High density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) has received extensive attention because of its cardiovascular protective effects.Recent studies showed that HDL could promote reverse cholesterol transport ( RCT ) , be anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, and induce angiogenesis. Apolipoptrotein A-I (apoA-I), the most abundant protein of HDL, plays a pivotal role in the HDL mediated-functional activities.Short peptides based on the amphiphilic alpha helix structure of apoA-I have been designed and aimed at imitating the function of apoA-I.The function and metabolism of these mimetic peptides depend on their amino acids component and sequence , and have been proved to exert protection in against cardiovascular disease , infection, inflammation and oxidative damage, metabolic syndrome and tumor.Clinical trials confirmed their benefits, but high cost put them out of the practical applications..

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mesohepatectomy for large and centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 136 pa tients who underwent mesohepatectomy for large and centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma at Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,from 2001 to 2007.Intraoperative/post operative data and long-term survivals were analyzed.Results Vascular occlusion time,operative time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion and hospital stay were (13.3 ± 9.1) min,(173.1 ±41.1)min,(548.7±320.5)ml,(511.4±231.7)ml and (18.6±8.8)d,respectively.Four patients developed major complications.There was no in-hospital death.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates and disease-free survival rates were 71％,46％,29％ and 65％,40％,24％,respectively.Conclusions Mesohepatectomy for large and centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma preserved the maximum amount of functional liver parenchyma.It is safe and reliable and may be used as the treatment of choice.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and endoscopic features of ulcerative colitis(UC). Methods The cases of UC were collected from 1975 to 2001. According to the diagnostic criteria of Chengdu conference, 486 and 490 patients were diagnosed as UC in our hospital from 1975 to 1994 and from 1995 to 2001 respectively. Their records were retrieved and the data were analyzed for sex, age, presentation, the course of the illness and lesion range. Results In the two groups from 1975 to 1994 and from 1995 to 2001, the proportion of patients diagnosed as UC under colonoscopy was increased from 3.51% to 4.44%. The ratio of male to female was 1.67 and 1.25 respectively. The mean age at the diagnosis increased from 42.4 years old to 51.5 years old, and the peak age was between 30 and 49 years old, between 40 and 49 years old and greater than 60 years old respectively. The typical clinical manifestations of UC were bloody mucopurulent stool, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Proctosigmoiditis or proctitis was found in 269 patients (55.4%) and 316(64.5%), left side colitis in 84(17.3%) and 68(13.9%), pancoltitis in 58( 11.9% ) and 70(14.3%) respectively. In the two groups, there were 437( 89.9% ) and 443(90.4%) patients who had the course of less than 10 years respectively. The definitive diagnosis of UC was dependent on biopsy. Conclusions The lesions of UC are commonly located in the left side colon, the course of UC is short, the age of onset is relatively high in the middle and old aged group, and the prevalence of both malignancy and complications is low. Colonoscopy with biopsy is considered to be the major means for the diagnosis of UC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of iNOS in the middle and late stage of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and the effect of L-Arginine(L-Arg) on these stage.MethodsThirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups.All rats except those in control group were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with a single dose (50 mg/kg) of MCT to induce PH.Then the L3 and L5 groups were injected ip with 500 mg/kg L-Arg daily for 3 weeks and 5weeks respectively,the M3 and M5groups received a daily ip injection of the same amount of saline as L-Arg for 3 weeks and 5 weeks respectively; the same amount of saline was injected ip daily in control group for 5 weeks.Right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP) was measured before lungs were excised for immunohistochemistry at the end of experiments. ResultsThe expressions of iNOS and elastin in M3 and M5 were higher compared to the control group,but L-Arg partly reduced the expressions of iNOS and elastin both at 3weeks and 5 weeks post-MCT.The reduction of eNOS expression in L3 and L5 groups were lower compared to M3 and M5 groups,but the eNOS expression in L3 and L5 groups were still lower than control group.ConclusionDuring the middle and late stage of PH,the expression of eNOS was decreased.The expression of iNOS was induced,which would produce numerous NO.However,these NO had no benefit on the development of PH.L-Arg could restore the balance of eNOS and iNOS,and could inhibit the development of PH,which may provide a new clues to explore the pathogenesis and treatment of PH.

