Corneal epithelial injury refers to the destruction of corneal epithelial function and structural integrity caused by various reasons.Dry eye is a common cause of corneal epithelial damage and it also delays the healing of corneal epithelial wound.The change of tear film stability is a main mechanism of dry eye disease, which implies an important role of improving the tear film stability in dry eye and the repair of dry eye-related corneal epithelial damage.Ocular surface lubricants can be used to supplement the water-like liquid, mucin and lipid that tears naturally have.Anti-inflammatory drugs can improve the stability of tear film.When the ocular surface microenvironment is affected, the growth factors of the tear are unable to meet the needs of rapid repair of the damage.Therefore, it is necessary to supplement exogenous growth factor to promote injury healing of corneal epithelium.In this article, the repair of corneal epithelial damage associated with dry eye were reviewed, including the therapies of ocular surface lubricant, anti-inflammation and promoting repair of corneal epithelium.

In the new economic situation for the new requirements for traditional Chinese medicine innovation talents cultivation, in view of the relevant medical education at home and abroad experience and many years of exploration in our school, we suggest that in the curriculum construction and development of the national institutions of higher learning of Chinese medicine, the experiment teaching of traditional Chinese medicine should be extended by popularizing college students' exploring experiment and innovative experiment and establishing the combined mechanism between the excel-lent students and excellent teachers. We also put emphasis on developing five abilities, which include the ability of structuring own knowledge system, the ability of acquiring useful knowledge and aban-doning other, the ability of logical reasoning and critical thinking skills, the ability of professional in-terest and innovation, and the ability of expressing themselves and communication skills.

This paper describes the biological characteristics of human and mouse adrenal cortical carcinoma cell lines and presents research progress made in rat and bovine primary cultured adrenal cortical cells.The effect of angiotensin Ⅱ,potassium,adrenocorticotropic hormone and cAMPon different adrenal cortical cell lines were compared and analyzed,regarding the differences of steroid hormone secreted.The article suggests that it is necessary to develop and establish some ideal adrenal cortex cell models for furtherstudying the mechanisms of steroid hormone synthesis and secretion.

Objective To investigate the influence of multi-drug resistant mycobacterium strain tuberculosis (MDR-TB) on the clinical outcomes and its countermeasures in the treatment of bone and joint tuberculosis. Methods From December 1993 to June 1999, 250 revised cases were admitted in our hospital, which were 143 males and 107 females aging from 2 to 72 years with an average of 25.44 years. The most of lesions were located at spine, then the hip, knee and small joints. The specimens were harvested via need biopsy or operation from the lesion. Specimens were examined by Bactec TB 460 to identify tuberculosis mycobacterium and non tuberculosis mycobacterium strain, and drugs-sensibility test to INH(0.2 ?g/ml), SM (6.0 ?g/ml), RFP (2.0 ?g/ml) and EMB (7.5 ?g/ml) respectively. Results Of 250 patients, Mycobacterium were positive in 48 by Bactec measurement, which were tuberculosis mycobacterium strain in 46 with 18.4% positive rate, and non tuberculosis mycobacterium strain in 2(1 mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex, the other unkown). Of the 46 positive specimens, 27 were sensitive to all of 4 drugs(58.7%), however, 3 were resistant to 1 drug(6.5%), 1 was resistant to 2 drugs(2.1%), 4 were resistant to 3 drugs (8.7%), and 11 were resistant to 4 drugs(24%). In 11 patients resistant to 4 drugs and 2 patients with non tuberculosis mycobacterium strain, 8 were complicated with sinuses after the first operation, in which 7 healed after 2 to 3 re-operations and 1 died of secondary infection. 1 M. avium intracellulare complex and 1 unidentified mycobacterium were multi-drug resistant strains( INH,RFP, SM, EMB) and found with poor clinical results.Conclusion Those cases with MDR-TB in lesions can influence the curative effect of bone and joint tuberculosis significantly. Based on the drug-sensibility, the chemotherapy regimen should be modified and individualized, and requires several operations to cure.

