Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) orthopedic treatment is a worldwide problem in recent years.With the growing rod technique clinical application and development of innovative,it has opened up a new way of orthotics for scoliosis.This paper reviews the development process of growing rods in treatment of early onset scoliosis.

[Objective] To measure the nitrogen content in Agrocybe cylindracea R.Maire,compare the advantages of Kai's Nitrogen-testing method and Spectrophotometric method.[Method]Take Kai's Nitrogen-testing method and Spectrophotometric method.[Result]The two methods were almost the same in the measurement of nitrogen,i.e.30.70mg/g,which had no marked difference by t test.[Conclusion]Spectrophotometric method is simple and convenient for operation,quickly and correctly,and can be used for measurement of total nitrogen.

Using modem network and computer technology and characteristic digital resources, E - reading room has changed utiliza-tion modes of library information resources. The paper introduces the formation, current status and developing strategies of E - reading room open information service, and points out that this kind of service has become new model of library service in information era.

Objective To study the cost-benefit analysis of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in cholecystolithiasis patients unsuspected choledocholithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 960 cholecystolithiasis patients unsuspected choledocholithiasis were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into MRCP group (665 cases) and non-MRCP group (295 cases) according to the application of MRCP or not before LC.The total hospitalization expense,missing diagnosis rate of postoperative choledocholithiasis,secondary admission rate,hospitalization time and intraoperative bile duct injury between the 2 groups were compared.Results There were no statistical differences in total hospitalization expense and hospitalization time between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The missing diagnosis rate of postoperative choledocholithiasis and secondary admission rate in MRCP group were significantly lower than those in non-MRCP group [0.15％ (1/665) and 0 vs.3.73％ (11/295) and 3.73％ (11/295)],there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no intraoperative biliary tract injury in the 2 groups.Conclusions In terms of cost-benefit analysis,routine MRCP before LC for cholecystolithiasis patients unsuspected choledocholithiasis is benefiting.Routine MRCP before LC could effectively reduce the missing diagnosis of the postoperative choledocholithiasis and the secondary admission rate without increasing the total hospitalization expense of patients.

It is vital to make an individual plan for each patient with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) according to the obstruction sites. The high resolution anatomical information of upper airway and soft tissue can be obtained, especially by MRI and CT scans. Dynamic and state-dependent imaging techniques are beneficial to study stereo changes of anatomy and morphology of upper airway in quiet breathing, sleeping or airway closure. Although dynamic imaging examination has value in diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS, there has no uniform position diagnosis standard. This article reviews the history of dynamic imaging study on OSAHS, the advantages and disadvantages of various imaging technologies and prospects of imaging position diagnosis.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Respiratory System ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the effects of Leptin on the base of anthropometry,densitometry,and biochemistry and reveal the role of Leptin in bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP).Methods From January 2008 to January 2014,data of 82 postmenopausal females with or without OP were analyzed.They were randomized into two groups:OP (n=40) and conditional control group (CON) (n=42).The expression of Leptin receptors in osteoblasts was observed by immunohistochemistry.1 × 10 ng/ml,1 × 102 ng/ml,1 × 103 ng/ml,1× 104 ng/ml of Leptin were added respectively.Then the proliferation,differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts were measure at 24 h,48 h and 96 h.The gene expressions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived osteoblasts and adipocytes treated with Leptin were examined by quantitative analysis of Real time-PCR.Results The expression of Leptin receptors in osteoblasts was observed on plasma membranes and cytoplasm in the normal group and osteoporosis group.In osteoporosis group,different concentrations of Leptin enhanced cell proliferation,cell differentiation and cell mineralization.The growth rate of MTT and the concentration of ALP in the serum of were significantly increased with the effects of 1×10 ng/ml,1×102 ng/ml and 1×103 ng/ml of Leptin,and the action of 1×102 ng/ml Leptin was the most powerful with time dependence.Within 96 hours,the growth rate of osteoblasts increased gradually,and the concentration of ALP increased gradually in 3 weeks.The expression of RANKL/OPG in bone marrow BMSCs derived osteoblasts treated with Leptin were significantly increased.Conclusion Leptin receptor is present in osteoblasts,and Leptin affects biological behaviors of osteoblasts through receptors.The direct effect of Leptin may relate the expression of RANKL/OPG.Then,the balance between bone resorption and bone formation was broken and finally osteoporosis occurred.Lepin may promote osteogenesis and inhibit bone resorption in the differentiation of BMSCs.

