Male mice of Kunmlng strain were infected with 10 000 tachyzoites intraperitoneally. 2 hours after infection the mice were divided into 2 groups and administered 5 % of amylurn and 200 mg/kg of artemether by gavage for 8 consecutive days. The ultrastructural enzyme cytochemical studles on cytidine monophosphatase (CMP ase) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P-ase) of the parasites were carried out. CMP-ase was found scattered in the lysosomes of the parasites as well as in the macrophages. No differences were observed in the localization and intensity of CMP-ase activity between the nontreated and treated with drug parasites. G6-P-ase was found surrounding the parasite membrane and scattered in the parasitophorous vacuole in the nontreated parasites. After treatment with artemether, the intensity of G-6-P-ase activity was decreased compared with nontreated control parasites. It is suggested that artemether may exert some action on the G-6-Patase of T. gondii and thus influence the energy metabolism of the parasite.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of clinical pharmacist intervention on the rational use of Alanyl-glutamine injection.METHODS:Referring to package inserts of Alanyl-glutamine injection,Clinical Pharmacy Consensus of Parenteral Nutrition,ASPEN Nutrition Therapy Guidelines for Critically Ill Patients,related domestic and foreign literatures,evaluation criteria for Alanyl-glutamine injection rational use was formulated.After collecting Alanyl-glutamine injection cases (497 cases) in the second quarter of 2015 and those cases (385 cases) in the second quarter of 2016,rational use of Alanyl-glutamine injection were analyzed comparatively before and after intervention.RESULTS:The utilization rate and irrational rate of Alanyl-glutamine injection were 4.6％ and 52.9％ before intervention as well as 2.9％ and 10.9％ after intervention,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was statistical significance in hyper-indication,excessive concentration of drug liquid,excessive supply of amino acid,irrational compatibility and solvent selection,long treatment course before and after intervention (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists reduce irrational rate of drug use and guarantee safe and effective drug use through formulating evaluation criteria for Alanyl-glutamine injection rational use and providing pharmaceutical intervention on rational use of Alanyl-glutamine injection.

Objective To develop an efficient method for detecting the short tandem repeat(STR) of fetal DNA in maternal plasma by miniSTR technique.Methods A total of 9 blood samples form pregnant women from 11 to 27 weeks of gestation were collected.Each isolated total plasma DNA was amplified in single multiplex using the ABI MiniFilerTM kit,which could simultaneously genotype the 9 miniSTR loci,including D13S317,D7S820,D2S1338,D21S11,D16S539,D18S51,CSFIPO,FGA and Amelogenin,and the PCR products were detected by using ABI PrismTM 3100 DNA Sequencer.The allelic designation of each STR locus was accomplished using the GeneMapper ID 3.2 software.Results Father-origin fetal STR allele was detected in all the 9 plasma DNA samples.An average of 3.1 fetal STR alleles of the 8 autosomal STR loci was observed in each of the 9 plasma DNA samples.As for the Amelogenin locus,Amelogenin Y allele was detected in 5 plasma DNA samples from pregnancies with male fetus,and allelic peak height values were all over 50 RFU,according to ABI Mini FilerTM PCR conditions,and the ratio of Amelogenin Y allele peak height value to Amelogenin X allele peak height value was 8.45%.However,no Amelogenin Y allele was detected in other 4 plasma DNA samples from pregnant women with female fetus.Conclusion The miniSTR technique is suitable for STR genotyping using fetal DNA in maternal plasma,and it suggests a broad application in noninvasive molecular prenatal diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) before operation, including side effects and the improvment for the suceesfult resection rate.Methods 56 patients with cardiac cancer were divided into two groups: TACE group and resection group. The former included 25 patients (male 14, female 11) undertaken TACE 7-15 days before surgery. The image manifestations, histological changes and side effects together with the time of operation, volume of blood lose during operation and the succesful resection rate were compared with those of the latter. Results 1. TACE induced the necrosis of tumor tissue to some extent and possessed the power to localize the lesion with little side effects. 2. TACE before resection did not only minimize the injury of operation but also improved the resection rate. Conclusion TACE is a safe, effective modality before operation and is worthy for recommendation

