Humans ; Incisor ; Mandible ; Rare Diseases ; Tooth Crown ; abnormalities ; Tooth, Impacted

Objectives Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with less favorable outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and may result in increased post-operative morbidity and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to examine the risk factors of occurrence AF after CABG. Methods Using the Medline database, the Cochrane clinical trials database and online clinical trial databases, we reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies examining the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. We searched for literature published April 2009 or earlier. Results Our review identified 8 studies (observational studies), involving 14548 patients, that examined the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. Although studies provide conflicting results, the overall outcomes suggests that advanced age, previous hypertension, numbers of bridge vessels may increase the occurrence of AF after CABG, while no significant difference of diabetes, preoperative myocardial infarction, and preoperative medication of 13 -Blocker have been observed between the AF patients and no-AF patiens. Conclusions Patients with advanced age, previous hypertension and more numbers of bridge vessels had higher risk for the occurrence of AF after CABG, and perioperative medication and care must be intensified to decrease the postoperative occurrence of AF.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients after vascular free flap reconstruction performed under general anesthesia.Methods Two hundred and sixteen ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients aged 18-80 yr undergoing vascular free flap reconstruction surgery were enrolled in this study.Patient characteristics before and during operation were recorded.The patients were followed up for 5 days after operation.Their level of consciousness,severity of pain and sleep quality were evaluated daily.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the occurrence of delirium during the 5 days after operation:delirium group and non-delirium group.The method of CAM-ICU was reed in the diagnosis of postoperative delirium.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for postoperative delirium.Results logistic regression analysis showed that old age,history of alcohol abuse and sleep diacrder after operation were risk factors for delirium developed after free flap surgery.Conclusion Old age,history of alcohol abuse and sleep disorder after operation were the risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients after vascular free flap reconstruction performed under general anesthesia.

Objective : To analyze and discuss the effect of 4 different surface treatment methods on the bonding effect between polymerization porcelain and metal bracket s. Methods: 45 polymer-ceramics specimens were made and 40 of them were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups according to different surface treatment methods. A group:surface without special treatment. B group: 9.6% hydrofluoric acid gel combine with bonding agent, C group: 9.6% hydrofluoric acid gel combine with silane, D group: 35％ phosphoric acid gel combine with bonding agent, E group: 35％ phosphoric acid gel combine with silane. All specimens were stored in water for 24 hours at 37 ℃ after bonding 10 min utes and then cycled 500 cycles (5 ℃ to 55 ℃). To measure the shear bonding strength and record the damage cases and the adhesive remnant index. Results : The shear strength values were: 3.24 in the control group, 7.24 MPa in the hydrofluoric acid etching treatment group. 10.78 MPa in the hydrofluoric acid gel combined with silane group. 4.17 MPa in the phosphoric acid-only group, 6.84 MPa in the phosphoric acid gel combined with silane group. The results of each group were statistically different from those of the other four groups (P < 0.001). The rate of breakage after the removal of brackets of the hydrofluoric acid gel combined with silane group is higher than the others. Conclusion As to the high shear bonding strength and low rate of breakage after the removal of brackets, we recommend 35% phosphoric acid etching combining with silane coupling agent in clinical.