To solve the problems of noise interference and edge signal weakness for the existing medical image, we used two-dimensional wavelet transform to process medical images. Combined the directivity of the image edges and the correlation of the wavelet coefficients, we proposed a medical image processing algorithm based on wavelet characteristics and edge blur detection. This algorithm improved noise reduction capabilities and the edge effect due to wavelet transformation and edge blur detection. The experimental results showed that directional correlation improved edge based on wavelet transform fuzzy algorithm could effectively reduce the noise signal in the medical image and save the image edge signal. It has the advantage of the high-definition and de-noising ability.
Algorithms ; Diagnostic Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis

OBJECTIVE:To study the kinetics of percutaneous permeability of baicalin in nude mice.METHODS:The transdermal constants of baicalin via nude mouse’s skin were determined,and the effects of stratum corneum on the kinetics studied.RESULTS:The kinetic equation of baicalin via nude mouse’s skin was Q=76.07T 1/2 -32.11,while the kinetic equa?tion of baicalin via nude mouse’s skin without stratum corneum was Q=134.25T 1/2 +29.07,and there was baicalin exuded from skin after detachment of patch.CONCLUSION:The kinetics of the patches is accord with the characteristics of frame?work type;the main barrier for baicalin permeance is stratum corneum and the skin without stratum corneum could store drugs.

Objective To investigate the effect of preconditioning with different doses of emulsified isoflurane on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Ninety-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n = 16 each): sham operation group (group S), I/R group, low, median and high doses of emulsified isoflurane preconditioning group (group L, M, H) and intralipid group (group IL). Middle cerebral artery occlusion was produced by inserting a nylon thread. In group S, intraperitoneal normal saline (NS)10.5 ml/kg was injected, but the artery was only exposed 24 h later. In group I/R, intraperitoneal NS 10.5 ml/kg was injected, and the model was established 24 h later. In group L, M, H and IL, 8% emulsified isoflurane 3.5 ml/kg+NS 7.0 ml/kg, 8% emulsified isoflurane 7.0 ml/kg + NS 3.5 ml/kg, 8% emulsified isoflurane 10.5 ml/kg and 30% intralipid 10.5 ml/kg were injected intraperitoneally respectively, and then the model was established 24 h later. The temperature, HR and RR were recorded at 10 min before ischemia and at 10 min of reperfusion. The neurological deficit was scored, the cerebral infarct volume and apoptosis in neurons were detected, and microscopic examination of ischemic penumbra region was performed at 24 h of reperfusion. Results The rectal temperature and HR were significantly increased, while RR was significantly decreased duing cerebral I/R.The neurological deficit score was significantly higher, cerebral infarct volume and the number of apoptotic neurons were significantly larger in the other groups than in group S. Emulsified isoflurane preconditioning reduced neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarct volume and the number of apoptotic neurons dose-dependently. Conclusion Emulsified isoflurane preconditioning can reduce focal cerebral I/R injury in a dose-dependent manner in rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of postconditioning with 8 % emulsified isoflurane (EI) on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Forty-eight male SD rats weighing 260-300 g were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n = 8 each): group Ⅰ sham operation (group S); group Ⅱ I/R; group Ⅲ,Ⅳ, Ⅴ 3 different doses of EI (group L-EI, M-EI, H-.EI) and group Ⅵ lipid emulsion (group LE). Right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced by inserting a nylon thread 0.24 mm in diameter into right internal carotid artery. The thread was threaded cranially until resistance was met. MCAO was maintained for 2 h followed by 24 h reperfusion in group Ⅱ-Ⅵ. In group Ⅲ-Ⅴ EI 3.5, 7.0 and 10.5 ml/kg were injected intraperitoneally (IP) immediately before reperfusion respectively. In group LE 30% lipid emulsion 10.5 ml/kg was given instead of EI. The neurologic deficit was assessed and scored (0 = normal, 4 = unable to move and unconscious). The animals were then killed and infarct size was measured. Results IP 8% emulsified isoflurane 7.0 and 10.5 ml/kg injected before reperfusion significantly reduced neurologic deficit scores and infarct size in group M-EI and H-EI as compared with group I/R. Conclusion Postconditioning with 8% emulsified isoflurane can protect the brain against focal cerebral I/R injury.

