Purpose:To evaluate the clinical efficacy ,clinical-benefit-response (CBR) and toxicity of gemcitabine single-agent in the treatment of elderly advanced cancer. Methods:54 elderly patients with grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ were treaded with gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m~(2) on day 1,8 and 15 in each 28-day cycle. The clinical efficacy and toxicity were estimated according to the standard of WHO and the CBR was evaluated simultaneously. Results:Of 32 advanced NSCLC patients , obtained the partial response (PR) of 21.88% .The CBR rate of 90.7% was reached in 54 patients. The toxicity was mild and well tolerated for elderly patients. Conclusions:Gemcitabine single-agent in the treatment of elderly advanced cancer is highly effective, low toxic and safe. Therefore, it could be considered as first line therapy for elderly advanced cancer.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is an acute skin inflammation,which belongs to heavy drug eruption.With the extensive and widespread use of antibiotics,nonsteroidal antipyretic analgesics and other pharmacotherapies in the treatment of critically ill patients,the trend of morbidity of TEN is gradually increased,especially in intensive care unit.In consideration of the high mortality rate of TEN and its great influence on the overall prognosis of patients with critical illness,we summarized the diagnosis and treatment experiences in the management of TEN based on retrospective analysis of one patient with severe acute pancreatitis and TEN.

Objective To study the feasibility and efficacy of endovascular thoracic aortic repair supported by preliminary arterial bypass. Methods From June 2003 to Jan. 2005, eight patients underwent endovascular repair (EVR) combined with supportive arterial reconstruction in the thoracic aorta. Five patients had Debakey type Ⅲ aortic dissection aneurysm (ADA), and the remaining 3 had descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DTAA), aortic arch aneurysm and aortic arch pseudoaneurysm respectively. The proximal landing zone was measured less than 15 mm in all instances by contrast-enhanced CT scan and digital subtraction angiography. The preliminary right-left axillary bypass was performed in an ADA case in whom the distance from the primary entry site to the origin of the left common carotid artery was longer than 15mm,and the right- left carotid and left carotid-subclavian bypass in the remaining 7 cases. EVR was conducted 1 week after the bypass. Results All procedures were performed successfully. However, the DTAA patient died of the hemispheric cerebral infarction and subsequent multiple system organ failure, albeit the uneventful recovery from the prior cervical reconstruction. Type Ⅱ endoleak occurred at the completion of EVR in the patient receiving the axillary bypass, but disappeared on 3-month CT. No neurological deficits or limb ischemia developed perioperatively or during the follow-up raging from 3 to 22 months, and complete thrombosis of the thoracic aortic false lumen or of the aneurysm/pseudoaneurysm was revealed on CT at 3 months in the 7 patients. Conclusion The adjunctive surgical bypass appeared to be feasible and effective in creating extra proximal landing zone for endovascular thoracic aortic repair, and thus broaden its application.

Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA) syndrome is a rare autoinflammatory bone disease, which caused by proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1) gene mutations.Due to a lack of awareness of it among clinicians, PAPA syndrome is hard to diagnose and easy to be misdiagnosed or miss-diagnosed clinically.In this paper, twin brothers with recurrent fever and joints pain were reported.They were diagnosed with suppurative arthritis by many hospitals, but after receiving the joint cavity incision operation with negative pressure drainage for several times and antibiotics treatment, their conditions were not improved.Genetic tests showed that the twin brothers had a heterozygous mutation p. E250K (NM003978.3; c.748 G>A; p.Glu250Lys) on the PSTPIP1 gene.They were finally diagnosed with PAPA syndrome and improved with glucocorticoid therapy.

a adrenoceptor-mediated increases in smooth muscle tone of the prostate gland and urethra acts as a dynamic factor for BPH-related obstruction of the urethra, a1 adrenoceptor antagonists are considered as the first-line therapy for the patients with BPH. The search for selective a1A a-drenoceptor antogonists with high uroselectivity is strategical for drug discovery research.

