s Objective: To identify neural correlates for the recognition of familiar verbal voices by measuring regional blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods:Thirteen Chinese health male subjects (mean age 26.1 years, SD= 2.9years) participated in the study. All subjects were right-handed and Han nationality. The subjects listened to familiar (subjects' friends) and unfamiliar voices when functional scanning. Functional data were acquired using a 1.5T MRI (GE Systems, USA), and were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping 99 (SPM99). A fixed-effects model was employed to assess the difference in BOLD response between 'familiarity' and 'unfamiliarity' conditions (P

Objective To study the effect of an angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 (TNP )used alone and in combination with cytoxan(CTX) in the treatment of human ovarian cancer transplanted s.c. in nude mice. Methods Human ovarian cancer transplanted s.c. in nude mice model was established, then divided into 5 groups: control group, vehicle group, TNP group,CTX group and TNP+CTX group, different treatments were served from day 8 after transplantation and all mice were sacrificed after 28 days. The weights of the mice and the volumes of the tumors were measured respectively during the therapy time. Moreover, microscopy was done after H&E staining. Results The growth inhibiting rates in the TNP and CTX group were 26.1% and 33.9% respectively; After combined, the rate was increased to 70.5%. There were no obvious decrease in the weight of all treated mice. Conclusions Treatment with TNP is an potentially useful method of antitumor therapy in ovarian cancer, although the inhibition effects were not obvious in small doses. Moreover,TNP could enhance the effectiveness of antitumor drug.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of surgical treatment for diabetic retinopathy (DR) with diffuse diabetic macular edema (DDME) and massive subretinal hard exudates (MSHE) with vitrectomy, endolaser photocoagulation to the retina under perfluorocarbon liquid and long acting gas tamponade. Methods Fifteen eyes of twelve patients with DR complicated with DDME and MSHE admitted from October 2001 to December 2003 were enrolled for study, in whom 9 eyes were in 7 males and 6 eyes in 5 females. The patients were aged from 36~65 years (mean 53.4). The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), color fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography were recorded, and optic coherence tomography was performed preoperatively. Pars plana vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid removal, endolaser retinal photocoagulation under perfluorocarbon liquid and long acting gas tamponade were the therapeutic modalities used to treat the diseased eyes. Results Preoperative BCVA was finger counting to 0.05 in all 15 eyes. Improved vision was observed in eyes during 4~25 months of follow up period (mean 10.26 months), 0.03~0.04 in 2 eyes(13.3%), BCVA ≥0.09 in 13 eyes(86.7%), and 1 eye(6.7%)showed an improved vision from 0.04 to 1.0. Significant decrease in macular edema and retinal thickness were observed, and marlsed to complete absorption of intra-retinal and pre-retinal hemorrhage as well as MSHE was also seen. Conclusions Vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid removal, endolaser retinal photocoagulation under perfluorocarbon liquid and long acting gas tamponade may offer satisfactory effects in the treatment for DDME complicated with MSHE.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of scleral buckling operations on treating long-standing retinal detachment with subretinal proliferation. Methods The clinical data of 36 patients (40 eyes) with long-standing retinal detachment with subretinal proliferation who had undergone scleral buckling operation were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical features, therapeutic methods and curative effects were summarized. Results The diagnosis of long-standing retinal detachment mainly based on the examination of ocular fundus. The features of the affected eyes were: flat retinal detachment, thin and transparent retina, and formation of subretinal cords. In 40 eyes undergone scleral encircling and buclking, 36 (90%) had one-off successful operation, and the visual acuities over 0.05 were found in 77.5% of the whole eyes. Conclusions Scleral encircling and buckling procedures can be used to treat long-standing retinal detachment with subretinal proliferation with fairish cured rate.

Objective To confirm the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by semen and to investigate the impact of vaginal status on the transmission of T. gondii in female rabbits. Methods Sixteen male rabbits were infected with T. gondii by intraperitoneal injection each with 1 ×105 RH tachyzoites. Eight rabbits died in 8-14 d after infection.Artificial vagina was used to collect semen from male rabbits weekly before and after infection for 8 weeks. If more than 2 portions of semen from 8 survived male rabbits were collected after infection, the collected semen was mixed weekly for later use. Twenty-seven female rabbits were divided into 4 groups: group 1 with normal vagina (7 rabbits), group 2with wounded vagina (7), group 3 with trichomonas vaginitis (7) and group 4 with colpomycosis infection (6). Tachyzoites were found in mixed semen digested by trypsinase, and were used for endovaginal artificial insemination to female rabbits by uterine cavity tube once a week for 8 consecutive weeks. 2-3 d after every insemination, 2 ml blood was collected from helix vein of each rabbit, and stored at -40 ℃ for use. Anti-T. gondii antibody was examined by ELISA and the B1 gene of T. gondii was detected by PCR. Results Anti-T. gondii antibody was detected in some rabbits (2, 3, 1, and 1 rabbits from each of the groups respectively) on the 16th day after the first insemination. The positive rate of ELISA was 25.9%. The amplification of B1 gene (200 bp) by PCR appeared positive from the blood samples on the 3rd day after the first insemination and the last positive one was proved on the 51th day after the first insemination.Number of positive samples was 2, 1, 3 and 1 in the 4 groups respectively, with an overall PCR positive rate of 18.5%.Only 3 of the 27 rabbits were positive by both ELISA and PCR. Conclusions T. gondii can be transmitted by semen and the health status of vagina shows no impact on it.

