BACKGROUND:Homing is the initial and key procedure of stem cel s-based tissue restoration. Current studies have shown that the inability to recruit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s to target tissue with high efficiency remains a significant barrier to tissue restoration. Preconditioning strategy provides a new insight to promote stem cel homing. OBJECTIVE:To review preconditioning strategies for promoting the homing of stem cel s. METHODS:In PubMed database, different combinations of terms from“stem cel , mesenchymal stem cel s, preconditioning, homing, migration”served as search terms to retrieve articles referring preconditioning strategies for promoting mesenchymal stem cel homing published from January 2000 to September 2015. According to the inclusion criteria, 72 articles were selected for final review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Pretreating target tissue or mesenchymal stem cel s ahead of cel transplantation, known as tissue preconditioning or cel preconditioning, prominently promotes the homing of mesenchymal stem cel s, therefore enhancing tissue restoration effect. Tissue preconditioning is designed to up-regulate expression of chemokines by varying the local microenvironment, thereby increasing homing ability of mesechymal stem cel s. Mesenchymal stem cel preconditioning strategies, for example, gene modification and cytokine induction, are mainly to up-regulate expression of chemokine receptors on the surface of mesenchymal stem cel s as effectors, and thus promote targeted cel homing. Overal , preconditioning strategy wil bring great hope to apply stem cel therapy into the clinic.

Objective To evaluate the effects of unwarmed and warmed irrigation fluid on patients’ vital signs during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP),and to investigate the related factors affecting the safety of TURP. Methods A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned to receive unwarmed (21℃,n=40)or warmed (37 ℃,n=60)irrigation fluid during TURP.Pre-operatively,their age,body weight,IPSS,ratios of heart, brain, lung complications,intra-operative anesthesia modes,irrigation time, irrigation fluid amount,resected prostate weight and blood transfusion amount were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Intra-operatively,their mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate(HR),body temperature(T),blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2) and osmotic pressure of plasma (Osm) were observed dynamically based on the operating time. Results In patients of unwarmed group,after 45 min in the process of TURP,on an average MAP was decreased by 7.6 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa;F=1.334,P=0.262);HR was reduced by 21.6/min (P

Objective To evaluate the cost differences in two groups of BPH patients undergone suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy or TULVP. Methods A comparison of the cost-effectiveness was undertaken,including days of catheter indwelling and hospitaliztion,follow-up results,cost financial expense as related to different operative procedures. Results In TULVP group,the days of catheter indwelling and hospitalization were significantly shortened and the total expenditure was decreased (P

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by pain, oppressing sensation, or discomfort associated with the bladder, accompanied by lower urinary tract symptoms, lasting for more than 6 weeks (or 6 months). Since IC/BPS was first reported, its diagnosis and treatment have been a challenge to clinicians. This article will review its classification and phenotype, fundamental research, imaging, symptom score, cystoscopy, treatment and potential therapeutic targets.

Comprehending coexisting overactive-underactive bladder (COUB) contributes to the exploration of lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS). This article reviews the definition, possible pathophysiological mechanisms, symptoms and diagnosis, as well as treatment options of COUB, so as to enhance the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of lower urinary tract symptom.

Objective To analyse the effect of mobilization and collection's time of peripheral blood stem cells(PBSC) from 8 cases of healthy donors. Methods The 10 donors were studied by self-control design.The number of aphereses was two times every donors. Healthy donors received rhG-CSF according to two different PBSC collection starting time: group 1:PBSC collection was starts 2 hours(2 h) after the fourth day or the fifth day of rhG-CSF. group 2:PBSC collection was starts 4 hours(4 h) after the fourth day or the fifth day of rhG-CSF.(The first dose of rhG-CSF was given on day 1, considering day 0 as the day before starting mobilization). In this study we have compared with two groups of apheresis product. Results The MNC count was significantly higher for donors 4 h collection (groups 2) then 2 h. ( groups 1)(P

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of Cyclospora cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium ssp. infection in diarrhea cases of Yunnan Province. Methods To collect fresh faeces from diarrhea cases in 7 counties/cities, examine the specimens by direct smear with iodine staining and modified acid-fast staining. Results The infection rate of C. cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium ssp. was 3.97% and 5.29%, respectively. The infection rate of the two pathogenic coccidians was as high as 10.64% and 8.51% in preschool children. C. cayetanensis was found in 3 counties and Cryptosporidium in 6 counties. Conclusion Both C. cayetanensis and Cryptosporidium ssp. are prevalent in Yunnan Province with the latter distributed more widely, and the two pathogens are more prevalent in preschool children.