Objective To investigate the effect of preconditioning with emulsified isoflurane (eISO) on neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA1 region induced by focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Forty-eight healthy adult male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 8 each): sham operation group (group S); I/R group; eISO + I/R group (group EI); LY294002 (a specific PI3K inhibitor) + eISO + I/R group (group L+ EI); LY294002 + I/R group (group L) and DMSO (solvent for LY294002) + I/R group (group DMSO). Focal cerebral I/R was induced by 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO). A nylon thread (0.26 mm in diameter) with rounded tip was inserted into internal carotid artery and advanced cranially until resistance was met (depth of insertion about 18-20 mm) . eISO 10.5 ml/kg (120 mg/ml) was injected intraperitoneally (IP) in groups EI and L+ EI. LY294002 (25 mmol/L) 5 pi was injected into cerebral ventricle on the ischemic side in group L + EI ( at 30 min before eISO) and group L. DMSO 5 μl was injected into the cerebral ventricle on ischemic side before MCAO in group DMSO. Neurologic deficit was assessed and scored (0 = normal, 4 = unconscious) at 24 h of reperfusion. The animals were then killed and their brains were removed for detection of neuronal apoptosis (by TUNEL) and p-Akt expression (by immuno-histochemistry) in hippocampal CA1 region. Results Cerebral I/R significantly increased the neurologic deficit scores, the number of apoptotic cells and p-Akt expression in group I/R as compared with group S. Preconditioning with elSO attenuated the I/R-induced increase in neurologic deficit scores and number of apoptotic cells but further increased p-Akt expression. The neuroprotective effect of eISO preconditioning against I/R-induced changes was counteracted by LY294002. Conclusion eISO preconditioning can attenuate focal cerebral I/R-induced neuronal apoptosis in rats by activating PI3K/Akt pathway.

Damage of tissues and organs by wound,tumor resection,and congenital malformation is always the tough problems to clinician.At present,the damaged tissues and organs are usually replaced by tissue and organ transplantation or by bionic implantation in clinic.Although these methods have some advantages respectively,they have some serious drawbacks at the same times.Regenerative medicine,which depends on the findings of regenerative biology research,applies the cellular therapeutics based on cell transplantation and the principle of tissue engineering with biomaterial as scaffolds to the repair or replacement of the damaged tissues or organs.The goal of the regenerative medicine is to reconstruct the structure and restore the function of damaged tissues or organs by promoting the regenerative potential of adult stem ceils(ASC)in vivo.This paper focuses on the recent research progress in the field of regenerative biology and medicine.

Objective To discuss the surgical outcomes of atrial septal defects(ASD) by closing the ostium secundum via small chest incision.MethodsTotally 41 cases with ASD were treated by occlusion via a small incision(3-4 cm) at the right anterior chest.After cutting the pericardium,the right atrial was sutured with double ring and a special occluding device was inserted to close the ostium.Afterwards,under the guidance of transthoracical or transesophageal echocardiography,the satisfiable position for the occluder was confirmed by repeated testing with the protect string.After that,the right atrial and the occluder were sutured by a needle thread for fixation.ResultsOf the patients,the procedure was successfully completed in 39 cases.The mean operation time was 45 to 95 minutes(mean,60 minutes).The patients were discharged from our hospital in 3 to 6 days.No dislocation of the device or atrial shut was found in 2 to 24 months after the operation.Two patients were converted to open surgery because of failure in the occlusion.ConclusionOcclusion via small chest incision is safe,minimally invasive,and convenient procedure for ASD.

ObjectTo study comparatively the transdermal absorption of baicalin per five kinds of animal skin. Methods Improved Franz-call was used for the transdermal study, and the transdermal speed constants of baicalin per five kinds of animal skin were compared. Results The transdermal speed constants of baicalin per skin of mice, hairless mice, rabbits, rats, human are (67.31?23.66), (78.35?3.29), (117.35?29.48), (86.25?7.55), and (84.43?11.27) ?g/(cm2?h), respectively. Conclusion The transdermal absorption of baicalin per skin of hairless mice is more similar to that of human skin.

Objective To explore the CT and MRI manifestations and diagnosis of primary small intestinal lymphoma( PSIL) .Methods The CT or MRI in 28 cases of PSIL confirmed by surgical pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Results 28 PSIL patients were confirmed to be non-hodgkin's lymphoma,17 cases were found in terminal ileum or ileocecal junction,11 cases were found in jejunum,near and the middle ileum.All had different degree of bowel wall thickening;CT scan displayed soft tissue density,contrast enhanced CT images demonstrated mild-to-moderate enhancement,uniform enhancement;PSIL was manifested as thick intestinal wall or a mass with slightly hypointensity signal on T1 weighted image,hyperintensity on T2 weighted images,hyperintensity on DWI images and mild to moderate homogeneous enhancement on contrast enhanced T1 weighted images.12 cases of aneurismal dilatation;manifestations were irregular round thickening of intestinal wall with infiltration with expansive;10 cases of infiltrating type,mainly for bowel wall thickening;6 cases of polypoid mass type,density of soft tissue mass,stenosis lumen.Conclusion CT and MRI has obvious advantages in the diagnosis of PSIL, plays an important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Objective: To study the effects of compound transdermal enhancers on the transdermal kinetics of Baicalin. Methods: The uniform design was used for the selection of transdermal enhancers for the baicalin from various proportion of azone, propylene glycol and oleic acid. Results: The transdermal constant of baicalin is maxim when the proportion of is 6%,10%, and 0%, prespectively. Conclusion: The effects of compound transdermal enhancers is better than that of single one.