OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality standard of Jieyin effervescence tablet. METHODS: Dictamnus dasycarpus, Sophora flavescens, Phellodendron chinense,Cnidium monnieri, Zanthoxylum bungeanum were identified by TLC. The content of berberine was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC was specific for the identification of D. dasycarpus, S. flavescens, P. chinense,C. monnieri, Z. bungeanum. The linear range of berberine was 0.208～1.04 ?g(r=0.997 8)with an average recovery of 101.38% (RSD=1.39%,n=6). CONCLUSION: Established quality standard is applicable for the quality control of Jieyin effervescence tablet.

Objective To investigate the influence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)versus open cholecystectomy (OC)on postopera-tive systemic infection and immune response in patients with acute cholecystitis complicated by choleperitonitis.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed for 45 patients who had a definite diagnosis of acute calculous cholecystitis complicated by cho-leperitonitis in Shanghai Liqun Hospital from January 2014 to June 2016.According to surgical procedures,the patients were randomized in-to LC group (23 patients)and OC group (22 patients).The length of hospital stay,postoperative complications,and deaths were evaluated in both groups.Blood samples were collected from all patients before surgery and at 1,3,and 6 days after surgery to compare the changes in neutrophil count,serum levels of C -reactive protein (CRP)and interleukin -6 (IL -6),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),as well as the incidence of endotoxemia.The t -test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups,and the chi -square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Results The LC group had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay than the OC group (5.4 ±2.7 d vs 10.2 ±3.5 d,t = -5.46,P <0.001).One patient (4.3%)in the LC group and 6 (27.3%)in the OC group ex-perienced peritoneal abscess after surgery,and there was a significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups (χ2 =4.77,P =0.03).In all patients,the mortality rate was 17.8% (8 /45),with 1 (4.3%)in the LC group and 7 (31.8%)in the OC group,and there was a significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =5.16,P =0.02).Of all patients in the OC group,4 died of peritoneal abscess,1 died of pulmonary embolism,and 1 died of myocardial infarction;of all patients in the LC group,1 died of my-ocardial infarction.There were no significant differences in inflammatory markers before surgery between the two groups.At 1,3,and 6 days after surgery,the LC group had significantly lower neutrophil count,serum levels of CRP and IL -6,and ESR (except at 1 day after surger-y)than the OC group (all P <0.05).Furthermore,the OC group had a significantly higher concentration of endotoxin than the LC group (P <0.05),but the level of endotoxin returned to normal at 2 days after surgery in both groups.Conclusion Compared with OC,LC can reduce the probability of endotoxemia,help with the establishment of immunological defense,and reduce the risk of postoperative infection.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,studies have shown the effects of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-а)on fibroblasts at different organizations in a tissue-specific and dose-dependent manner.OBJECTIVE:TO investigate the biologic effects of TNF-а and its signal transduction pathway-specific kinase inhibitors on mouse embryonic fibroblasts(NIH3T3).METHODS:NIH3T3 cells were cultured in vitro,and then the cells were assigned into 3 groups.Cells in the control group were cultured in DMEM high-glucose medium with 2%serum;those in the TNF-а group were cultured in 100 μg/L TNF-аmedium;those in the TNF-а+Anti-TNFRSF 1 B group were firstly cultured in medium with 50 μg/L Anti-TNFRSF 1 B for 1 hour,and then placed in the medium with 100 μg/L TNF-а.RT-PCR and Western blot methods were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expressions of type Ⅰ collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 3(MMP3)in each group.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In this experiment,NlH3T3 cells cultured with a certain concentration of TNF-а,the specificity kinase signal of transduction pathway presented with phosphorylation or protein activation,and the signal pathway was activated,which promoted MMP3 activation,and significantly reduced the expression of type Ⅰ collagen.The effect of TNF-а was certainly inhibited,but not completely eliminated after adding its signal transduction pathway inhibitor Anti-TNFRSF1 B.This further proves the role of TNF-а on NIH3T3 activation.

Objective To study the relationship between PDD and the polymorphism of apolipoprotein E(apoE) gene,to inquire the etiological basis of PDD.Methods 11 Patients with PDD 40 patients with PD without dementtia and 52 unrelated controls were collected to detect the genotype of apoE gene by PCR－ RFLP. Results There was no difference in the apoE allele frequencies and genotype distribution in PDD group,PD without dementia group and control group(P >0.05). Conclusion There is no relationship between the polymorphism of apoEgene and the onset of PDD.The pathogenesis of PDD differs from that of AD.