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in preoperative diagnosis and staging of suspected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC).Methods The clinical data of 116 patients (72 males,44 females;age range 26-89 years) with suspected EHCC from January 2013 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received preoperative whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT scan.The imaging results were compared with final clinical diagnosis.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT were calculated.Two-sample t test was applied to compare lesion SUVmax of malignant and benign diseases.One-way analysis of variance was applied to compare SUVmax of highly,moderately and poorly differentiated tumors.x2 test was used to compare the difference of diagnostic sensitivities for hilar cholangiocarcinomas and common bile duct tumors.Results All patients were confirmed by exploratory laparotomy and subsequent histologic examination.A total of 94 cases (93 adenocarcinomas and 1 squamous carcinoma) were confirmed malignant and 22 cases (11 biliary calculi,9 cholangitis,1 choledochal cyst,1 tuberculosis) were confirmed benign.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for primary tumor were 61.7％ (58/94),77.3％ (17/22),92.1％ (58/63),32.1％ (17/53),64.7％ (75/116),respectively.The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for regional lymph node metastasis were 45.5％(15/33),91.4％(53/58),and those for distant metastasis were 3/4,94.3％(82/87).The SUVmax of malignant tumors were higher than that of benign lesions (4.57± 3.75,2.72± 2.48;t =2.83,P＜ 0.05),while the differences of SUVmax among highly,moderately and poorly differentiated tumors were not significant (4.89±4.75,4.23±2.49,4.47±2.73;F=0.269,P＞0.05).18F-FDG PET/CT showed a lower sensitivity in hilar cholangiocarcinomas than that in common bile duct tumors,while no statistical significance was observed:48.6％ (17/35) vs 69.0％ (40/58),x2=3.827,P＞0.05.Conclusions The value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in preoperative diagnosis and staging of EHCC is limited.It can distinguish some benign diseases from malignant tumors,but with higher false positive for cholangitis.It can help to adjust treatment strategies by detecting distant metastasis.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of cardiac pacing with a His bundle lead on cardiac electrophysiological and haemodynamical action in dogs and the experience of location technique with His bundle pacing lead. METHODS: With opening chest operation in general-anesthetized dogs, a special lead was located at His bundle based on a typical "H" wave and narrow duration of the QRS wave recorded in ECG; Platinum leads were fixed at the epicardium of the right ventricular apex (RVA) respectively, forming HisB- VVI pacing,RVA- VVI pacing. Cardiac electrophysiological and haemodynamical parameters were compared in sinus rhythm and the different pacing models. RESULTS: The threshold of HisB pacing is similar to that of RVA pacing. Cardiac output(CO)is increased about 18.81% in HisB- VVI pacing than self. It is decreased about 5.41% in RVA- VVI pacing. SV is similar to self,but it is 25.59% higher in HisB- VVI than RVA- VVI . LVSW and RVSW in His B- VVI pacing is superior to that in RVA- VVI . CONCLUSION: His bundle pacing significantly improves cardiac function compared with the RVA- VVI pacing because it can maintain normal physiological electronic activation sequence and systolic synchrony and have a better haemodynamics effect.neral-anesthetizeddogs,as

Objective To investigate the expression of inositol requiting enzyme1 α (IRE1 α) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and its significance through establishing models of intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury (IIRI) in rats.Methods According to the random number table,50 male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:sham operation group (n =10) and ischemia reperfusion (I/R) group (n =40).Sham group animals underwent laparotomy.I/R group rats were subjected to occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 30 min;then the blood flow was restored.I/R group animals were divided into 4 subgroups:2 h,6 h,12 h,24 h according to the time of reperfusion.Eight rats were examined based on the number of live rats in each subgroup.The HE staining pathological changes in intestinal samples were observed by the light microscope.The small intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis index (AI) was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).The expression levels of intestinal tissues tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and plasma intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (Ⅰ-FABP) were detected by ELISA tests.Situ end labeling method was used to detect intestinal cell AI.Western blot was applied to investigate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) proteins IRE1α,phosphorylation IREIα (p-IRE1 α) and TRAF2 in all group rats intestinal tissues.Results (1)The pathological changes showed that the intestinal injury of I/R groups was more severe than that of sham group,especially at 6 h.(2) Compared with sham group,the expression levels of TNF-α [sham group (16.41 ± 4.44)ng/ L,2 h group:(79.71 ± 8.20) ng/L,6 h group:(131.70 ± 11.59) ng/L,12 h group:(94.23 ±7.66) ng/L,24 h group:(69.78 ± 9.58) ng/L],AI[sham group:(3.93 ±0.77)％,2 h group:(16.24 ± 1.97)％,6 h group:(42.19 ±2.40)％,12 h group:(37.79 ± 2.34)％,24 h goup:(10.38 ±1.46)％] and plasma Ⅰ-FABP [sham group:(0.65 ±0.10) × 103 ng/L,2 h group:(1.47 ±0.10) ×103 ng/L,6 h group:(2.36 ±0.17) ×103 ng/L,12 h group:(37.79 ±2.34) ×103 ng/L,24 group:(l.41 ±0.09) × 103 ng/L] were higher (F =231.462,149.032,162.491,all P ＜ 0.01).(3) The expression of TRAF-2 protein and p-IRE1 α/IRE1 α could be up-regulated after IIRI (F =40.473,59.59,P ＜ 0.01).The expression of these proteins was up-regulated 2 h after reperfusion,peaking at 6-12 h reperfusion,and then decreased at 24 h,and the variation tendencies of all groups were the same.Conclusions IIRI could induce ERS,activate IRE1 α and up-regulate TRAF2.IRE1α/TRAF2 mediating ERS might be involved in regulating the cell inflammation,apoptosis and increasing intestinal permeability after IIRI.

