Objective To establish a method for the detection of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C→T mutation by real-time fluorescence PCR.Methods MTHFR 677 C→T mutation was detected in 300 healthy people by the technique of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and real time fluorescence PCR. Sequencing was performed to confirm the accuracy of detection results. Results Three genotypes (CC, CT and TT) were found with two methods in all the 300 people. There were no significant differences in genotype frequency and allele frequency between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Real-time fluorescence PCR is an accurate and rapid method for prompt grouping of MTHFR gene locus.

Objectives Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with less favorable outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and may result in increased post-operative morbidity and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to examine the risk factors of occurrence AF after CABG. Methods Using the Medline database, the Cochrane clinical trials database and online clinical trial databases, we reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies examining the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. We searched for literature published April 2009 or earlier. Results Our review identified 8 studies (observational studies), involving 14548 patients, that examined the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. Although studies provide conflicting results, the overall outcomes suggests that advanced age, previous hypertension, numbers of bridge vessels may increase the occurrence of AF after CABG, while no significant difference of diabetes, preoperative myocardial infarction, and preoperative medication of 13 -Blocker have been observed between the AF patients and no-AF patiens. Conclusions Patients with advanced age, previous hypertension and more numbers of bridge vessels had higher risk for the occurrence of AF after CABG, and perioperative medication and care must be intensified to decrease the postoperative occurrence of AF.

Objective To observe and assess the effect of different dosages of aspirin on inflammatory biomarkers, hemorheology (platelet aggregation rate) and clinical prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome ( ACS). Methods ACS patients were randomly assigned to receive different dosages of aspirin treatment orally. Patients in group A,B and C took 100 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg of aspirin per day respectively. They were treated and followed-up for 1 year. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hsCRP) , IL-6, tumor necrosis TNFot and platelet aggregation rate were examined and major adverse cardiac events( MACE) were recorded. Results A total of 312 patients with ACS were enrolled in the study. The baseline characteristics of the three groups were not different with respect to age, gender, cardiovascular risk profile, level of inflammatory biomarkers and concomitant treatment before and after randomization. The levels of baseline serum hsCRP, IL-6 and TNFa were higher in subjects of the study as compared with normal reference value (P<0. 05, <0. 05, <0. 01) and they decreased significantly after therapy with 3 different doses of aspirin (detected at 30 days, 6 months and 12 months, P <0. 001 ) , but there were no significant differences among the three groups( P >0. 05) . Rehospitalization , MACE and the change of platelet aggregation ratio were not significantly different among the three groups. The incidence of gastrointestinal complaints was significantly higher in groups B and C than in group A ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions The levels of serum inflammatory biomarker increase in patients with ACS. Aspirin therapy may decrease the level of inflammatory markers significantly, but increasing the dosage of aspirin from 100 mg to 1000 mg daily does not decrease the level of inflammatory markers and the clinical MACEs further. However, the incidence of gastrointestinal complaints increase significantly with the increase of aspirin dosage.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of bacterial community in upper gastrointestinal tumors.Methods:The study population was patients with upper gastrointestinal tumors (esophageal cancer and gastric cancer). Gastroscopy was performed on the enrolled patients ( n=17), and the specimens were taken from the tumor sites. At the same time, non-tumor tissues more than 4 cm away from the tumor tissues were taken as the control. After total DNA was extracted and purified, high-throughput 16S DNA gene sequencing was used to detect the microbiota in tumor tissues and control tissues. Bioinformatics analysis was carried out and the differences between groups were compared. Results:16S DNA PCR showed that there was no significant difference in bacterial load between tumor tissues and control tissues. The α-diversity and β-diversity indexes showed that the community composition of the two groups was similar; the samples were discrete and the colony composition was different, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. The results of Venn diagram showed that there were more operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in non-tumor tissues than in tumor tissues (2 068 vs 1 358), indicating that the bacterial species in normal tissues were more abundant than those in tumor tissues. Compared with the control tissues, the percentages of Prevotellaceae ( Prevotella), Lactobacaceae ( Lactobacillus) and Fusobacteriaceae ( Fusobacterium) in tumor tissues were relatively higher (the average percentage was more than twice that of the control). Further paired comparison of the top ten bacteria in the family and genus abundance of the two groups of samples showed that Pseudomonas decreased significantly in tumor tissues at the family ( P=0.041) and genus ( P=0.041) levels, while Prevotella was significantly enriched in tumor tissues at the family ( P=0.031) and genus ( P=0.007) levels. Conclusions:The bacterial community in the tumor microenvironment of the upper gastrointestinal tumor changed, and the species enriched in the tumor site were mainly oral common anaerobic bacteria, such as Prevotellaceae ( Prevotella), Lactobacaceae ( Lactobacillus) and Fusobacteriaceae ( Fusobacterium), especially Prevotellaceae ( Prevotella).