Objective To study the effect application,method,time, and indwelling double J internal tube in the operation of upper urinary tract.Methods The double J of tubes were used as internal drainage and internal stent for 1～2 months in the operation of upper urinary tract in 104 patients with nephrolithiasis, ureteral calculi,PUJ obstruction,megaloureter syndrome and bladder tumor.Result No complications such as wound infection,leakage of urine occurrence after operation.Conclusions The double J tubes had the dual functions of internal sent and internal drainage. The double J tubes can be indwelled easily and safely.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic impact of a wide spectrum of pathologic parameters in a consecutive series of homogenously treated and well-characterized patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ colorectal cancer, and to investigate the prognostic value of lymph node occult disease (micrometastasis) in disease-free survival rate detected by immunohistochemistry with epithelial membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen. Methods The study included 126 patients operated on by a single surgeon for stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ colorectal tumors. The postoperative follow-up was performed for 64 to 106 months. At least 10 lymph nodes were harvested and examined in all the specimens. The prognostic value of 10 pathologic parameters, including lymph node occult disease (micrometastasis) detected by immunohistochemistry was investigated. Results Multivariate analysis identified lymphatic vessel invasion (absent or present;P=0.009) in lymph node positive and negative by immunohistochemistry. The five-year disease-free survival rates were 78.7%, 65.5% and 43.8% for the lymph node negative, isolated tumor cells and micrometastasis groups, respectively. There was significant difference between the lymph node negative and micrometastasis groups (P=0.005). However, the difference between the lymph node negative and isolated tumor cells groups was not statistically significant (P=0.144). Conclusions We propose that for patients found micrometastasis in lymph node with high-risk stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ colorectal cancer, adjuvant therapies are justified and effective.

Objective To investigate the physiological characteristics and the association with low prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Keriyans,a nomadic tribe,in the Taklimakan Desert.Methods An epidemiological survey focusing on diet and standardized physical examinations were made in a randomly selected natural population of 508 Keriyans individuals residing in the Taklimakan desert.In addition,237 of Uyghur subjects from Yutian county were enrolled as controls.Results Between these two populations,statistical significances were observed in body mass index (BMI) [(21.25 ± 3.10 vs 22.66 ± 4.18) kg/m2,P＜0.05],blood pressure (P＜0.01),triglyceride [TG,(0.98 ± 0.77 vs 1.50 ± 1.29) mmol/L,P＜0.01],total cholesterol [TC,(2.23 ± 1.02 vs 3.26 ± 0.85) mmol/L,P＜0.01],low density lipoprotein-cholesterol[LDL-C,(1.41 ± 0.68) mmol/L,P＜0.01],fasting blood glucose [(4.43 ± 1.19 vs 5.56 ± 1.39) mmol/L,P＜0.01],fat and salt intake (P＜0.05).The Keriyans had a low incidence of hypertension(9.94％ vs 29.11％,P＜0.01),raised blood cholesterol and diabetes mellitus(2.2％ vs 11.91％,P＜0.01) compared with the control group.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 0.6％ (3/500) in Keriyans and 13.62％ (32/235) in the control group.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Keriyans was much lower than that in the control group (P＜0.01).The caloric intake in keriyans group was lower tha than in the control group [(1 502.341 vs 2106.870) kcal,P ＜ 0.01].Conclusions The preliminary results showed that the physiological characteristics with low BMI,blood glucose,and the low levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,as well as they were inured to low salt loading,little smoking and no alcohol drinking,and natural living environment free from pollution,these factors might be associated with the low prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Keriyans.And their low calorie intake might be the most important factor of their low prevalence of metabolic syndrome.

