OBJECTIVE:To establish the HPLC fingerprint for Anemone raddeana. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phemomenex Gemini C18 with mobile phase of 0.1%phosphoric acid-acetonitrile(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 206 nm,the column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 20μl. With the refer-ence of raddeanin A,13 batches of A. raddeana were analyzed,chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system software was conducted for similarity analysis,and SPSS 13.0 was conducted for cluster analysis. RESULTS:There were 11 common peaks in the 13 batches of A. raddeana with similarity of higher than 0.90. According to the verification,the fingerprint and control fin-gerprint shows good consistency. The drugs in Huadian,Jiaohe, Tiangang,Shulan,Tonghua and Fusong of Jilin and Shangzhi of Heilongjiang were regarded as category 1,and in Harbin,Yabuli town and Yimianpo of Heilongjiang,Qingyuan of Liaoning,Ji-nan of Shandong were category 2. CONCLUSIONS:The established fingerprint can provide reference for the identification and quality evaluation of A. raddeana.

Objective To introduce the application of computer aided technology in the treatment of pelvic malunion and observe the effect of this technique on the operation.Methods Data of 9 consecutive patients with pelvic malunion who were enrolled in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2012 were retrospectively observed.There were 4 patients who had undergone surgery with computer aided technology,including 3 men and 1 woman with an average age of 34 years (computer aided technology,CAT) group.According to the Tile classification,4 cases were all type C.There were 1 case with open pelvic fractures,2 associated with the craniocerebral injury,2 associated with the thoracic injury and 2 associated with the abdomen trauma.There were 5 patients who had undergone surgery without computer aided technology,including 3 men and 2 women with an average age of 32.6 years (conventional group).According to the Tile classification,4 cases were all type C.There were 1 case with open pelvic fractures,2 associated with the craniocerebral injury,3 associated with the thoracic injury and 1 associated with the abdomen trauma.The Majeed score,the visual analogue score (VAS),operation time,blood loss,blood transfusion,intraoperative fluoroscopy,degree of improvement in lower limb length,iatrogenic injury and the complication were all recorded respectively.Results For the CAT group,the operation time was 195-230 min,the blood loss was 800-1 6 00 ml,the blood transfusion was 6-16 U,intraoperative fluoroscopy was 6-11 times and the degree of improvement in lower limb length was 2-3 cm.The Majeed score in the final follow-up was 78-90 points,including 3 excellent cases and 1 good.The VAS after surgery was 0-4 points.For the conventional group,the operation time was 210-330 min,the blood loss was 600-4 500 ml,the blood transfusion was 6-28 U,intraoperative fluoroscopy was 7-18 times and the degree of improvement in lower limb length was 1-3 cm.The Majeed score in the final follow-up was 79-89 points,including 3 excellent cases and 2 good.The VAS after surgery was 1-4 points.Conclusion Surgeons can make full preoperative planning by the computer aided technology before the operation.This technology which reduces the operation time can make the operation more accurately,effectively and safely.

Objective To observe the expression of cytokeratin 14,15 (CK14,CK15) expression level in normal esophageal tissues and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues of different differentiation degree and to analyze the relationship between occurrence,development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and CK14,CK15 expression level.Methods Esophageal squamous epithelial tissue from 55 cases of carcinoma tissues and 55 cases of adjacent tissues were collected.Immunohistochemical method was used to compare CK14,CK15 and PCNA expression levels in esophageal squamous carcinoma.Results Expression positive rates of CK14,CK15 and PCNA in esophageal squamous carcinoma were 72.7 ％ (40/55),63.6 ％ (35/55) and 65.5 ％ (36/55),respectively,and PCNA expression was correlated with CK14 or CK15 expression (C =0.585,P ＜ 0.001; C =0.405,P ＜ 0.001).CK14 and CK15 levels were higher in high differentiation carcinoma tissue than those in low differentiation carcinoma tissue,and PCNA expression level was increased in low differentiated carcinoma tissue.CK14,CK15 and PCNA were expressed located in base layer of esophageal squamous epithelial adjacent to carcinoma tissue,and their expression positive rates were 56.4 ％ (31/55),52.7 ％ (29/55) and 56.4 ％ (31/55).CK14 and CK15 levels were higher in esophageal squamous epithelial tissues of far-cut edge than those in tissues of near-cut edge (intraepithelial neoplasia).There were no associations between CK14,CK15 expression and the clinical parameters (P ＞ 0.05).Postoperative survival time in patients with CK14 or CK15 positive expression was shorter than that of patients with negative expression (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CK14 or CK15 positive expressions localized to base layer of esophageal squamous epithelial adjacent to carcinoma tissue may play some roles in generation and differentiation of esophageal squamous cell cancer.CK14 or CK15 positive expression in esophageal squamous carcinoma involves in differentiation process.Joint detection of CK14 and CK15 expression has clinical application value for early diagnosis,the degree of differentiation and prognostic judgment in esophageal squamous carcinoma.

Objective:To assess the effects of preoperative intravenous injection of tranexamic acid and postoperative local use of elastic bandage on blood loss in complex tibial plateau fractures (Schatzker types Ⅴ-Ⅵ).Methods:A sequence randomly generated by computer was used to randomize a cohort of 40 patients into 2 groups who were to receive surgery at Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Hong Hui Hospital from June 2018 to January 2019 for complex tibial plateau fractures. They were 24 men and 16 women, aged from 35 to 55 years (average, 46.0 years). In group A, intravenous injection of normal saline was conducted 5 to 10 min before surgical incision and no elastic bandage was used after surgery. In group B, a dose of 15 mg/kg tranexamic acid was intravenously given 5 to 10 min before surgical incision and elastic bandage was used to bandage the knee with compression after surgery. The 2 groups were compared in terms of total blood loss, hidden blood loss, transfusion rate, 48-h drainage flow, venous thromboembolism, postoperative wound complications, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS), and D-dimer value 24 h after surgery.Results:There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in age, gender, body mass index, smoking history, concomitant medical conditions, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, preoperative hemoglobin, preoperative hematocrit, preoperative D-dimerization or fibrin degradation products, showing comparability ( P>0.05). In groups A and B, hemoglobin values 24 h after surgery were 104.6 g/L ± 10.4 g/L versus 113.3 g/L ± 11.9 g/L, drainage volumes 48 h after surgery 277.1 mL ± 229.2 mL versus 207.1 mL ± 124.3 mL, hidden blood loss volumes 318.0 mL ± 83.4 mL versus 266.2 mL ± 60.9 mL, total blood loss volumes 792.8 mL ± 202.8 mL versus 692.2 mL ± 124.9 mL, D-dimer values 24 h after surgery 5.1 mg/L ± 1.3 mg/L versus 4.1 mg/L ± 0.7 mg/L, postoperative VAS scores 5.2 ± 0.9 versus 3.9 ± 1.1, lower limb cross-section diameters 24 h after surgery 35.5 cm ± 3.0 cm versus 34.4 cm ± 2.6 cm, lower limb cross-section diameters 72 h after surgery 33.8 cm ± 2.1 cm versus 32.8 cm ± 2.3 cm, postoperative rates of wound ecchymosis hematoma 20.0% (4 cases) versus 0 (0 cases), and hospital stays 6.6 d ± 1.0 d versus 6.2 d ± 1.2 d. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in all the above items ( P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in incidence of postoperative DVT, pulmonary embolism or other wound complications ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Preoperative intravenous injection of tranexamic acid and postoperative local use of elastic bandage is reasonable and safe for complex tibial plateau fractures, because it significantly reduces intraoperative blood loss but does not increase the risk of venous thromboembolism, and thus has a positive role in accelerating the recovery of patients.

Objective:To assess the efficacy of a minimally invasive technique for repairing tibial plateau bicondylar fractures utilizing the double reverse traction repositor.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of the data of 31 patients (Schatzker V 17 cases, Schatzker VI 14 cases) who had been admitted to trauma center of Shandong provincial hospital affiliated to Shandong first medical university for tibial plateau bicondylar fractures from January 2017 to January 2022. There were 21 males and 10 females, aged from 18 to 67 years (average, 32.4±6.5 years). The intervention strategy comprised the use of a double reverse traction repositor and was augmented by precise screw fixation. A comprehensive set of parameters were measured, including time interval between injury and operation, operation time, blood loss, hospital stay, fracture healing time, incision complications. Postoperative assessments were made immediately and at the 12-month mark, including the evaluation of articular step-off height, medial tibial plateau angle, and posterior tibial slope angle. The evaluation also included thTime interval between injury and operation ranged from 5 to 11 days, with an average of 6.1±1.3 days. The surgical procedures varied in length from 70 to 160 minutes, averaging at 109.2±15.6 minutes. The volume of blood loss was noted to be between 90 to 380 ml, averaging at 176.5±20.8 ml. Hospitalization spanned from 10 to 15 days, with an average stay of 12.2 ±0.8 days. Over a follow-up duration of 12 to 20 months, averaging at 13.5±1.1 months, all patients achieved fracture union within a period of 11 to 20 weeks, with an average time of 14.6±1.5 weeks. The postoperative articular step-off was recorded at 0.45±0.13 mm immediately after surgery and 0.58±0.21 mm at the one-year follow-up. Similarly, the medial tibial plateau angle and posterior tibial slope angle showed marginal changes from the immediate postoperative period to the 12-month evaluation. Knee joint mobility at the one-year mark ranged impressively from 0° to 135°, with an average of 125.6°±2.1°. Functional outcomes as reflected by Rasmussen scores ranged from 18 to 28 points, with an average of 25.4±1.7 points. Pain, as assessed by the VAS, had a low score range of 0 to 2 points, averaging at 0.7±0.2 points. Notably, there were no postoperative complications associated with the incisions, such as fat liquefaction, infection, skin necrosis, or exposure of internal fixations. Additionally, no cases of delayed union or fixation failure were observed. Six patients had traumatic arthritis 1 year after operation.Conclusion:The minimally invasive double reverse traction repositor technique for tibial plateau bicondylar fracture repair is effective, warranting its broader application in orthopedic surgery.