Objective To establish a method for in vitro induction and amplification of immature dendritic cells(DCs) with maturation resistance from human peripheral blood. Methods Mononuclear cells separated from peripheral blood were cultured with rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4 for 9 days, and rhIL-10 was added into medium at the 7th day. The suspending cells were examined with scanning electronic microscope and flow cytometry, and their ability for stimulating non-sensitized T lymphocyte proliferation was observed by mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR). Cultured cells were stimulated with LPS and TNF-? for additional 2 days, respectively, and MLR was performed again. Results rhGM-CSF+rhIL-4-induced and IL-10-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) exhibited typical morphological characteristics and immunological phenotype of DCs with high expression of CD1a and no expression of CD 83 on the cellular surface. Costimulating molecules CD 40 and CD 86 expressions were down-regulated.The capability of cultured cells for stimulating the proliferation of non-sensitized T lymphocyte was weak, and the same result was observed in cultured cells stimulated with LPS or TNF-?. Conclusion Immature dendritic cells with maturation resistance were obtained by culturing with IL-10,which might be a useful in the induction of immune tolerance of allogenic skin grafting for the major burn patients with deep burn wounds.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of the prostate(TUPKRP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods The operation was completed using a bipolar plasmakinetic resection system(CIRCON ACMI).Three trenches were created at 5,7,and 12 o'clock position,respectively,to divide the middle,left,and right lobes of the prostate gland for resection.The bladder neck was widened in overlapping vaporizing swathes to create a wide-necked funnel down to the level of the surgical capsule.The apical tissue was resected to the anterior border of the seminal colliculus.With a F_(20) or F_(22) three-cavity catheter indwelling for 3~5 d,normal saline irrigation was used for 1~2 d postoperatively.Results The duration of the procedure was 20~180 min(53.2?28.7 min),and resected tissue weighed 8~130 g(23.5?21.6 g).The intraoperative blood loss was 10~300 ml(65.4?46.8 ml) and no blood transfusion was required.No perforation of the prostatic capsule or transurethral resection syndrome occurred.The peak urinary flow rate(Qmax) increased from 8.4?1.9 ml/s preoperatively to 18.4?1.8 ml/s 1 month postoperatively(q=55.498,P﹤0.05).The residual urine(RU) decreased from 80.8?59.7 ml preoperatively to 19.5?10.0 ml postoperatively(q=17.287,P﹤0.05). The international prostate symptom score(IPSS) decreased from 25.7?5.5 preoperatively to 5.7?2.4 postoperatively(q=52.969,P﹤0.05).The scores of quality of life(QOL) decreased from 4.4?1.0 preoperatively to 1.1?0.2 postoperatively(q=42.146,P﹤0.05). Conclusions Transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia is effective and safe,with few complications.

Objective To get a general idea of the knowing level of knowledge and policies related to voluntary blood donation among rural residents,and to explore factors influencing their willingness of voluntary blood donation.Methods Three natural villages were randomly chosen in the north,middle and south of Anhui province as the investigation sites in Jan.2008.Data were collected by interviewing the target people,as well as using a self-designed questionnaire.A total of 724 people were interviewed and 620 valid questionnaires were obtained,with an effective retrieval rate of 85.6%.Results The score of voluntary blood donation knowledge among rural residents was 19.26?3.987,and the score of relevant policy knowledge was 5.85?2.154.There were significant differences in knowledge of both voluntary blood donation and relevant policies among different age groups.Residents with different education levels also differed significantly in knowledge of relevant policies.Logistic analysis indicated that age,education and knowing level of relevant policies were the factors that had influence people's willingness of voluntary blood donation.Conclusion Knowing level of voluntary blood donation knowledge is high among rural residents while the policy knowledge level is low.Willingness of blood donation among the group of age 25 to 34 is obviously higher than that of the group of age 18 to 24;willingness of people with middle school education background is lower than illiterate people;the higher the knowledge level,the higher of people's willingness.

Objective:To investigate the relation between eotaxin, STAT6 and allergic rhinitis through comparing expressions of eotaxin and STAT6 in nasal mucosa of normal guinea pigs and of guinea pig allergic rhinitis models. Methods: Twenty-four healthy guinea pigs were equally randomized into 2 groups: normal control and allergic rhinitis models. Guinea pig allergic rhinitis models were established by the ovalbumin challenge method. Protein expressions of eotaxin and STAT6 in the nasal mucosa of the 2 groups were detected by immunohistochemical technique. Results: Expressions of eotaxin and STAT6 were found in the nasal mucosa of both normal guinea pigs and allergic rhinitis guinea pigs. Eotaxin was mostly located in the cytoplasm of the serous and mucous glands,while STAT6 mostly in the cytoplasm of subepithelial infiltrative cells.Expressions of eotaxin and STAT6 in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis guinea pigs were significantly higher than those of normal guinea pigs~(P