Objective To investigate the value of 18F-FDG SUVmax in gastric cancer diagnosis with coincidence imaging.Methods The coincidence imaging was performed in 92 patients with gastric diseases (60 males,32 females,age 65 (32-85) years; 78 malignant cases,14 benign cases).The malignant cases included 3 remnant gastric cancers and 75 primary gastric cancers (staging: 4 of Tis,13 of T1,9 of T2,33 of T3,11 of T4 and 5 without surgery).The well-,moderately-and poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas were 22,15 and 28,respectively.Images were analyzed retrospectively with visual method and 18F-FDG SUVmax,and the diagnostic results were compared with the histopathological findings.The ROC curve was used to analyze the SUVmax.The Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between SUVmax and tumor size.The Wilcoxon rank sum test was applied to determine the difference of SUVmax between early and advanced gastric cancers.The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the difference of SUVmax in various types of differentiated adenocarcinoma.Results No matter visual method or SUVmax was used,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of coincidence imaging in diagnosis of gastric cancer were 64.1％(50/78),64.3％(9/14) and 64.1％(59/92),respectively.The AUC of SUVmax was 0.695 and the cut-off value was 0.700.SUVmax Was positively correlated with tumor size significantly(r=0.489,P＜0.001).There was statistically significant difference between SUVmax of Tis-1 and that of T2-4(0.676± 1.288 vs 3.851 ±3.764;Z=-3.754,P＜0.001).However,there was no statistically significant difference among SUVmax of various grades of differentiated adenocarcinoma(2.805±4.008,3.447±2.365,3.413± 3.737 ; x2 =2.459,P＞ 0.05).Conclusions SUVmax provides more information than visual method in assessing gastric cancer with 18F-FDG coincidence imaging.Appropriate cut-off value of SUV is necessary for improvement of the diagnostic efficiency.Relationships between SUV and pathological T stage,histopathological types and differentiation degree need further investigation.

Objective To explore the application of CO2 as an insufflation agent in patients under-going colonoscopy by comparing carbon dioxide(CO2 )and air.Methods Consecutive 681 patients who un-derwent conventional colonoscopy from January to May in 2014 at endoscopy center of our hospital were in-cluded.The patients were randomly divided into the air group and CO2 group.The gas flow,capacity,oper-ation time,PaCO2 and abdominal pain during and 20 min,40 min,1 h,2 h,12 h,24 h after colonoscopy were recorded.The safety and advantages of CO2 in the colonoscopy were analyzed.Results The intubation time of CO2 group was significantly shorter than that of air group (P <0.05),but there was no significant difference in endoscopy withdrawal time between the two groups (P >0.05).There was also no difference in air flow and the total volume between the two groups (P >0.05).PaCO2 of two groups were within the nor-mal range.PaCO2 during examination was significantly higher than that before and 20 minutes after examina-tion (P <0.05),but the PaCO2 between the two groups showed no significant difference (P >0.05).The abdominal pain scores during and 20 min,40 min,1 h,2 h after the examination of air group were signifi-cantly higher than those of CO2 group (P <0.05),but they were not 12h and 24h after the examination (P>0.05).Conclusion CO2 is safe and could reduce abdominal discomfort after colonoscopy,which is suit-able for clinical application.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the fourth-generation ultrasonic lithotripsy system for treating the urinary tract stones.Methods243 cases of urinary tract stones who received treatment of fourth-generation EMS ultrasonic lithotripsy system were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsImmediate phase I lithotrotrisy was performed successfully in 227 cases and the successful rate of phase I was 93.3％ (227/243).Delayed phase Ⅱ lithotripsy was performed for 16 patients.Complications happened in 2 cases,one case occurred hydropneumothorax during operation,required indwelling thoracic drainage tube processing,the other had severe bleeding which conservative treatment was ineffective,cured by the intervention of super-selective renal artery embolization.Conclusion Fourth generation of ultrasonic lithotripsy for treating stones on different anatomical locations of urinary system was safe,practical and efficient,worthy of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effect of leptin on endoplasmic reticulum stress related protein after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods Ischemia was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery in rats brain using the filament occlusion method. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, cerebral is-chemia group and leptin-preconditioning group. Leptin was injected subcutaneously before occlusion of blood vessel. Longa 5 score neurological function scale, body weight and brain edema changes were measured 6 hours after MCAO, and the brain was removed to detect the endoplasmic reticulum marker protein: glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) by immunohistochemical method. Results There was no difference in the body weight changes between leptin-preconditioning group and ischemic group. In the leptin-preconditioning group, the neurological function score (1.90±0.31 vs. 2.50±0.52, P<0.05) and the degree of brain edema (3.60±0.52 vs. 7.70±0.94, P<0.001) were significantly lower than those in the cerebral ischemia group. Moreover, the expression of GRP78 in leptin-preconditioning group was significantly higher than that in ischemia group (48.69 ±5.06 vs. 35.78± 4.35, P<0.01), and the expression of CHOP was significantly lower than that of ischemia group (60.24 ±4.11 vs. 38.81±5.34, P<0.01). Conclusion Leptin can reduce the neurological deficit and may be associated with the up-reg-ulation of GRP78 protein, and down regulation of CHOP protein to weaken the endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by cerebral ischemia