OBJECTIVETo obtain streptavidin-tagged human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (SA/hGM-CSF) fusion protein and evaluate its bioactivity .

METHODSPET24a-6His-SA-L-hGM-CSF and PET24a-hGM-CSF-L-SA-6His plasmids were constructed and expressed in Rosetta (DE3) host bacteria to generate the fusion proteins. The two fusion proteins were refolded by gradient dialysis after Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and finally purified using DEAE-sepharose FF anion exchange chromatography. MTT method was used to evaluate the effect of SA/hGM-CSF fusion proteins in inducing the proliferation of human erythroleukemia cells (TF-1). The efficiency of the fusion proteins for surface modification of biotinylated MB49 tumor cells was evaluated by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe recombinant fusion proteins SA-hGM-CSF and hGM-CSF-SA were highly expressed in Rosetta (DE3) at about 20% of the total bacterial proteins, with a purity of about 96% after purification. The two fusion proteins exhibited bifunctional activities, namely the pro-proliferation effect on human erythroleukemia cells (TF-1) and SA-mediated high-affinity binding to biotinylated cell surfaces (with an anchoring modified rate of about 99%).

CONCLUSIONSA/hGM-CSF bi-fusion proteins obtained in this study lays the groundwork for the development of cancer cell vaccines with surface modification by hGM-CSF.

Biomarkers ; Cancer Vaccines ; biosynthesis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; biosynthesis ; Humans ; Membrane Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Plasmids ; Streptavidin ; chemistry

Enzalumide has not been approved for therapy in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients in China. This study retrospectively analyzed the response to treatment of Enzalutamide as first-line neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for mHSPC. A 69-year-old man with prostate cancer characterized with clinical staging T 3bN 1M 1b, tPSA 240.69ng/ml and Gleason score 8, was administrated with Enzalumide as neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for 6 months. Re-examination for prostate MRI indicated the prostate, tumor lesion and the enlarged lymph nodes in the pelvic cavity were significantly smaller than before. Therefore, a robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy was performed. Postoperative pathology showed resection margins were negative and no metastasis was observed in lymph nodes of pelvic cavity. After the operation, adjuvant hormonal therapy was performed. Blood tPSA was 0.016ng/ml at 6 weeks, and no tumor recurrence or enlarged lymph nodes were found in pelvic MRI at 6 months. Therefore, in this case, Enzalutamide as first-line neoadjuvant hormonal therapy can reduce the clinical staging of mHSPC, which may allow surgical resection of the tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method to isolate, culture and identify bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from inbreed line miniature pig of Wuzhishan (ILMW) in vitro, to compare the biological characteristics of BM-MSCs derived from different pigs, and to supply BM-MSCs for investigating the repair mechanisms of renal injury in ILMW aft er unilateral ureteral obstruction. METHODS: Four or 10-months old ILMW (n=4 per group) were selected and 5 mL of bone marrow fluid was extracted at 1 cm position from iliac wing edge. Mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient method, then were cultured in the complete medium containing 3 different kinds of fetal bovine serum (FBS) (10% FBS, 12% FBS or 15% FBS). The cells of Passage 1, Passage 3, Passage 5 or Passage 11 were collected to examine biological characteristics including morphology, phenotype, differentiation ability, growth curve and cell cycle. RESULTS: The BM-MSCs were attached to the culture dishes, which were fibroblast-like or whirlpoollike. Primary cultured cells began the adherence at 18 h and entered a logarithmic phase in the 6th day. Eighty percent of them were fused in the 9th day. There were no obvious anomalies in the subcultured cells. The expressions in cell surface antigens of CD29, CD44 and CD90 were positive, while the expressions of CD34 and CD45 were negative. There was no statistically significant difference between cells from different generations (all P>0.05). Under condition of osteogenic induction, alizarin red staining was positive at the 18th day, and alcian blue staining was positive at the 21th day. Cell cycle examination showed that the rate of G0/G1 was about 81.45%. CONCLUSION BM-MSCs of ILMW has advantages of earlier adherent time, more active proliferation, shorter cell subculture cycle, and stable biological characteristics after subculture, which is one of the best kinds of BM-MSCs coming from swine in mainland of China.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; China ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; cytology ; Swine