A great progress has been achieved in research on repair of nerve functional recovery following spinal cord injury because of the development of nerve tissue engineering.As an important part of nerve tissue engineering,cell scaffold is divided into natural biomaterials,synthetic materials and composite materials.Besides,nanotechnology has been applied to study scaffolds.However,there are many problems in the application of cell scaffold and further study is needed.With the continued development of biotechnique and cross-correlated technique,the cell transplantation scaffold will make more effect on repair of spinal cord injury.

With the rapid development and wide application of nano-techonology,the development of spine tissue engineering materials has been ushered into a brand field.Because of its unique effects of promoting cell adhesion,proliferation and function,nano-meterial will play more and more important role in the research on spine cord injury repair.

[Objective]To evaluate the incidence of postoperative residual numbness and the factors that influenced numbness in lumbar canal stenosis(LCS).[Method]Eighty patients with LCS including 24 males and 32 females,who were 27～78 years of age with an average age of 61.3,were operated by posterior decompression,and followed 10 days,1 month,3 months,1 year and 2 years after operation.All patients were examined by neurological findings and residual symptoms.[Result]In LCS,there were 82.1% of patients who complained numbness preoperativety.The incidence of residual numbness was 43.6%,39.1%,36.6%,35.3% and 35.7% after 10 days,1 month,3 months,12 months and 24 months,respectively.The factors that influenced residual numbness were related to stenosis types;JOA score before operation and the type of spinal canal stenosis were independent of age and nerve root diameter.[Conclusion]The lower limbs numbness recovered within 1 month postoperatlvely.The incidence of postoperative residual numbness was 35.3% and 35.7% in LCS after 1 year and 2 years.It is speculated that the potential of recovery of neural tissue is important for lower limbs residual numbness.

[Objective]To discuss incidence of nerve root stretch injury and threshold value of traction injury in lumbar interbody fusion from posterior rout approach. [Method]Totally patients were treated by lumbar interbody fusion performed with posterior approach using the safe nerve root retractor,the force of dragging nerve root and the retracting time were showed on the display device,while the latency and amplitude of the DSEP wave were measured with Keypoint to monitor the status of the neural function.JOA scores were followed up 10 days,1 month,3 months and 12 months after operation respectively.[Result]Nineteen cases occurred latency prolongation and wave amplitude digression during the operation,when the tensile strength to nerve root was(4.1? 0.45) N and accumulating strength was(42.89?2.96) N*min.The tensile force of aggravation groups exceed stable and improvement groups obviously,incidence of FBSS was higher than the other two groups.[Conclusion]Stretch injury of nerve root during operation is the main cause of earlier period FBSS after interbody fusion.Master single tensile force less than(4.1? 0.45) N or accumulating strength less than(42.89?2.96) N*min is presumed safety.

BACKGROUND:The effects of artificial joint replacement, osteotomy and reconstruction in the treatment of Crown Ⅳ-type congenital dislocation of hip in adult are not very satisfied. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of artificial total hip arthroplasty and hip-self procedure in the treatment of Crown Ⅳ-type congenital dislocation of hip in adult patients. METHODS:Twenty-three adult patients with Crown Ⅳ-type congenital dislocation of hip were treated with artificial total hip arthroplasty and hip-self procedure. There were 2 males and 21 females with an average age of (24.26±3.56) years ranging 20 to 35 years. The effect was evaluated according to the Harrris evaluation standard, and the statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al of the patients were fol owed-up for 12-60 months, averaged of (26.60±13.16) months. Statistical comparison with the SPSS 19.0 system showed there was significant difference of the Harrris scores between preoperation and postoperation period (P<0.05). The artificial total hip arthroplasty and hip-self procedure can be used to reconstruct the normal function of hip joint, relieve pain and increase the joint stability, which is considered as the best method for the treatment of Crown Ⅳ-type congenital dislocation of hip in adult.

BACKGROUND:Recently, periprosthetic femoral fractures have been a common complication after total hip replacement. Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures commonly received internal fixation due to stable femoral prosthesis and less bone defects.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of the application of Synthes cable system in the treatment of Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip replacement.
METHODS:From May 2009 to October 2012, 18 patients with Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures were treated with Synthes cable system in the Department of Orthopedics, Nantong First People’s Hospital. There were 8 males and 10 females with an average age of (62.67±8.67) years ranging 45 to 80 years. They received a further consultation at 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. The function of hip joint was evaluated by Harrris evaluation standard:ful marks, 100 points, ≥ 90 points, excellent;80-89 points, better;70-79 points, good;<70 points, poor.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al 18 patients were fol owed up for 6 to 43 months. Mean healing period was (19.06±4.04) weeks. Harris score was (22.3±3.6) points before treatment in 18 cases. Harris score was higher significantly at 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment compared with that before treatment (P<0.01), and the recovery of hip function was good. Results indicated that Synthes cable system could help to restore the normal anatomic structure of femur in the greatest extent, showing simple operation, little injury, high stability and high safety. It is an ideal method for treating Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures.

