Objective:To study the effect of melatonin(Mel),a potent antioxidant,on the oxidative stress and the activity of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in diabetic rats.Methods:Male SD rats were assigned to the following 4 groups:normal control(treated with 2% ethyl alcohol lavage\[NC,n=6\]),diabetes mellitus control(treated with 2% ethyl alcohol lavage \[DM,n=7\]),diabetes mellitus model group 1(treated with Mel lavage \[10 mg?kg-1?d-1,DM+Mel1,n=6\]),diabetes mellitus model group 2(treated with Mel lavage \[0.2 mg?kg-1?d-1,DM+Mel2,n=6\]).Diabetes in DM group,DM+Mel1 group and DM+Mel2 group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotacin(65 mg/kg).Blood glucose,body weight and adrenal gland weight/body weight(AW/BW)were determined in the 4 groups 12 weeks later;malondialdehyde(MDA)was examined with visible spectrophotometry;blood total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)were examined with enzymology method;blood corticotrophin-releasing hormone(CRH),adreno-corticotrophic hormone(ACTH)and corticosterone(CORT)were examined with radioimmune method.Results:Blood glucose,MDA,TC,TG,CRH,ACTH,CORT and AW/BW in DM group were significantly higher than those in NC group(P

Objective To study the effect of sodium hyaluronate on the expression of transforming growth factor-β3(TGF-β3) and Smad 6 of the epidural scar tissue. Method Totally 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:the control group(A, n = 30), sodium hyaluronate group(B, n = 30). 0.25 × 1 cm2 dura mater uncovered area laminectomy was performed at L4 and L5, covered with 0.3 ml sodium hyaluronate in group B, covered with same amount of saline in group A. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. The specimens were prepared for determination of the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad 6 at scar tissue and the degree of scar adhesion according to Rydell method, and observed the ultrastructure changes of scar tissue with transmission electron microscope. Results At 2 weeks after operation, the expression of TGF-β3 mRNA of two groups were 0.22 and 0.257 ( P = 0.027), respectively. At 4 weeks, group B was was increased significantly, and the mean numbers were 0.362 and 0.411 (P = 0.006). At 8 weeks, the expression of TGF-β3 mRNA of group A was increased significantly, too, but the difference between two groups was significantly, they were 0.427 and 0.470 (P =0.015), respectively. The trend of the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad 6 mRNA was similar. At 2, 4, 8, weeks, the expression was 0.169 and 0.205 (P = 0.089), 0.294 and 0.351 (P = 0.031), and 0.469 and 0.543 (P = 0.021), respectively.In group B the duramater adhesion was decreased (P ＜ 0.05), the proliferation of fibroblasts and fihroblastic function were inhibited (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Sodium hyaluronate up-regulated the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad6 and reduced the proliferation and collagen synthesis in fibroblast culture in the scar tissue.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the etiology of acute respiratory tract infection(ARI)in Hefei area and risk factors that may influence the distribution of common pathogens.METHODS Direct immunofluorescence assay was applied to detect the respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza virus A(FluA),influenza virus B(FluB),parainfluenza virus PIV(1,2,3)and real time fluorescent quantitation polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR)was applied to measuring Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)and Chlamydia pneumoniae(CP)in nasopharyngeal secretions and sputum specimens.RESULTS Among 530 cases included in this study,421 cases (79.43%)showed positive viral etiology.ADV accounted for 73(13.77%),FluA-68(12.83%),FluB-56 (10.56%),RSV-48(9.05%),PIVl-47(8.86%),PIV3-42(7.92%),PIV2-33(6.22%),MP-32(6.03%)and CP-22(4.15%).The detected positive rate of pathogens isolated in winter was the highest(85.07%).CONCLUSIONS Acute upper respiratory tract infection(AURTI)is common and more than 75%pathogens in Hefei area are virus in which the most commonly virus is ADV.Meanwhile atypical pathogens of infection should not be ignored.

Objective To set up the medical quality information statistics resource database of No.1 Military Medical Project by data warehouse technology. Method The front-end display tool of OLAP is applied to the setup of the database. Result OLAP platform is established and convenient query, statistics can be realized. Conclusion A great deal of aid decision making information can be got. Thus, the hospital resource utilization and medical quality management are improved.

The advances of industrial biotechnology highly depend on the development of industrial bioprocess researches. In China, we are facing several challenges because of a huge national industrial fermentation capacity. The industrial bioprocess development experienced several main stages. This work mainly reviews the development of the industrial bioprocess in China during the past 30 or 40 years: including the early stage kinetics model study derived from classical chemical engineering, researching method based on control theory, multiple-parameter analysis techniques of on-line measuring instruments and techniques, and multi-scale analysis theory, and also solid state fermentation techniques and fermenters. In addition, the cutting edge of bioprocess engineering was also addressed.
Bioengineering ; history ; Bioreactors ; Biotechnology ; Chemical Engineering ; China ; Fermentation ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century