Objective The paper described a convenient and sensitive radioirnmunoassav method which can be used to measure the amount of morphine in a single hair. Method Succinvl-eggalbumin-morphine was used as immunogen to immunize New Zealand rabbits for obtaining high quality antiserum. The morphine- labeled with Iodine-125 was purified by HPLC. The radioimmunoassay method was established and the amount of morphine in a single hair was detected. Results The affinity constant of antibody is 3.25 ? 10~11L/M. The radiochemical purity of I-mophine is 95% and the specific radioactivity is 112?Ci/?g. The detection limit for morphine (3SD from zero-dose binding) is 0.01ng/ml. Five normai person's single hair and five addict's were detected . The length of these specimens is 9-24cm and the weight of them 0.7- 2. 1mg. The amount of morphine in the hair of normai person is 1. 75 ? 0.37ng/mg (x ? 5) and that of the addictos'is 471 ?204ng/mg (x ? s). Conclusion This method can be employed for accurate mea-surement of the amount of morphine in a single hair and the result can be adopted to indicate the probability of illicit-drug use.

Objective To investigate whether the μ- and δ-opioid receptors were involved in mediating the a ntinociceptive effect of opioid injection into the nucleus submedius (Sm). Methods Nociceptive behavior produced by subcutaneous injection of formalin (65 mmol/L, 50 μL) into the hind paw of the rat was assessed quantitatively using an automated movement detection system. The effects of morphine and selectiveμ- and δ-opioid receptor antagonists microinjected unilaterally into the Sm were determined in the awake rats. Results Morphine (31 mmol/L, 0. 5 μL) depressed the nociceptive behavior elicited by formalin, and this effect was antagonized completely by the selective μ-receptor antagonist β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA, 0. 4 mmol/L, 0. 5 μL) and naloxonazine (0.8 mmol/L, 0.5 μL), and partly by the δ-receptor antagonist naltrindole (0.4 mmol/L, 0.5μL).Administration of morphine into thalamic regions more than 0. 5 mm dorsal to the Sm had no effect on the nociceptive behavior. Conclusion Antinociceptive effects produced by opioid acting on Sm neurons are mediated mainly by μ-opioid receptors, and partly by δ-receptors.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Weiyoukang intragastric floating tablet,and to investigate in vitro releasing characteristics of it. METHODS:Weiyoukang intragastric floating tablet was prepared by full powder compression method using HPMC-K15M (framework material),octadecanol(low density bleaching promoter),sodium bicarbonate(foaming agent),PVP-K30(release reg-ulator)and magnesium stearate(lubricant)as excipients. The amounts of HPMC-K15M,octadecanol and PVP-K30 were optimized by orthogonal test and validated with 2 h,4 h and 8 h accumulative release rate of berberine (Y2 h,Y4 h,Y8 h) as index,start time (T1)and duration(T2)of floating as adjunctive index. The releasing regularity of berberine,tetrahydropalmatine,baicalin and glyc-yrrhizic acid in Coptis chinensis,Corydalis vanhus,Scatellaria baicalensis and Glycyrrhiza uralensis were measured by release model fitting method and Peppas equarion fitting method. Similar factor(f2)method was used to investigate the similarity of 4 com-ponents. RESULTS:The optimized formulation was as follows as HPMC-K15M 40 g,octadecanol 14 g,PVP-K30 2 g for 200 tab-lets. Y2 h,Y4 h and Y8 h of berberine of preparations were 31.94%,55.88%,93.34%(RSDs were 1.2%,1.5% and 1.5%,n=3),re-spectively. T1 and T2 were about 1 min and 13 h. The drug release of four ingredients all fitted Higuchi models,and were synergis-tic action of diffusion and matrix erode. The f2 were all more than 80,indicating that the release of four ingredients were similar. CONCLUSIONS:Weiyoukang intragastric floating tablet is prepared successfully,showing fast onset,long floating,sustained-re-lease and balanced release of multiple indigents.