Aim To study the effect of forskolin on cor-ticosterone secretion in mouse adrenocortical tumor cells. Methods Y1 cells were treated with 1μmol· L-1 or 10μmol·L-1 forskolin for 15 min to 24 h. Y1 cells growth morphology was observed, cell culture su-pernatants were collected and corticosterone was tested by ELISA kit. The cells total RNA was extracted using TRIzol kit and was reversely transcribed to obtain the cDNA, then was amplificated by real time quantitative PCR. The cells were lysed with RIPA lysis buffer and protein expressions were carried out by Western blot. Results Y1 cells morphology changed from flat adher-ent to shrink and spherical growth after 1μmol · L-1 forskolin treatment for 3 h. Compared with the control group, corticosterone levels were increased significantly by 1μmol · L-1 forskolin treatment for 24 h ( P <0. 01), then, forskolin significantly enhanced steroid ogenic acute regulatory protein ( Star) mRNA and pro-tein expression ( P <0. 01 ) , moreover, the steroido-genic enzymes such as Cyp11 a1 and Cyp11 b1 mRNA expressions were also up-regulated significantly by fors-kolin ( P <0. 01 ) . Additionally, Star mRNA expres-sion was increased significantly in a time-dependent re-sponse after 10μmol·L-1 forskolin treatment from 1 h to 12 h (P<0. 01). Furthermore, Nr4a1 and Nr4a2 mRNA expressions were up-regulated significantly after 10μmol · L-1 forskolin treatment from 15 min and reached the top at 1 h ( P<0. 01 ) . However, forsko-lin showed no effect on Mc2 r and Nr5 a1 mRNA expres-sions. Conclusion Y1 mouse adrenocortical tumor cells have a strong response to adenylate cyclase ago-nists, then, forskolin can be used to glucocorticoid se-cretion inducer reagent.

0.05).Conclusions Plasma fibrinogen level is affected by -148C/T polymorphism of ?-fibrinogen gene. High plasma fibrinogen level is a risk factor for ACI in Chinese young adults. With other risk factors and environmental factors, T allele increases plasma fibrinogen level and may be a heritable risk factor for ACI in Chinese young adults.

Objective To explore the curative effect of combined use of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of solitary renal staghorn calculi in patients with renal insufficiency. Methods Eight cases of solitary renal staghorn calculi associated with renal insufficiency were treated by a combination of MPCNL and ESWL. Results Stones were completely cleared away in 5 cases, while residual stones were found in 3 cases. No blood transfusion was required and no severe surgery-related complications were encountered. After surgery variable degrees of improvement in renal functions was observed. The serum creatinine (Cr) decreased from 289?166 ?mol/L pre-operation to 155?33 ?mol/L post-operation (t=4.69, P=0.004), and the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreased from 15.1?7.9 mmol/L to 8.3?1.9 mmol/L (t=4.00, P=0.005). The emission computed tomography (ECT) examinations showed the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was elevated from 48.8?12.4 ml/s before operation to 63.0?8.4 ml/s after operation (t=4.68, P=0.003). Post-renal obstruction disappeared after operation. Follow-up for 0.5~4.5 years (mean, 2.8 years) in the 8 cases revealed no obvious changes in renal functions. Conclusions Combination of MPCNL and ESWL for solitary renal staghorn calculi associated with renal insufficiency is safe and effective.