Objective: To study the effect of enteral nutrition in the treatment of heart failure with hyponatremia.Methods: Forty patients sufferd from heart failure with hyponatremia were divided into two groups at random: control group(n=20) with regular therapy and treatment group(n=20) with enteral nutrtion on the base of regular therapy.Time intervals from hyponatremia to normal natremia of the two groups were compared.Results: Time interval from hyponatremia to normal in the treatment group was 5.30?1.82 days,and that in the control group was(8.85?2.44) days.Conclusion: The treatment with enteral nutrition can significantly shorten the clinical treatment time in heart failure with hyponatremia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the number of γδT cells in the peripheral blood from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and their correlation to disease activity.MethodsγδT cells were detected in the peripheral blood from 42 SLE patients and 20 normal controls by flow cytometry.Anniex-V/Pl double-staining flow cytometry was employed to observe the proportion of the apoptotic γδ and CD3+ T cells in 6 SLE patients with active disease and 6 normal controls,respectively.The levels of plasma anti-nuclear antibody and anti-dsDNA antibody were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Data were analyzed with t test and Pearson's correlation test.ResultsThe percentages of γδT cells were remarkably down-regulated in SLE patients [(3.0±1.8)％ ] with active disease compared with that of those patients with inactive[(5.3±3.0)％] disease and normal controls [(6.8±2.8)％](t=-3.071 and -5.913 respectively,both P＜0.01 ).The absolute number of γδT cells decreased significantly in SLE patients with active disease[ ( 1.7± 1.6)× 107/L ] than those with inactive SLE [ (5.3±3.6)× 107/L ] (t=-3.292,P＜0.01 ),and both were lower than the normal controls [ (10.1±5.0)×l 07/L] (t=-7.247 and -2.905 respectively,both P＜0.01 ).There was a negative correlation between systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) andT cell counts in 30 SLE patients with active disease (r=-0.365,P=0.047).γδT cell percentage (r=-0.336,P=0.030) and counts (r=-0.410,P=0.007) were both inversely correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate,but positive correlation were found between hemoglobulln and γδT cell counts (r=0.409,P=0.007).The apoptosis ofγδT cells in SLE patients was more common than in normal controls(t=2.886,P＜0.05 ).The number of apoptotic γδT cells was higher than that of CD3+ T cells in SLE patients (t=2.952,P＜0.05 ).Conclusion γδT cells of the peripheral blood of SLE patients are down-regulated partially due to excessive apoptosis,which may correlate with the disease activity.

Objective To compare the biomechanical pull-out strength (POS) of three different fixations in upper thoracic vertebras using translaminar screws (TLS), translaminar facet screws (TLFS), and transpedicle screws (TPS), respectively. Methods Nine fresh human cadaveric cervicothoracic junction spines specimens which including T1-T3 vertebras were harvested. The vertebras specimens were scanned using dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry for bone mineral density. Both of screw insertion techniques at each vertebrae was randomized. All the screw insertions were based on direct observation and the CT scan on the pedicles. The peak of insertional torque (IT) was recorded and axial pull-out testing was performed to simulate intraoperative failure of fixation. Results The mean peak IT of the TFLS, TPS and TLS were (0.43±0.01), (0.40±0.01), (0.35±).01) N·m, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the TFLS and TPS, and between the TPS and TLS was same. But the TFLS generated statistically greater peak 1T in comparison with the TLS(t=-13.86, P＜0.05). The mean POS of TLFS was (771±106) N,which had no statistically significant difference in comparison with the TPS(733±65) N. And the TLS (663±86) N was same. But the TFLS generated statistically greater POS in comparison with the TLS (t=9.907, P＜0.05). The peak IT showed a strong positive correlation with POS in three screw techniques. Bone mineral density correlation with POS in all methods of fixation. Conclusion It was not a significant difference to compare POS of TLS and TLFS to that of TPS respectively. TLS and TLFS appear to be a biomechanically sound alternative in the upper thoracic spine, and appear to be a safe and effective technique for instrumenting the upper thoracic spine.

Objective To assess the treatment of splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) and prognosis.Methods Clinical data of 18 SAA patients treated in our hospital from 1999 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 18 patients diagnosed as SAA,including 7 males and 11 females.The average age was 53.8 ± 7.3 years.8 patients were asymptomatic found by routine physical examination,7 patients complained upper left abdominal pain,3 cases suffered from aneurysm rupture. Diagnosis was established by three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3DCTA) in 14,Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in 3 and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in 1 patient.Three patients with ruptured splenic artery aneurysm underwent emergent operations,11 patients underwent elective surgery or interventional therapy.Surgical procedures included aneurysmectomy and splenectomy in 4 patients,distal pancreatectomy in 5 cases; aneurysmectomy and splenic artery ligation in one patient; and aneurysmectomy with splenectomy and colon resection in 1 case.Interventional embolization by coils of the splenic aneurysm in 3 patients.The remaining 4 being asymptomatic and with tumor diameter less than 2 cm were put on a close follow-up.There was no perioperative mortality.Two were lost to follow-up.16 cases were followed-up for averaging 3.2 years. 1 patient died of cerebral hemorrhage after four years. Conclusions Splenic artery aneurysms was a rare disease and with usually occult symptoms,but rupture can leads to abdominal apoplexy.Open surgery and minimally invasive endovascular treatment is effective and offers a good prognosis.

Objective:Mutation in the gap junction beta 6 (GJB6) gene has been reported to be associated with an autosomal dominant disorder hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), characterized by congenital nail clubbing, alopecia and palmoplantar keratoderma. The aim of this study is to investigate relationship between genetic mutation in GJB6 and HED in an affected Chinese family.
Methods:We selected a Chinese HED family consisting of a total of 17 individuals including 8 HED patients (5 males and 3 females). The whole coding region of GJB6 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced.
Results:Sequence analysis identified a heterozygous missense mutation c.31G>A (p.G11R) in GJB6 gene of affected individuals, but not in healthy individuals.
Conclusion:A c.31G>A (p.G11R) missense mutation in GJB6 gene is the genotypic characteristic for HED in Chinese population.