Objective To investigate the protective effect of therapy with different combined neuroprotective agents.Methods Using suture occlusion technique,the right middle cerebral artery in rats was occluded.All animals were randomly assigned before surgery to following groups: control group,FDP-treated group,MK-801-treated group,NAC-treated group,combination-treated group and sham operation group.The apoptosis of neurons was detected with TUNEL stained.The expression of caspase-3 was detected with immunohistochemistry and Westernblot.Results After(6) and(24 h) of cerebral ischemia,both apoptosis of neurons and the expression of caspase-3 in the combination-treated group were significantly decreased than those in single agent group(P

Objective To investigate whether cocktailtherapy combined with of neuroprotectants may have more advantages over single agents in treating focal cerebral ischemic cascade Methods Use suture occlusion technique, the right middle cerebral artery in rats was occluded Tirty minutes later,Fructose 1,6 diphosphate(FDP)(50 mg/kg, n =20), MK 801(1 mg/kg, n =20) and N acetylcystein(NAC)(150 mg/kg, n =20) were singly or combinantly infused intraperitoneally At the same time the cocktail treated group ( n =20) were infused the above agents combinationtly and the control group ( n =20) were infused normal saline intraperitoneally. six and 24 hours after focal cerebral ischemia,the animals were weighted and neurologically assessed on 5 point scale The animals were killed; brain were stained with 2,3,5 triphenylte trazolinm chloride for assessment of the volume of infarction, and then embedden onto slides with paraffin for morphological assessment and terminal transferase dUTP nick ending labeling(TUNEL) were carried out for apoptosis and immunohistochemistry were carried out to investigate the changes in bcl 2 Results All neuroprotectants decreased the volume of infarction( P

The stigmatization of social system toward serious mental disorder patients is a long-standing problem,and it brings the stigma,which is prevailing throughout different patients with mental disorder.And that brought profound negative influences on the patients and their families.The patients with the stigma,they shame in social avoidance,worry about discrimination,even delay in diagnosis and treatment for various reasons,serious impact on their treatment,prognosis and quality of life.This article through the comprehensive analysis of the factors of the stigma among the patients with serious mental disorder in our country,and probes into how to reduce the stigma.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of systemic nursing intervention on constipation after coronary heart disease. Methods 145 patients were randomly divided into intervention and control group. Patients in invention group were given systemic nursing intervention, including diet, exercise, health education and so on. The patients in control group were treated with cathartic.Results There was significant difference between intervention and control group in incidence of constipation or related complication(P<0.05). Conclusion Systemic nursing intervention is helpful to reduce constipation and prevent the related complication.

Objective To study the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of peripheral neuropathy in patients with multiple sclerosis(MS).Methods As a total of 84 MS patients,the clinical and electrophysiological data were analyzed in 16 MS patients with the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy(PNMS group)and in 68 MS patients without peripheral neuropathy(NPNMS group).Results The incidence of peripheral neuropathy was 19.0%(16/84)in this group.The clinical symptoms included extremity numbness in 14 cases(87.5%),limb inertia in 12 cases(75.0%),and radicular pain in 4 cases(25.0%).Signs included decrease of tendon reflex in 15 cases(93.7%),periphery sensory disability in 13 cases(81.2%),and myatrophy in 5 cases(31.2%).The mean age in the PNMS group was(44.6?12.5)years vs.(32.2?11.5)years in the NPNMS group.The course of disease was(39.3?18.3)months vs.(31.6?17.2)months in the NPNMS group,there were significant differences in two groups(P

Objective To analyse the change of the distribution ratio or diagnostic and therapeutic interventional procedures for cardiac patients at different stages during the past 15 years. Methods According to the date of admission the patients were divided into 2 groups:Group A (from 1987 to 1994,425 cases) and group B (from 1995 to 2001,1 623 cases).The constituent ratio of case with coronary heart diseases,arrhythmias,congenital heart diseases and other cardiovascular diseases,as well as the distribution ratio of various kinds of interventional procedures undergone were calculated,and the date of the two stages were compared.Results The mean catheterizations per year of Group A and Group B were 53?18 and 232?156 respectively ( P

Objective To explore the quantity and ultrastructure of dopaminum (DA) neuron in nigra-striatum, pathological basis of the successful animal model of cerebral palsy (CP) by hyperbilirubinemia, to provide the evidence for clinical therapy and rehabilitation. Methods Thirty homozygous newborn rabbits (2~5 d) were randomly divided into 2 groups: a control group(n=10) and a model group(n=20). The rabbits in the control group were administrated bilirubin intraperitoneally, with a total dose of 300 mg/kg, while those in the model group were administrated with saline at the same dose. All the animals were fed well for 45 days until they were sacrificed for observation of the ultrastructure of brain tissue and quantification of DA neurons. Results The ultrastructure of nigra-striatum of the control group demonstrated significant changes; The quantity of nigra-striatum DA neurons of the control group decreased. Conclusion The ultrastructure of nigra-striatum of the control group has had obviously changes. The nigra-striatum DA neuron of CP rabbits was impaired and the quantity of nigra-striatum DA neuron of CP rabbits was reduced.