Objective To assess the diagnostic performance of real-time contrast-enhanced ultra-sound Sonovuein diagnosing minute rabbit liver VX 2 tumors with diameter ≤10.0 mm.Methods Thir-ty New Zealand white rabbits inoculated with VX 2 tumor ( left, right lobe of each ) were examined by two-di-mensional ultrasound and CEUS .The contrast enhanced mode of small rabbit liver VX 2 tumors in different phase was observed and tumor in the rabbit's liver was pathologically verified .The diagnostic performances of two-dimensional US and CEUS in detecting the rabbit VX 2 tumors were analyzed and compared .Results Thirty-nine tumors were pathologically verified .The detection rates of small tumors by CEUS and two-di-mensional US were 12.8% and 79.5%, respectively , yielded significantly higher than that of 2-D US. Conclusion Real-time CEUS significantly improves the detection rates of small rabbit VX 2 liver tumors less than 10.0 mm in diameter .

Objective To verify the reliability of radiotherapy dosimetric parameters in reference and non-reference conditions using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs).Methods Using the established TLD method,the dose variations with different radiation field sizes and 45 ° wedge plate were verified for 10 photon beams of 6 MV,together with dosimetric parameters at the point of maximum axial dose for 4 electron beams of 9 MeV under reference and non-reference conditions.Comparisons were made between TLD results and finger ionization chamber results.Results The average relative deviation,for 6 MV photon beams,between TLD results and finger ionization chamber measurements was 4.7％,within ± 7％ as required by the IAEA.The average relative deviation,for 9 MeV electron beam,between TLD results and plane parallel ionization chamber measurements was 2.4 ％,not beyond ± 5％ permitted by IAEA.Conclusions Using TLD method to verify the radiotherapy dosimetric parameters in reference and non-reference conditions was reliable,simple and feasible.

Objective To explore the risk factors for lung cancer-related cerebral infarction . Methods The hospitalized active lung cancer patients on anti-cancer therapy with no traditional stroke risk factors, who experienced an acute cerebral infarct in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2005 to December 2015, were consecutively collected as the LCRS ( lung cancer-related stroke) group.The active lung cancer patients without cerebral infarction hospitalized at the same peroid matched with the LCRS group for age and gender were collected as the LC ( lung cancer ) group. Clinical data from the two groups were analyzed .Results A total of 139 LCRS patients and 139 LC patients were enrolled in the study , with 110 male and 29 female in each group , and there were no significant difference for the mean age between the LCRS group (52.1 ±10.4 years old ) and the LC group (52.1 ± 10.1 years old).Two or more acute ischemic lesions of the brain were showed by MRI in most patients in the LCRS group (117 cases, 84.2%).Compared with the LC group, more patients in the LCRS group were found with adenocarcinoma , metastasis, elevated plasma D-dimer, CA125 and CA199 levels [ 88 cases (63.3%) vs 47 cases (33.8%);98 cases (70.5%) vs 56 cases (40.3%);(468.38 ±291.37) μg/L vs (277.59 ±191.22) μg/L;(221.42 ±146.34) U/ml vs (106.84 ±69.97) U/ml;(254.68 ±185.84) U/ml vs (97.15 ±63.64) U/ml;with all P<0.001].By logistic regression analysis of multiple factors , the elevated plasma D-dimer, CA125 and CA199 levels were showed to be independent risk factors for the cerebral infarction (OR=1.003, 95%CI 1.001 -1.004; OR=1.006, 95%CI 1.003 -1.010; OR=1.011, 95%CI 1.007-1.015).Conclusions The elevated plasma D-dimer, CA125 and CA199 levels are the risk factors for the lung cancer related cerebral infarction , which may lead to hypercoagulation and induce cerebral infarction eventually .