Objective In this study we investigated the expression and protective mechanisms of Hsp22 and VEGF in brain tissue following cerebral ischemic reperfusion in gerbils and whether they are correlative. Method Forty five gerbils were randomly divided into there groups: Normal Group (n =5) ,Sham-operated Group and Ischemia-Reperfusion Group (I/R). Sham-operated Group and I/R Group were divided into four subgroups (each group has five animals) : 6 hours group, lday group, 3days group, 7days group. Histological analysis of tissue injury was carried out by staining with haematoxylin and eosin haematoxylin and eosin (HE). Result The tissues of normal group and sham-operated group was integrated, but that of I/R were changed with gliocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophia, interstitial edema, cellular edema, gliocyte and neuron edema , neuron necrosis. The data presented here provided a positive correlation between expression of Hsp22 and VEGF. Conelusions There was a positive correlation between expression of Hsp22 and VEGF after gerbils brain I/R injury.