine, surgical, genecological, traditional Chinese medicine and other medical departments distribution of depressed versus non-depressed patients was 51.5%, 30.8%, 3.0%, 2.5%, and 12.1% v. 40.7%, 30.5%, 9.8%, 4.9%, and 14.0%, ?2=17.28), less educated [9(4) v. 10(5) years of formal education, t=-3.55] and relatively poor (median monthly per capita income in the family was 500 yuan v. 800 yuan, Z=-4.86) (all P