[Objective] To investigate and discuss if there are special syndromes,same disease but different syndromes and same syndrome but different diseases in the different gastric ulcer rat models.[Methods] Based on reports,we select fourmethods-stress,antifani,apoplon,and alcohol to make gastric ulcer model simultaneously,and set up the normal and control groups.Then we use the standardized and quantified four diagnostics and differentiation methods for mice,which are established to examine and appraise the above models in an objective,dynamic and quantified way.[Result] First,different mice models have different syndromes,such as in the water immersion model,damage to Qi blood Yin and Yang was slight and recovered quickly.The anti-fani model,with typical syndromes of cold in the stomach,is a compound model of Qi,blood,Yin and Yang deficiency;second,there exists syndrome evolution in the disease diversity stage in the same rat;moreover,significant syndrome difference exists for the same disease in different rat.For example,on the second day after the alcohol was given to the rats,there was Yin deficiency,or abundance of Qi,or deficiency in both Yin and Yang to the different individual.Thirdly,as for same syndrome but different disease,similar syndromes appear on the same stage in different diseases,as well as the similar syndrome appear on the different stage in different diseases.For instance,the anti-fani model and the apoplon model have similar syndromes of cold in the stomach,Qi deficiency,Yin and Yang deficiency.[Conclusion] There exist respective syndromes in different gastric ulcer mice models.We can infer that to put into practice"treating the same disease with different methods"and"treating different diseases with same method"will help improve the curative effect.

Objective To study the changes of endothelin-1(ET-1) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) in plasma of cerebral vasospasm(CVS) after resection of skull base tumors and the effect of the two factors on cerebral vasospasm. Methods Totally 34 cases were divided into symptomatic cerebral vasospasm group,asymptomatic cerebral vasospasm group and nonvasospasm group after resection of skull base tumors.The blood specimens were obtained from the 34 patients on days 1,3,5,7 and 14 after the resection.The concentration of ET-1 and CGRP was detected by radioimmunoassay;meanwhile,transcranial doppler was recorded.Another 10 normal adult served as control group. Results ① Concentration of ET-1 in plasma elevated from the 1st day after resection of skull base tumors,reaching peak levels on day 5 to day 7,then decreased gradually and nearly recoverd on day 14.Concentration of CGRP in plasma decreased from day 3 after resection of skull base tumors,with the lowest concentration on day 7,then increased gradually and recoverd on day 14.② Concentration of ET-1 in plasma of the three groups was higher than that of normal adult group,while concentration of CGRP of the three groups was lower than that of normal adult group.③ Concentration of ET-1 in plasma in vasospasm groups was higher than that in nonvasospasm group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of trace element strontium on the improvement of rat lipid metabolism disor‐der ,prevention and treatment effects on non‐alcoholic fatty acid liver disease (NAFLD) and its possible mechanism .Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups .The control group used the common fodder and the other four groups adopted the high fat fodder for 13‐week feeding .During the final 9 weeks ,the strontium 18 mg/L group and the strontium 36 mg/L group were sepa‐rately fed with 18 mg/L and 36 mg/L of strontium water .During the final 4 weeks ,the simvastatin group was gavaged with simvas‐tatin 10 mg/kg .The rats were killed at the end of 14 weeks and the liver index ,serum ALT ,AST ,TG ,TC ,LDL‐C and HDL‐C ,and liver TG ,TC levels were measured .The liver tissue frozen section was performed .The fatty change and its distribution were ob‐served by oil red O staining .Results Compared with the control group ,the liver indexc ,liver TG and TC levels ,serum TC and LDL‐C in the NAFLD model group were statistically increased (P<0 .05);compared with the NAFLD model group ,the levels of serum TC and LDL‐C in the strontium 18 mg/L group were decreased ,but serum HDL‐C was also decreased(P<0 .05);in liver in‐dex ,liver TC and TG levels ,serum TC and LDL‐C in the strontium 36 mg/L group were decreased(P<0 .05) .The oil red O stai‐ning showed that the liver tissue in the NAFLD model group contained a large amount of red staining fat particles ;but which in the strontium 18 mg/L group ,strontium 36 mg/L group and the simvastatin group were decreased to some extents .Conclusion The long term high concentration trace element strontium intake has the effect for improving the rat lipid metabolic disorder and preven‐ting and treating NAFLD .