Objective To evaluate the effect of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with the single channel double sets of catheter sheath method in the management of complicated ureteric calculus. Methods The clinical data of forty-eight cases with complicated ureteric calculus were retrospectively investigated. Among them, 18 cases with ipsilateral kidney calculus, 1 case with repeat renal deformity, within the ureteral calculus in upper kidney. Results 48 patients smoothly under ulime from ultrasound guided puncture percutaneous renal channel is established successfully, The establishing the channel to setting the double sheath to the ureteropelvic junction was (18.0 ± 5.0) min, the operation time was (59.0 ± 6.0) min, the stone free rate was 96.6% and no significant complications, such as septic shock, intraoperative or postoperative bleeding and damage to surrounding organs, were detected. The patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months, the degree of hydronephrosis significantly reduced and no ureteral stricture were developed during the period. Conclusion The percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with the single channel double sets of catheter sheath method is safe and effective for complicated ureteral calculus.

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence identifies the immune system not as an isolated system with automodulations, but one that interacts with the central nervous system.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of c-fos expression in the lung and brain tissues of asthmatic rats and explore is significance.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Department of Oncology, Southern Hospital, and Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted Department of Oncology,Southern Hospital, and Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University, between January and August 2004. Fourteen healthy male rats were randomized into experimental group (n=10) and control group (n=4).METHODS: On the first day of experiment, the rats in experimental group received intraperitoneal injection of 2 mL of the suspension containing 10 mg albumen, 200 mg aluminum hydroxide powder and inactivated pertussis vaccine (5×109), and subjected to inhalation of ultrasonically atomized 10 g/L albumen from on the 15th day, 2 times per hour for totally 3 days, to induce asthma in the rats. The rats in the control group received intraperitoneal injection of 2 mL normal saline on the 1st day and inhalation of ultrasonically normal saline on the 15th day, 30 mL a day for totally 3 days. The lung and brain tissues of all the anesthetized rats were fixed by perfusion, and immunohistochemical method with ovin-biotin-peroxidase complex and imaging analysis system were used to observe the distribution of Fos protein in the lung and brain.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Distribution of c-Fos protein in lung and cerebrum.c-Fos in the lung and brain tissues was obviously higher in asthmatic group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05), located mainly in the parietal-fontal cortex, limbic forebrain (cingulum cortex, pyriform cortex and central amygdaloid nucleus and so on), thalamus paraventricular nucleus, hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, lateral region of the hypothalamus, hypothalamus periventricular nucleus, nucleus of solitary tract,area postrema and ventrolateral medulla. No obvious Fos expression was observed in the cerebellum. A large number of c-Fos-positive cells were observed in the wall of the airway and lungs in asthmatic rats, mainly distributing in the mucous membrane and submucous layer and around the smooth muscles; in the control rats, no positive cells or only occasional cells with weak c-Fos positivity were found in the wall of the airway and lungs.CONCLUSION: c-Fos expression increases obviously not only in the lungs of asthmatic rats, but also in medullar and its ascending projecting nuclei (hypothalamus, amygdala and so on), suggesting that the expression of protooncogene c-fos might be closely related with neuroimmunomodulation in asthma.

BACKGROUND:Various factors can affect the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cel s, and the osteoinductive factor of traditional Chinese medicine is very important for the research of human adipose-derived stem cel s. OBJECTIVE:To investagate the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cel s in vitro. METHODS:The human adipose-derived stem cel s were isolated and cultured in vitro. After passaqed to the third generation, human adipose-derived stem cel s at 2×103/wel were incubated in a 96-wel plate, and treated with 200μL of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0,6.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1 medium. The human adipose-derived stem cel s in the control group were treated with an equal volume of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium. Growth curves were examined by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)-(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide T colorimetric assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin content were detected by alkaline phosphatase kit and radio-immunity method, respectively. Calcified nodules were observed using alizarin red O staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proliferation viability of human adipose-derived stem cel s was significantly increased after cultured with 0.5μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1. With the increasing of the concentration of ginsenoside Rb1, the mitogenic activity of the cel s was decreased. The 6.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1 showed a depressant effect on proliferation. Ginsenoside Rb1 could promote alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin expression in human adipose-derived stem cel s and showed a dose-dependent manner. Calcified nodule formation induced by 4.6 and 6.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1 were better when compared with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0μmol/L ginsenoside Rb1. Ginsenoside Rb1 can promote the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cel s cultured in vitro in a certain concentration, and in the high concentration, the ginsenoside Rb1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cel s. So ginsenoside Rb1 can be used as an osteoinductive factor.

OBJECTIVETo observe the origins and insertions of Pitanguy ligament,in order to find the anatomically theoretical basis for the treatment of nasal deformity such as drooping nose, short columella, gingival show.

METHODS15 cadaveric heads fixed by 10% formalin were used. 12 specimens underwent nasal anatomic study. The skin was incised, along the nasal midline to expose the Pitanguy ligament. The origin of Pitanguy ligament and its relationship with surrounding tissue were studied. Then the Pitanguy ligament was taken out for HE staining. Longitudinal section along the ligament was observed. 3 specimens underwent harvesting of full-thickness nasal tissue from skin to periosteal membrane. Then the samples were used for HE staining to show histologic study of ligament at horizontal section.

