Objective To explore the risk factors and investigate the intracranial vascular characteristics in elderly patients with WSI. Methods According to imaging features of DWI,56 cases of WSI were divided into CWSI,IWSI and MWSI group. Distribution of intracranial vascular le?sions in different groups was compared. The degree of middle cerebral artery(MCA)and internal carotid artery(ICA)stenosis in different types of WSI was investigated. Results Among 56 cases,85.7%of them had a history of hypertension,53.6%had diabetes,62.5%had hyperlipoidemia, 51.8%had coronary heart disease(CHD),51.8%had smoking,and 73.2%of them had two or more risk factors. Totally 11 cases(19.6%)of them were cortical watershed infarction(CWSI),13(23.2%)of them were interior watershed infarction(IWSI),and 32(57.1%)of them were mixed cerebral watershed infarction(MWSI). Among all the patients,the incidence of MCA stenosis(37.5%)and ICA stenosis(53.6%)were signifi?cantly higher than the other intracranial vessels(χ2=37.188,P<0.001). The incidence of MCA stenosis in IWSI group was significant higher than CWSI and MWSI group(χ2=12.00,P<0.01). The incidence of ICA stenosis in MWSI group was significantly higher than CWSI group and IWSI group(χ2=11.10,P<0.01). Among all the patients,17 of them had severe stenosis or occlusion in MCA(30.4%),and 22 of them had severe ste?nosis or occlusion in ICA(39.3%). The incidence of severe stenosis or occlusion in MCA(58.8%)was significant higher in IWSI group(χ2=7.588,P<0.05)and those in ICA was significantly higher in MWSI group(χ2=7.091,P<0.05). Conclusion MWSI is more common in elderly patients with WSI. Most of the patients have more than one risk factors such as hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipoidemia,CHD and smoking. MCA and ICA lesions are more common than other intracranial vessels in elderly patients. IWSI is closely related with severe stenosis and occlusion of MCA,while MWSI is closely related with severe stenosis and occlusion of ICA.

Objective To explore the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and serum stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1)levels. Methods A community-based epidemiological field study for T2DM patients and non-T2DM subjects was conducted in Beijing,China. Every subject underwent physical examinations, biochemical tests of stromal cell derived factor 1 and so on,and completed a standardized questionnaire. A total of 756 subjects were recruited in our analysis ,including 267 T2DM patients and 489 non-T2DM subjects ,T2DM patients were further divided into 81 simple T2DM patients and 186 macrovascular complication patients on the basis of the status of macrovascular complication. The correlation between serum SDF-1 levels and T2DM was analyzed. Results Compared with non-T2DM group,the level of SDF-1 in T2DM group was higher(P=0.019). The level of SDF-1 in simple T2DM group was also higher than macrovascular complication group(P=0.044). In the multi-ple linear regression analysis,after adjustment for age,gender,smoking,drinking,dyslipidemia,hypertension and BMI,SDF-1 level in simple T2DM group was higher than macrovascular complication group(P = 0.049), still. Conclusions Simple T2DM patients had a higher serum SDF-1 level than T2DM patients with macrovascular complications as well as those who did not suffer T2DM,suggesting that the stromal cell derived factor-1 may play a certain role in the development of T2DM and macrovascular complications.