BACKGROUND: Pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of chronic compressive cervical myelopathy havenotbeen completely clarified.OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of experimental chronic compressive cervical myelopathy for the exploration of the pathological and electrophysiological changes after chronic spinal compression.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled observatory study using experimental animals as subjects.SETTING: An Animal Experimental Center of a University and an Orthopaedic Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of a Military Medical University MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Animal Experimental Center of Nantong Medical University and the Orthopaedic Laboratory of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital from June 2002 to April 2003. Sixty 12-week healthy Chinese rabbits of either gender with a bodymass between 2.5 kg and 3.0 kg were randomly divided into control group( n = 6) and study group( n = 54).METHODS: Titanic metal screw was put into C5 vertebra through cervical anterior approach for progressive compression to establish chronic cervical myelopathy model.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Principal consequences: ①histological examination ;②electrophysiological examination. Secondary consequence:neural function evaluation.RESULTS: Totally 48 rabbits entered into result analysis, in which 6 rabbits from control group and 42 rabbits from study group. Modified Tarlov's motor function evaluation was 3 in 31 rabbits with compression signs, and 4 in 11rabbits without compression signs. The latency of N1 wave in cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (CSEP) was (9.11 ± 1.61 ), ( 11.36 ± 2.17)and (17.55 ± 3.73) ms respectively in animals of control group, animals of study group without compression signs and animals of study group with compression signs. The lantency of CSEP N1 wave was significantly longer in animals of study group with compression signs than that of the animals in the control group and study group without compression signs (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: This animal model can simulate clinical invasion process of chronic compressive cervical myelopathy. The severer the spinal compression is, the more often the compression signs appear, the longer the lantency of CSEP N1 wave is, and the more serious the spinal pathological damages are.

BACKGROUND:Kinesin II family member 3A (KIF3A), as an important member of the kinesin-2 family, not only holds some general characters of kinesin including the regulation of intracel ular transport and mediation of microtubule movement, but also possesses its own specific features.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of the function of KIF3A recently.
METHODS:A computer-based online research for relative literatures published from January 1996 to July 2016 was performed in PubMed and CJFD databases using the English retrieval words of“KIF3A;kinesin;molecular motor”and Chinese keywords of“kinesin;microtubule;function;molecular motor;spinal cord injury”, respectively. A total of 92 articles were retrieved, and 62 eligible articles were included according to the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:KIF3A is involved in new bone formation regulation, in the control of nephron number, cell survival and gene expression, in sperm formation and in the inhibition of prostate cancer and glioblastoma process:In the meanwhile, whether KIF3A is involved in spinal nerve injuries is discussed. All provide valuable new information and new ideas for further in-depth study on the KIF3A.

Objective To investigate the aberrant methylation and expression of growth arrest and DNA-damage-in-ducible 45 gamma (GADD45G) gene in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Methods Bisulfite conversion-methylation specific polymerase chain reaction method (BS-MSP) and immunohistochemistry method were used respectively to detect the methylation status and protein expression of GADD45G in 138 GCA tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Re-sults The methylation status of GADD45G distal promoter (region 1) was not detected in GCA tumor tissues and corre-sponding normal tissues. For GADD45G region 2 and region 3, the BS-MSP results of region 3 were identical to that of re-gion 2. The methylation frequency of proximal promoter and exon 1 in GADD45G island 2 (region 2 and region 3) in GCA tu-mor tissues (49.3%, 68/138) was significantly increased compared to that in corresponding normal tissues (0, P＜0.01). The methylation status of this two sites in tumor tissues was associated with TNM stage of tumors (P＜0.05). The protein expres-sion of GADD45G in tumor tissues was significantly decreased than that in corresponding normal tissues (P ＜ 0.05),and threre was a significant negative correlation with methylation status of GADD45G proximal promoter and exon 1 (rs=-0.398). Conclusion The decreased expression of GADD45G by hypermethylation of proximal promoter exon 1 of the gene may play an important role in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

Background and purpose:RASSF10 acts as a kind of tumor suppressor in various tumor tissues, but researches in cardiac adenocarcinoma has not been reported. This study aimed to detect the methylation status and expression ofRas-association domain family 10 (RASSF10) in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and explore its role in occurrence and development of GCA.Methods:Methylation speciifc polymerase chain reaction (MSP), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry method were respectively used to detect methylation status, mRNA expression and protein expression ofRASSF10 in 81 GCA tissues and corresponding normal tissues.Results:The promoter methylation frequency ofRASSF10 in GCA tissues (64.20%, 52/81) was signiifcantly higher than that in corresponding normal tissues (20.99%, 17/81,P<0.05), and was closely correlated with TNM stages, differential degree and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). RASSF10 mRNA expression in GCA tissues (0.57±0.05) was significantly lower than that in corresponding normal tissues (0.78±0.02,P<0.05), and was closely correlated with TNM stages and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Protein expression of RASSF10 in GCA tissues (31.10%, 26/81) was signiifcantly lower than that in corresponding normal tissues (71.60%, 58/81,P<0.05), and was closely correlated with TNM stages, differential degree and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The promoter methylation frequency ofRASSF10 in GCA tissues was inversely related to its protein expression.Conclusion:Inactivation of RASSF10 caused by aberrantmethylation in the promoter region may be closely correlated with the GCA tumorgenesis.