Objective To investigate the treatment effects of different fixation for fracture and dislocation of ankle joint and to sum up the experience for clinical treatment.Methods One hundred and fifty patients with fracture and dislocation of ankle joint using 5 different internal fixation surgeries were involved with this research:simple cross Kirschner wire fixation,intramedullary fixation ordinary screws,cancellous lag screw fixation,4 holes common plate fixation,tension band fixation.Patients were followed up and evaluated by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score for scoring,and investigated the postoperative recovery and the occurrence of postoperative infections and complications in patients.Results After followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average follow-up time of 19 months,of 150 patients,there were 29 cases with excellent result,65 cases with good result,44 cases with general and 12 cases with poor result,the excellent and good rate was 62.6％ (94/150).One case with nonunion,6 cases with malunion,7 cases with traumatic arthritis,10 cases with wound pain,the incidence of postoperative complications was 16.0％ (24/150).There were 10 cases with shallow infection,5 cases with deep infection,and 11 cases with severe skin irritation; The incidence of postoperative infection was 17.3％ (26/150).Conclusion Surgical treatment is the main treatment of fracture and dislocation of ankle joint,5 different methods of internal fixation of ankle fractures had good therapeutic effect.

Background To understand the distribution and development of corneal nerve in animal or human has an important significance for clinical and basic research of corneal diseases.At present,some studies on cornea nerve development and location have been performed.However,the quantified study on innervation and distribution of corneal nerve fibers as embryonic development has not been reported.Objective This study attempted to understand the distribution of corneal nerve fibers in the development of chick embryo,and to evaluate the changes of the length and density of corneal nerve fibers with aging of chick embryo.Methods Whole chick corneas with limbus were obtained from chick embryo aged 6-20 days (E6-E20),and corneal nerve fiber was labeled using immunofluorescence technique by anti-neuron-specific β-Ⅲ tubulin antibody.The corneas were radially cut into 4 parts,and the integrate corneal flat mounts were prepared with the upward epithelium and mounting with anti-fade fluorescent quenching buffer glycerin containing DAPI.Fluorescence microscope was used to capture the nerve fiber images in cornea,and cornea area and the number of nerve fiber bundles were exhibited by using Photoshop CS4.Cornea nerve fiber density and total length were measured by Imaris x64 7.4.2 software.Results Total cornea flat mounts showed that the nerve bundles grew from temporal scleral forward cornea limbus at E6-E8,and the nerve fibers formed the ring surrounding by limbus during E9-E10.Then the fibers extended forward the central cornea in E11 to E15 and developed into nerve fiber plexus on the whole cornea in E16 to E20.During the period of E6-E20,the corneal surface area,the length and density of corneal nerve fibers were gradually increased with the aging of chick embryo,showing statistically significant differences among different time points (F =127.007,227.051,67.748,all at P＜0.01).The increase of the corneal area of the chick embryo presented a strong positive correlation with the extending of length of the corneal nerve fiber (r =0.863,P＜0.01).Chick corneal nerve fiber bundle appeared at E13,with a number of (59.00 ± 1.14)/mm2 and then increased to a peak of (576.75 ±29.16)/mm2 at E 18 and reduced to (299.67± 25.46)/mm2 at E20,with a significant difference among them (F =13.759,P=0.000).Conclusions Corneal nerve starts to develop in E9 of chick embryo,and the corneal surface area,the total length of the corneal nerve fibers and the density rapidly increase concurrently with the development of chick embryo.

Objective To observe the results of broth dilution method and disc diffusion method to test the synergistic effect of Reduning and cefoperazone sodium / sulbactam sodium(SCF) on extensive drug resistant Acinetobacter bauman (XDR-AB) in vitro environment ,and compare their compliance to guide the clinical medication .Methods A total of 12 strains of XDR-AB from infec-tion patients in our hospital in 2015 were collected ,the strain was sub cultured .Firstly ,observe the minimum inhibitory concentra-tion (MIC) of SCF and Reduning on XDR-AB alone and in combination by broth dilution method .And then judge the synergy effects through calculation .Secondly ,the inhibition ring diameter and the synergy effects was detected using the disc diffusion meth-od .Results The MIC of Reduning and SCF in combination on XDR-AB was declined compared with them alone .The Fractional in-hibitory concentration of Reduning and SCF in combination on XDR-AB were equal or less than 0 .5 ,they had synergistic effect on XDR-AB .The inhibition ring diameter of Reduning was 10 mm tested by disk diffusion method .Different strains of XDR-AB on SCF bacteriostatic annulus diameter difference ,5 strains were 15 mm ,3 strains were 16 mm ,and 4 strains were 17 mm .Reduning and SCF appeared synergistic effect according to the inhibition ring diameter expanded when they effected on XDR -AB in combina-tion .Conclusion In vitro ,Reduning combined with SCF on XDR-AB has good synergistic effect .Compared with broth microdilution checkerboard dilution method ,disk diffusion method is more simple and convenient ,but it has a certain subjective on judging re-sults ,which is better to operate by experienced person .