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of endothelium-derived microparticles(EMP)-induced endothelial dysfunction and the role of superoxide anion(O-?2) in EMP-induced endothelial dysfunction.METHODS:EMP were isolated from human umbilical vein endothelial cells stimulated with plasminogen activated inhibitor-1.(1) Cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells(BAEC) were divided into 3 groups and pretreated with nothing in group 1,EMP(1?108/L) in group 2,EMP(1?108/L) + L-nitroarginiemethylester(L-NAME,1 mmol/L) in group 3 for 30 min and A23187(5 ?mol/L) stimulated O-?2 generation was determined by superoxide dismutase(SOD)-inhibitable ferricytochrome C reduction.(2) Facialis arteries(60-150 microns) were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and divided into 4 groups.The vessels were pretreated with nothing in group 1,EMP(1?108/L) in group 2,EMP(1?108/L) + SOD(2?105 U/L) in group 3,EMP(1?108/L) + polyethylene glycolated-SOD(PEG-SOD,2?105 U/L) in group 4 for 10 min and acetylcholine(ACH)-induced vasodilation was measured.RESULTS:(1) EMP significantly increased O-?2 generation in BAEC culture,which was prevented about 50% by pretreating the BAEC with L-NAME.(2) EMP significantly impaired ACH-induced vasodilation.SOD could not restore EMP-impaired ACH-induced vasodilation and PEG-SOD showed partial restoration of vasodilation.CONCLUSION:These data indicate that at least some EMP-induced endothelial dysfunction occurs by inducing intracellular O-?2 generation.It may provide a theoretical evidences in finding a multiple treatment including removal of O-?2 in the future.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC).Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 72 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were admitted to the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2005 and December 2014 were collected.Thirty-two patients who were diagnosed with cHCC-CC by postoperative pathological examination were allocated into the cHCC-CC group and 40 patients who were diagnosed with HCC by postoperative pathological examination were allocated into the HCC group.Observation indicators:(1) clinicopathological characteristics:male,age ＞ 60 years,positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg),positive alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),positive CA19-9,positive carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),liver cirrhosis,Child-Pugh grade A,tumor diameter ＞ 5 cm,tumor with capsule,solitary tumor,portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT),cancer thrombus of the bile duct,positive lymph node metastasis,stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ of TNM stage,Edmondson-Steiner stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ;(2) pathological features of surgical incision specimens;(3) follow-up situations:median survival time,1-,3-,5-year survival rates and tumor-free survival rate;(4) prognostic factors analysis of patients with cHCC-CC:AFP,CA19-9,liver cirrhosis,tumor diameter,tumor capsule,number of tumor,PVTT,cancer thrombus of the bile duct,lymph node metastasis,Edmondson-Steiner stage,volume of intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion,distant from surgical margin.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect survival of patients and tumor recurrence or metastasis up to October 2015.Comparison of count data was analyzed using the chi-square test.The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival analysis was done using the Log-rank test.The prognostic analysis was done using the COX regression model.Results (1) Clinicopathological characteristics:positive CA19-9,tumor with capsule,cancer thrombus of the bile duct and positive lymph node metastasis were detected in 16,4,12,6 patients in the cHCC-CC group and 5,17,1,1 patients in the HCC group,respectively,with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (x2=10.471,9.723,13.005,4.009,P ＜ 0.05).(2) Pathological features of surgical incision specimens:pathological results showed that surgical incision specimens in the cHCC-CC group had characteristics of HCC tissues and cholangiocarcinoma tissues.The antigenic activity of hepatic cells in paraffin sections,Cytokeratin 7,Cytokeratin 19 and progenitor cell markers were positive by immunohistochemical staining detection.Patients in the HCC group had characteristics of HCC tissues,with positive AFP using immunohistochemical staining detection.(3) Follow-up situations:all the 72 patients were followed up for 5.0-74.0 months with a median time of 41.0 months.The median survival time,1-,3-,5-year survival rates,1-,3-,5-year tumor-free survival rates were 14.5 months,62.3％,38.9％,19.1％,50.0％,23.9％,4.0％ in the cHCC-CC group and 46.8 months,82.3％,57.4％,38.6％,72.9％,35.6％,17.6％ in the HCC group,respectively,with statistically significant differences in overall survival and tumor-free survival between the 2 groups (x2=4.231,3.881,P ＜ 0.05).(4) Prognostic factors analysis of patients with cHCC-CC:results of univariate analysis showed that CA19-9,tumor capsule,number of tumor,cancer thrombus of the bile duct,lymph node metastasis and Edmondson-Steiner stage were related factors affecting prognosis of patients with cHCC-CC [HR =1.824,0.227,0.441,1.421,1.887,2.745,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.126-2.172,0.118-0.654,0.318-0.764,1.071-4.231,1.017-5.643,1.223-6.421,P ＜ 0.05].Results of multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ of Edmondson-Steiner stage were independent risk factors affecting prognosis of patients with cHCC-CC (RR =1.658,2.912,95％ CI:1.027-7.542,1.143-6.582,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The positive CA19-9,tumor without capsule,cancer thrombus of the bile duct and positive lymph node metastasis can partly predict cHCC-CC.The prognosis of patients with cHCC-CC is worse than that with HCC.The positive lymph node metastasis and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳof Edmondson-Steiner stage are independent risk factors affecting prognosis of patients with cHCC-CC.

The present study analyzes the use of the online teaching platform of China Medical University during the COVID-19 epidemic, excavates the teaching difficulties encountered in online teaching, and shares the experience of implementing "1+M" mode of mixed online teaching platform by introducing a variety of online teaching platforms. Monitoring of teaching quality has been initiated on time, and the key tasks of online teaching have been straightened out in time, which has effectively improved the quality of online teaching, providing references and basis for further advancing the reform of higher medical education in China.