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of interventional therapy for left iliac vein compression syndrome (LICS). Methods A total of 27 patients with LICS that were diagnosed by colour Doppler or venography,were included in this study. Among the cases,the disease course was shorter than 3 weeks in 13 patients,who presented with acute iliac-femoral vein thrombosis; in the other 14 patients,the disease course was longer than 3 weeks,showing the symptoms of chronic venous thrombosis. Venous puncture was performed via the contralateral femoral vein in 13 cases,and through the ipsilateral popliteal vein in 14. Venous filter was placed in 11 cases before thrombolysis,while in the other 16 cases,no filter was used. All of the patients received catheter-directed thrombolysis,afterwards,7 of them underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty,and the other 20 received angioplasty plus stent placement. Results In the 13 patients,who received venous puncture via the contralateral femoral approach,the guide wire could advance through the stenosis successfully in 8 patients but failed in 5. Ipsilateral popliteal vein puncture were then employed and succeeded in all the patients. Ipsilateral popliteal puncture were performed successfully in 14 patients. In 11 patients,inferior vena cava filter was placed before the procedure. In this series,the thrombolysis time was (85?16) h with a dose of (3000?320) thousand units urokinase. The thrombosis was dissolved completely in 13 acute patients and partial dissolution was attained in 14 patients in whom blood flow signal were detected color Doppler. After the operation,venogram showed complete patent iliac veins in all of the 27 cases. The patients were followed up for 6 to 26 months (mean,11 months). During the period,19 patients obtained patent iliac-femoral vein with the symptoms disappeared; 8 patients met the standard of improvement. Conclusions Interventional technique can be the first-line treatment for left iliac vein compression syndrome because of its favorable result and minimal invasion.

Objective To study the method and effectiveness of interventional therapy for the stenotic or obstructive inferior vena cava(IVC) caused by hepatic cancer. Methods All together 6 patients were enroled, 4 males and 2 females, with age of 45 to 58 years, average 53 years. The main symptoms including abdominal distention, varices on abdominal walls and edema in lower extremities were caused by compression or involvement of IVC with right hepatic lobe lesion. We performed thrombolysis first and follower by balloon dilation and stent placement. Results IVC were recanalized in all 6 patients with free patent blood flow. The postal venous pressure dropped from 4.4 kPa to 2.1 kPa without major complications. Conclusions Treating the IVC stenosis and obstruction caused by primary liver cancer with interventional method is safe and effective together with improvement of life quality and prolongation of survival time. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 537-538)

The expression of inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) in peripheral blood T lymphocytes from the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the role in the pathogenesis of SLE was investigated. By using two-color immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometric assay, the expression levels of ICOS in peripheal blood T lymphocytes from 33 patients with SLE and 16 healthy volunteers were detected. SLE diseases activity index (SLEDAI) of the patients with SLE was used to evaluate the disease activity. The correlation between the ICOS expression and SLEDAI was analyzed among the groups. The results showed that the expression levels of ICOS in T lymphocytes in active SLE group was markedly higher than those in the control and inactive SLE groups (both P< 0.01). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of ICOS between the inactive SLE and the control groups (P>0.05). In active SLE and inactive SLE groups, positive linear correlation was found between the levels of the ICOS expression in T lymphocytes and SLEDAI (r=0. 711, P=0.001; r=0.561, P=0.03). It was suggested that the expression of ICOS in peripheral blood T lymphocytes from the patients with active SLE was up-regulated and and ICOS might be related to the pathogenesis of SLE.
Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/*biosynthesis ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/etiology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology

Objective To explore the clinical features of systemic onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) with atlantoaxial subluxation as the initial manifestation. Methods The clinical data from one SoJIA patient with atlantoaxial subluxation as the initial manifestation were retrospectively analyzed. Results A 9-year-old boy presented the head and neck movement disorder as the ifrst symptom, developed fever on the third day, then rapidly progressed on 23rd day, with a sharp decline in red blood cell, platelet, and hemoglobin, blood coagulation dysfunction, and a large number of bilateral pulmonary exudation. Ultrasonography showed excess lfuid in abdomen, chest, and pericardium. According to the 2001 version of the revised International College of Rheumatology standard, the diagnosis of SoJIA combined macrophage activation syndrome was conifrmed. Then treated with hemoperfusion, ifltration, and methylprednisolone combined with cyclosporine A, the disease was in remission. Conclusion For children with spontaneous atlantoaxial subluxation accompanied by the systemic symptoms, with no obvious skeletal deformity or acute inlfammation etc., should be alerted to the consideration of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objective: To observe the effect of interventional embolization in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with common trunk of prostatic artery (PA) and dorsal penile artery. Methods: Data of 29 BPH patients with common trunk of PA and dorsal penis artery treated with interventional embolization were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among 29 patients, superselective embolization of PA with small PVA particles (diameter 150-300 μm) was successfully performed in 12 cases. Postembolization angiography showed that the prostatic parenchyma staining disappeared, while the dorsal penis artery existed. Clinical symptoms were significantly improved in these 12 patients, and no penis-related complications occurred. However, microcatheter could not enter into PA in the rest 17 cases, among them conventional embolization with small PVA particles was performed in 2 cases, the symptoms such as dysuria were significantly improved after operation, but penile ischemia and necrosis occurred. Embolization with large PVA particles (350-560 μm in diameter) was performed in 3 cases, no complication of penile occurred after operation, but the improvement of symptoms was limited. The other 12 cases were embolized with small PVA particles after temporary ligation on the root of penis with rubber strips, the symptoms were obviously improved after operation, and no complication of penis ischemia nor necrosis occurred. Conclusion: Interventional embolization is effective for BPH patients with common trunk of prostate artery and dorsal penis artery. The details of embolization should be individually adjusted according to vascular anatomy and the possibility of superselection.