RESULTSPitanguy ligament originates in the midline of lower third of the nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system, extends down to the tip along the midline of the nasal dorsum and then turns backwards at the nasal tip, and runs between the medial crura of the lower lateral cartilages, inserts into the base of columella. Its muscle is connected with the orbicularis oris muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle. HE staining showed the ligament consists of fibrous connective tissue, muscle tissue and other ingredients, but without cartilage.

CONCLUSIONSPitanguy ligament exists with complex histological composition, so its name is still controversial. Because it has multiple connection with the orbicularis oris muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle, so cutting or shortened the Pitanguy ligament can treat deformity of nose and lip by adjustment of nasolabial angles and the nasal length.

Cadaver ; Cartilage ; anatomy & histology ; Facial Muscles ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Ligaments ; anatomy & histology ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Nasal Septum ; anatomy & histology ; Nose ; anatomy & histology ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; pathology ; surgery ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; anatomy & histology

Chikungunya virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; China ; Genome, Viral ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA

Objective To investigate the effects of ischemic postconditioning (Post) on myocardial cell apoptosis and expres- sion of Bcl-2 and Bax protein during ischemia/reperfusion period in rabbits.Methods Eighteen rabbits were randomly allocated to three groups (6 in each group),sham operation (group S),ischemia/reperfusion group(group IR) and ischemic postconditioning group(group Post).Group IR and group Post were subjected to 15 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed for 30 minutes of reperfusion.Ischemic postconditioning was achieved by three 30 seconds cycles of reperfusion,each followed by 30 seconds ischemia.Cardiomyocyte apoptosis were determined by in situ TDT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA electrophoresis.The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in apoptotic myocardial cells were detected by immunohistochemistry sepa- rately.Results Compared with group IR,apoptotic index was significantly reduced in group Post [(28.06?2.92) % vs.(55.70? 13.96)%,P

Objective To investigate the effects of different durations of methamphetamine abuse on spatial cognitive processing.Methods The mental rotation task was used to evaluate the spatial processing function of 35 methamphetamine abusers and 30 healthy subjects.The methamphetamine abusers are divided into 2 groups according to their abuse durations,group 1 contains 16 abusers with an average duration of 1 year and group 2 contains 19 abusers with an average duration of 3 years.Participants were asked to judge the right hand/food or the left hand/food of the experimental stimuli at difference angles.The reaction time (RT) and the accurate rate (AR) of the mental rotation task were recorded.Results Compared with the control group,RT of group 1 methamphetamine abusers was longer at the angle of 0°((1469±318)ms) and 180°((1718±412)ms) (P＜0.05),RT of group 2 was longer at the angle of 0°((1466±243) ms),60°((1497±294) ms) and 180°((1708±288) ms) (P ＜0.05).And the AR of methamphetamine abusers was higher at every angle (P＜0.05).Conclusion Long-term dependence on methamphetmine can damage the abuser's spatial processing function.

Objective To explore the clinical methodology and effects of correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasaldeformity by anatomical restoration and cartilage of nasal septum.Methods With the Goodman's incision in the columella and nasal vestibule,we cut out the cartilage of nasal septum and built a new support structure of tip to reshape the nasal shape after the adequate anatomical restoration under the magnifier of 2.5 times.Results The operation corrected alanasi collapse skewed columella and nostrils symmetry,etc.21 cases were treated and followed up for a month and fifteen months,showing stablized effect with columella centerno alanasi collapse,symmetric nostril and no recurrence.Conclusions On the base of nasal anatomy,a good therapeutic effect has been archeived by the adequate anatomical restoration,cutting out the cartilage of nasal septum and builting a new support structure of tip to reshape the nasal shape.

A novel sesquiterpenoid (1) and three known compounds identified as isoaltenuene (2), altenuene (3), and alternariol 4, 10-O-dimethyl ether (4), were isolated in our investigation of the cytotoxic constituents from solid cultures of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic data analysis. All compounds exhibited cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cell line A549, breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. Compound 4 could induce the PANC-1 cells inflation or death, but couldn't induce apoptosis at the IC50 of 60.2 microg x mL(-1).

Objective To study the expression and significance of Th17 cells from peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Intracelluar flow cytomete detection of IL-17/IFN-γ and IL-17/IL-6 was established using anti-CD3/Anti-CD28/IL-23 as stimulators after isolation of untouched human CD4~+T cells from PBMC. There were three groups in the present study: ①healthy controls group; ② RA stable group; ③RA active group. Results The isolation of untouched human CD4~+T cells from PBMC was effective and its purity was over 90%. The percentage of intracelluar IL-17 in CD4~+ T cells from RA patients was increased significantly. Such percentage in active group (1.54±0.41) was higher than that of stable group (0.70±0.21, P<0.01) and both of them were higher than those of healthy controls (0.42±0.12, P<0.01). Under anti-CD3/Anti-CD28/IL-23 stimulation, the percentage of intracelluar IL-17 was also increased significantly(P<0.01). The porcentage of intracellular IFN-γ was similar to that of IL-17, while that of IL-6 was not significantly different. There is an correlation between IL-17 and IFN-γ or IL-6. Conclusion There is an abnormal expression of IL-17 and IFN-γ in human CD4~+T cells in RA patients, which is related to disease activity . Th17 cells may be used as a new marker for the assessment of RA activity.