Objective To explore the significance of language proficiency in bilingual perception in Chinese-English late bilingual subjects with block-design functional magnetic resonance imaging (bfMRI).Methods Thirteen right-handed Chinese Han healthy male late bilinguists who had limited English proficiency were scanned while listening to short sentences in Chinese and English.Based on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal efficacy,functional images were collected using a 1.5-T MRI.Statistical parametric mapping 2 (SPM2) was used to analyze the data of functional images (P＜0.001,KE＞ 100).Results For Chinese familiar voices,more significant activation was observed in the right superior temporal gyrus than that for English familiar voices.On the contrary,more significant activations for English familiar voices were observed in the left precuneus,middle frontal gyrus and left posterior cingulate cortex compared with that for Chinese familiar voices.For Chinese unfamiliar voices,more significant activations were observed in the right middle temporal gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus than that for English unfamiliar voices.In contrast,more significant activations by English unfamiliar voices were observed in the right inferior frontal gyrus,middle frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus compared with that for Chinese unfamiliar voices.Conclusion Language proficiency may play an important role in different language perception from auditory level.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of post bladder sparing surgery intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with intravesical chemotherapy for the treatment of T1G3 bladder urothelial carcinoma.MethodsSeventy-four T1G3 bladder cancer patients were enrolled in this study.After bladder sparing surgery,22 patients received intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with intravesical chemotherapy,while the other 52 patients were treated with intravesical chemotherapy only.There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in sex,age,the size and number of bladder tumor and newly diagnosed cases (P ＞0.05).Twenty-two patients were treated with intra-arterial chemotherapy of piarubicin or epirubicin (40 -60 mg)+ cisplatin (60 -80 mg) 2 or 3 weeks after bladder sparing surgery,3 times as a cycle,repeat every 4 - 6 weeks.All the patients received the same protocol of intravesical chemotherapy.With a median follow-up of 32 months,effects of combination therapy group were compared with intravesical chemotherapy group in the aspects of tumor-specific death rates,recurrent rate,progressive rate,recurrent interval and the adverse reactions.ResultsThe tumor-specific death rates of combination therapy group and intravesical chemotherapy group were 0％ (0/22) and 13.5％ (7/52),respectively.There was no difference between the 2 groups (P =0.096).The recurrent rates were 13.6％ (3/22) and 46.2％ ( 24/52 ) ； The progressive rates were 0％ (0/22) and 21.2％ (11/52).There were significant differences between the 2 groups in recurrent rate (P =0.000) and progressive rate (P =0.048 ).The recurrent intervals of the 2 groups were 15 months and 6.5 months.During the interval of intra-arterial chemotherapy cycle,12 patients suffered 1 -2 degree nausea and vomit,2 patients suffered hypoleukemia,2 patients suffered neutropenia,4 patients'liver function was impaired and 1 patient's renal function was impaired.All the adverse reactions were minimal and reversible.ConclusionsIntra-arterial chemotherapy combined with intravesical chemotherapy is effective in preventing T1 G3 bladder cancer from recurrence and metastasis after bladder sparing surgery.The adverse reactions of this protocol were minimal and reversible.