Objective To observe the regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal and the release of inflammation factors after angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) stimulation in rat mesangial cells under high glucose condition,revealing the innate immune-related mechanism of injury by Ang Ⅱ on mesangial cells under high glucose.Methods After synchronization,cells incubated with Ang Ⅱ (10-7 mmo/L) and/or high glucose (25 mmol/L) were used as the stimulation group,cells without stimulation were as normal control (5.6 mmol/L glucose).To determine the role of TLR4 and the adaptor myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88),equal number of HBZY-1 cells were added with 10-5 mmol/L irbesartan and/or TLR4 blocker (10 mg/L) for 1 h and then incubated with Ang Ⅱ (10-7 mmo/L) and/or high glucose (25 mmol/L) for 12 h or 24 h respectively.Real-time PCR was used to analyze TLR4 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA expression after 12 h.Immunofluorescence was used to observe TLR4 protein expression after 24 h; Western blotting was used to observe TLR4,MyD88 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) protein; ELISA was used to detect the concentration of MCP-1,IL-6 in cell supernatant respectively.Results Compared with normal control group,TLR4 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA were highly expressed in high glucose or Ang Ⅱ-induced HBZY-1 cells (P ＜ 0.01),TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB protein as well as MCP-1,IL-6 were also up-regulated significantly (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with high glucose or Ang Ⅱ group,MyD88 and NF-κB protein as well as MCP-1,IL-6 were further up-regulated markedly in Ang Ⅱ and high glucose costimulated group (P ＜ 0.01).In HBZY-1 cells that were preincubated with irbesartan and/or TLR4 blocker,TLR4 and MyD88 protein expression were obviously inhibited,IL-6 and MCP-1 production were also decreased remarkably compared with high glucose and/or Ang Ⅱ group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions High glucose and Ang Ⅱ stimulate the release of proinflammatory factors in rat glomerular mesangial cells via TLR4-MyD88 pathway.This process is inhibited by irbesartan or TLR4 blocker via modulation of the signal.Ang Ⅱ has the positive-regulation potential on the release of inflammation factors via TLR4 signal in rat mesangial cells under high glucose condition.

Objective: To observe the effects of Small Qinglong Decoction medicine-containing serum on ASMC proliferation action induced by ET-1.Methods: There were six groups in the experiment: normal group(10% normal control serum),model group(ET-1 added 10% normal control serum),Small Qinglong Decoction high dose group(ET-1 added 10% Small Qinglong Decoction high dose serum),Small Qinglong Decoction middle dose group(ET-1 added 10% Small Qinglong Decoction middle dose serum),Small Qinglong Decoction low dose group(ET-1 added 10% Small Qinglong Decoction low dose serum) and Dexamethasone group(ET-1 added 10% Dexamethasone serum),eight slots every group.ASMC proliferation status of 24h,48h and 72h were detected with MTT chromometry.Results: Compared with model group,ASMC proliferation in Small Qinglong Decoction low dose group medicine-containing serum each stage and middle dose group24h and 72h all had significant difference(P