Breast cancer is the first malignant tumor of women, and the incidence is still rising. Although the overall survival rate of breast cancer is high, the difference in prognosis is significant with different stage. Finding the patients at early stage and commencement of therapy timely by breast cancer screening is the key to reduce the incidence and improve the survival rate. At present, clinical breast examination, ultrasonography, mammography and MRI are still the most common methods for breast cancer screening, but in view of the specific technology and specific population it remains controversial as to which techniques are the best, especially the value of ultrasonography still needs to be confirmed in randomized clinical trials. With the constant improvement of technologies and programs, the breast cancer screening work will be more standardized and optimized.

The role of consolidating radiation therapy (RT) is very controversial in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL),especially in adolescents and young adults (AYA) HL.The key problem is how to achieve better therapeutic effect but bear less toxicities in chemotherapy and radiotherapy,which will be hopefully solved by clinical trials adopting interim positron emission tomography (iPET) scanning to guide therapy for HL.The new technologies including whole genome amplification (WGA),high-throughput gene sequencing (NGS) assay and genome-wide association study (GWAS) further illustrate abnormal signaling pathways in HL,such as NF-κB,JAK/STAT and PI3K pathway,which may provide new therapeutic targets for the disease.

Early stage Hodgkin' s lymphoma (HL) is highly curable with abbreviated chemotherapy plus involved-filed radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone,but the role of radiation remains the subject of debate and disagreement.The management of recurrent or refractory HL remains challenging with limited effective treatments except high dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation.Emerging new safe and effective drugs such as brentuximab vedotin might promisingly improve the outcome of these patients in the future.The interim positron emission tomography (PET-i) scan has important prognostic value in patients with early and advanced stage HL,especially PET scan after 2 cycles.However,the PET-i guided treatment decisions are not currently recommended outside clinical trials.

Hodgkin's lymphoma(HL)is a highly curable malignancy for most patients during the recent decades.Frontline treatment is generally ABVD alone or in combination with other chemotherapy regimens or radiation. To achieve a higher control of disease, ABVD chemotherapy has been challenged by more intensive treatments, such as Stanford V and BEACOPP regimen. In the 53rd ASH annual meeting,ABVD is still widely accepted as standard regimen for HL, even in elderly people or patients with HIV infection. Relapsed or refractory HL is a challenging problem for clinician, and high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation(HDC/ASCT)is the preferred treatment for chemoresistant patients.Many novel treatment strategies were explored for these patients.Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning provides important prognostic information in patients with HL receiving chemotherapy or pre/posttransplant,but the utility of long term surveillance radiological studies is not recommended in the meeting.

Objective To investigate the effect of the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia and the level of inflammatory factors in the serum of children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods 180 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia in our hospital from July 2015 to June 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,90 cases in each group. The control group were treated with azithromycin,and the observation group were treated with combination of hydrochloric acid and bromine on the basis of control group. The course of the two groups were all 12 days.The efficacy of the treatment, fever subsided time, the disappearance time of cough and pulmonary rales, before and after treatment serum inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-10 (IL-10),interleukin-17 (IL-17) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels between two groups were compared,and the incidence of adverse reactions. Results The observation group treatment efficiency 93.33% was higher than the control group 82.23% (P<0.05); The observation group dissipated time of fever,cough disappeared time and pulmonary rales disappeared faster than the control group (P<0.05);After treatment,the levels of serum IL-6, IL-17 and PCT in two groups were decreased,the level of IL-10 increased,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the level of serum IL-6, IL-17 and PCT in observation group were lower than the control group, while the level of IL-10 was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);There were no significant differences in the adverse reactions between the two groups . Conclusion The curative effect of bromhexine hydrochloride combined with azithromycin in treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children, and can reduce the serum inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-17 and PCT level and increase the level of IL-10 and lessen inflammatory reaction, has important research significance.