Objective To identify the anatomical basis for aging orbit-malar fold forming orbitmalar groove and its underlying mechanism.Methods Thirteen cadavers (26 hemifaces) were dissected in this study (9 male and 4 female heads).All specimens were fixed in 10％ formalin,with age ranges from 22 to 78 years.The lateral orbital region was dissected in layers by mieroinsrument using 10 X loupe magnification,especially at the palpebral and the lateral orbital part,and then the anatomy layer was described; the lateral orbital thickening (LOT) was performed carefully to evaluate whether there were multiple anatomical contributions to anatomy.Anatomic observations were systematically recorded,sketched,and photographically documented.Results The lateral orbital layers included skin,subcutaneous adipose tissue,orbicularis oculi muscle,middle temporal fascia,and periosteum.The lateral orbital thickening was a triangular condensation of fascia,which extended over the lateral orbital rim onto the adjacent medial tem~ral fascia,the lateral orbital thickening was measured (9.28 ±0.45) mm in transverse width from Vertex triangle to lateral canchal,the inner part of the LOT sanwiched between orbibularis and obital septum,which consisted of upper lid and lower lid part,the lower lid part presented transverse V shape,the top part of the transverse V was adhesive to fascial tissue over tarsal plate.The distance to lateral canthus angular was 21.69-37.21 mm,and the under part was adhesive to low orbital rim the low arm distance to lateral canthus angular was (13.55 ±0.52) mm.Vertex of.V to lateral canthus angular vertical distance was (11.35±0.27) mm.Conclusions The reason why aging orbit-malar fold forms orbital-malar groove is the atrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue and the middle temporal fascia fat.

Objective To analyse the clinico-pathologic characteristics,diagnosis,therapy and prognostic of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix(SCNCC).Methods The clinic-pathological features of 12 patients with SCNCC treated in Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,admitted during March 2006 to July 2010,were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 12 patients,the mean age was 38.7 years(rang 28-57 years),6 had stages Ⅰ b1-Ⅱa,6 had stagesⅡb-Ⅳ.Among 8 patients(Ⅰ b1-Ⅲb)underwent surgery,4 of them received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,8 of them received adjuvant chemotherapy and(or)radiotherapy.All had greater than one-half stromal invasion,4 patients had positive pelvic lymph nodes metastases.The positive ratio of the chromogranin(CgA),synaptophysin,neuronspecific enolase(NSE),cytokeratins(CK),CD56 tested by immunohistochemical staining were 8/12,9/10,4/4,4/4,4/4,respectively.Median follow-up period was 3 months(1-22 months).Among 8 patients underwent surgery,2 patients developed lung metastases,1 patient developed liver and lung metastases,1 patient developed liver metastases concurrently with bone metastases,disease-free survival (DFS)were 3 months(Ⅰ b2 with positive lymph nodes),4.6 months(Ⅱ a),7 months(Ⅰ b1),17 months (Ⅰ b2);2 patient died(8.5 and 11.3 months,respectively)after surgery;4 patients are alive and show no evidence of disease.Among 4 patients untreated,1 patients received concurrent chemoradiation and are alive for 10.1 months.Two patient untreated(Ⅲb,Ⅳ)died after 0.6 and 1.3 months final diagnosis,respectively.One patient Was lost follow-up.Conclusions SCNCC is a highly malignant tumor with rare morbility,propensity for distant spread and dismal prognosis.Final diagnosis of SCNCC depends on pathomorphology and immunohistochemical analysis.Combined therapeutic modalities may in favor of survival in some patients.

Objective To compare intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( LRH + LPL) with abdominal radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy ( ARH + APL) for patients with early-stage cervical cancer.Methods The consecutive cases with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅰ a2 - Ⅱ a cervical cancer who underwent surgery from Jan.1,2002 to Jan.1,2011 were documented,including 85 patients underwent LRH + LPL,and 85 patients underwent ARH + APL as control group.The clinical data of intraoperative,pathologic,postoperative outcomes and quality of life were compared between two groups.Survival data were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared with the log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.Results All but 2 surgical procedures were completed laparoscopically because of right common ihac vein vessel injuries.Mean operative time,it was longer for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (242 ±74) minutes vs.( 190 ±61 ) minutes,P =0.000 ].Mean recovery time of intestines function was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ (45 ± 7 ) hours vs.(63 ± 1 1 ) hours,P =0.000 ].Mean estimated blood loss was less for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL[ (367 ±252) ml vs.(460 ±220) ml,P =0.006].Mean recovery time of urinary function was less that for LRH + LPL than that for ARH + APL [ ( 19 ±4) days vs.(21 ±4) days,P =0.000 ].There were no significant difference in numbers of the pelvic lymph nodes resected,the extent of parametrial tissue,vaginal cuff,negative margins obtained and complications.The median follow-up was 32 months (range 4 to 105 months),there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540) and mortality rate (7％ vs.5％,P=0.540),5 years disease-free survival(90％ vs.94％,P =0.812),5 years over survival ( 90％ vs.95％,P =0.532 ).There were not significant difference in quality of life between ARH + APL group and LRH + LPL group( P ＞ 0.05 ).Only lympho-vascular space invasion was an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis (P =0.016).Conclusions For early stage cervical cancer,LRH + LPL has similar outcomes compared with ARH + APL.Laparoscopic treatment by experienced surgeons should be an ideal altemative.