ObjectiveTo study change of aminoacid content in the brain of newborn rabbits with bilirubin encephalopathy. MethodsNewborn rabbits (3-5 days after birth) with bilirubin encephalopathy were induced by administration intra peritoneally with bilirubin (200mg/kg). Aminoacid content in brain were analysed by Hitachi 835 50 type aminoacid analysis instrument.ResultsThe content of glutamate and aspartate in brain tissue with bilirubin encephopathy decrease; GABA, alanine, tyrosine, valine and pheny lalanine increase. ConclusionsThe change of content of neurotransmitters in brain indicates that excitotoxicity of EAAs may contribute to the bilirubin encephalopathy. The increase of non neurotransmitters level proves that bilirubin may inhibit the biologic composition of protein in brain.

ObjectiveTo explore the noxious effect and the extent of damage in nigra-striatum neuron of bilirubin.Methods30 newborn rabbits were divided into 3 groups randomly:control group(group C,12 rabbits) which were injected normal salt intraperitoneally,model group 1(group N1,12 rabbits) which were injected bilirubin 100mg/kg intraperitoneally, model group 2(group N2,12 rabbits) which were injected bilirubin 200mg/kg intraperitoneally. All the rabbits in group C and 6 rabbits in group N1(group N1a) and group 2(group N2a) were killed 6 hours after injection.Other 6 rabbits in group N1(group N1b) and group 2(group N2b) were killed 16 hours after injection. The quantity of neuron in nigra-striatum were determined,and the changes of ultrastructure were observed by electron microscope.ResultsThe neuron in nigra-striatum in group N2b were decreased compared with group C and group N1a(P<0.05),as well as with group N1b and N2a. The ultrastructure of the neuron was changed.ConclusionsThe changes in utrastructure and the quantity of nigra-striatum neuron were associated with the concentration and time of exposure under bilirubin. It is consisted with the changes of ultrastructrue and quantity in nigra-striatum.

BACKGROUND: The risks in pregnancy to the developing fetus result in cerebral palsy after delivery. Therefore, the study on etiology of cerebral palsy should transfer to biological field of embryonic development and stress on multi-factor analysis on relevant environment of pregnant mother,hereditary factors and relevant diseases.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the main risks of incidence of infantile cerebral palsy.DESIGN: Pair design at ratio of 1:2 and Logistic regression analysis of multi-factors were applied.SETTING: Prevention Medical Research Room of Jiamusi University and Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 103 cases of infantile cerebral palsy were collected from Jiamusi Treatment and Education Center of Cerebral palsy,Shanyang Pediatrics Hospital and Qingdao Pediatrics Hospital from December 2002 to September 2003, of which, 68 cases were male and 35 cases were female. The guardians were in the know and agreed with the investigation. The pair principle at ratio of 1:2 was adopted, based on which, 206 cases of sick children with non-cerebral palsy and disorders in neurological system and healthy children treated at same period in the hospitals were collected as the control. The match conditions in the control were same sex, same nationality and difference in age ± 3 months.sy and healthy children was self-designed. The investigated items included mainly: Factors before delivery (hereditary factors): family history of similar disease; mother's factor: general situations, such as occupation, educational background and age of delivery; behavioral factors of birth: including times of pregnancy, times of delivery and abnormal delivery; healthcare and nutrient in pregnancy: such as examination before delivery and intakes of various foods; sickness or abnormal manifestations in pregnancy: including pathogen infection, pregnant syndromes and vaginal bleeding; medication in pregnancy, fetal placents factors: such as neck winding, mass weight of birth, twin pregnancy, factors during delivery (complications in delivery,methods of delivery) and neonatal factors (various kinds of disorders in neonates). Questionnaire of investigation was performed by looking-up medanalysis was done on single factor and multi-factors. The factors that presented statistical significance in single-factor analysis, significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) and P value near to 0.05 were adopted to establish the model of multiple Logistic regression of main risks of cerebral palsy and conditional Logistic regression analysis was carried on.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analysis on the effects of factors before delivery, during delivery and in neonatal phase on incidence of cerebral palsy.RESULTS: Totally 103 cases of cerebral palsy and 206 cases of healthy factors: Occupation of mother was associated with cerebral palsy. Worker and age ≥34 years were the risks of cerebral palsy (OR=13.333, 2.864,eating fish and sea products in pregnancy, pre-delivery body temperature,mass weight of birth ＞ 4 000 g and pregnant weeks of 37 to 42 were the protective factors of cerebral palsy (OR=0.028-0.576, P ＜ 0.05-0.01); abnormal delivery history and vaginal bleeding in pregnancy were the risks of ery: Apgar score and caesarian section were the protective factors of cerebral palsy (OR=0.458, 0.343, P ＜ 0.01); forceps delivery and delivery with oxytocin were the risks ofcerebral palsy (OR=16.338, 2.116, P ＜ 0.01,of newborn and neonatal intracranial hemorrhage were the risks of cerebral sion analysis: Forceps delivery was the highest risk (OR =70.668) and the sequence risk degree from high to low was asphyxia of newborn, elder age of pregnant mother, vaginal bleeding in pregnancy and abnormal mass weight of birth (OR=19.083-4.138, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). Eating fish and sea products in pregnancy and caesarian section were the protective factors (OR=0.324; 0.262, P ＜ 0.01, 0.05).CONCLUSION: Risks of cerebral palsy are mainly focused on pregnant period and perinatal period. It is suggested to prevent and eliminate actively various risks of cerebral palsy before, during and after delivery (such as forceps delivery, asphyxia of newborn, elder age of pregnant mother,vaginal bleeding in pregnancy and abnormal mass weight of birth) so as to reduce the incidence rate of cerebral palsy.