Objective To study the effect of finasteride on bleeding associated with suprapubic prostatectomy and transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Methods CD 34 ,bcl-2,PCNA and VEGF expressions in the prostatic tissues were studied by means of immunohistochemical method in 89 patients undergone prostatectomy,43 of them had taken fenateride and the other 46 did not.Acomparative study of clinical data and immunohistochemical parameters was made between the 2 groups. Results The volume of bleeding and blood transfusion needed were much less in the group treated with fenasteride.The microyascular density as studied by immunohistochemistry was much less in the fenasteride group.The expressions of bcl-2,PCNA and VEGF were also different between the 2 groups ( P

Objective To explore the neuroprotective mechanism of mild hypothermia by studying the effect of mild hypothermia on neuronal apoptosis after transient global cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods A model of transient global cerebral ischemia was made by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and hypotension in rats. The neuronal demage in the CA 1 section of the hippocampus after cerebral ischemia was observed by nissel body stain mothed;apoptosis was detected by in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase reaction (TUNEL) and the electrical microscope.Results The hippocampal CA 1 section neurons in normothermic ischemic group were significantly deficit as compared with the false operative group in mild hypothermic ischemic group (P

Objective To investigate the changes in gastrointestinal motility and cholinergic nervous system in the gastric antrum and intestine of rats with cirrhosis. Methods 20 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and cirrhosis model group. The changes in gastrointestinal motility of rats were assessed by Dextran blue-2000 as an indicator; the cholinergic nerves in antro-jejunal myoenteric plexus were observed with acetylcholinesterase histochemical staining and analysed with a computer. Results Compare with control group, the gastrointestinal motility of rats was markedly retarded (P

Objective To explore the independent risk factors of lymph-node metastasis (LNM) in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC),and establish a risk-prediction model based on LNM.Method 962 early gastric cancer patients undergoing curative radical gastrectomy in the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University from July 2011 to April 2016 were enrolled in this study.The relationships between different clinicopathologic characteristics and LNM were analyzed by Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability,and the independent risk factors were determined using Logistic regression analysis.Moreover,LNM risk was stratified and a risk-predicting model was established on the basis of the identified independent risk factors for LNM.Further,the risk-predicting model was validated using 962 EGC cases.The discriminatory accuracy of risk-predicting model was measured by area under ROC curve (ROC-AUC).Results Mucosal differentiated cancer ≤2 cm,irrespective of the existence of an ulcer,had low LNM rates (LNMR ＜ 3.0％).Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that female EGC patients with submucosal,undifferentiated,vessel invasion and tumor size ＞ 2 cm were independent risk factors of LNM for EGC patients,and relative risks were 1.893,3.173,1.956,1.922 and 9.027 respectively (P ＜ 0.05).ROCAUC of risk-predicting model was 0.768 (P ＜ 0.01),which showed high diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity.Conclusion Female EGC patients with submucosal undifferentiated carcinomas measuring ＞ 2 cm with vessel invasion have higher risk of LNM.

Objective To explore the value of preoperative D-dimer in patients with gastric cancer in judging gastric cancer metastasis and assessing prognosis.Methods Clinicopathological data of 132 patients with gastric cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between Jan.2010 and Jan.2011 was analyzed retrospectively in this study.All patients were divided into two groups according to the cutoff value (1.465 mg/L)of D-dimer and the relationships between D-dimer and clinicopathological data were determined by chi-square test.Moreover,the association of preoperative D-dimer and the prognosis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test.Univariate and multivaritate Cox model were used to analyze the factors which might affect the survival of the patients and significant independent factors.Results A total of 132 patients were enrolled in this study in accordance with the inclusion criteria.D-dimer was positively correlated with the depth of invasion (x2 =4.996,P ＜ 0.05),age (x2 =4.311,P ＜ 0.05) and distant metastasis of gastric cancer (x2 =16.641,P ＜0.01),but not with thc gcndcr,lymph node metastasis,tumor size,the degree of differentiation and TNM stage (P ＞ 0.05).The mean D-dimer level was (1.39 ± 0.7) mg/L in distant metastasis patients and (0.97 ±0.83) mg/L in non distant metastasis patients (P =0.023),the mean plasma D-dimer level in patients alive at the 5 years after the surgery was (0.78 ± 0.58) mg/L,which was significantly lower than the amounts determined for the deceased patients (0.75 ± 0.58) mg/L (P ＜ 0.01).The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the patients with gastric cancer had a longer time in the low D-dimer group than in the high D-dimer group,showing a significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Univariate analysis showed that the overall survival rate was significantly correlated with the gender,D-dimer,tumor size,the depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P all ＜ 0.05).The D-dimer was proved to be independent risk factor for the prognosis of gastric cancer by multivariate analysis(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion According to the analysis,D-dimer may be valuable biomarker for metastasis patients,besides,D-dimer was an independent prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer.