Objective To explore the correlation of urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio,UACR) and blood pressure in young people.Methods Totally 200 cases of hypertensive patients (aged 18 ～50 years old) from January 2012 to March 2014 and 200 healthy volunteers who had medical examination in our hospital were selected with a random sampling method for staff questionnaires,biochemical tests,and physical examinations.Biochemical tests included kidney function,blood glucose,blood lipids,blood uric acid,and UACR.First,400 cases were divided into four groups (1,2,3,and 4 groups) according to UACR quartiles from low to high.Second,400 cases were divided into three groups according to their blood pressure:normal blood pressure,prehypertension,and hypertension.The correlation of UACR and different groups of blood pressure was analyzed.Results For norm blood pressure group,prehypertension,hypertension,the corresponding UACR level (median:25％ ～ 75％ quartile) was 0.8 (0.6 ～ 1.2) mg/mmol,0.9 (0.7 ～ 1.4) mg/mmol,1.0 (0.8 ～ 1.7) mg/mmol;positive UACR rate was 0,2.6％,and 34.7％,three groups UACR levels and positive UACR rate index differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).After age factor was adjusted for 400 cases,both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were positively correlated with UACR levels.After body mass index,age,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were adjusted for 400 cases,compared to group 1,the ratio of prehypertension to hypertension (95％ confidence intervals) in groups 2,3,and 4 was 0.98 (0.80 ～ 1.20),1.29 (1.05 ～ 1.58),and 1.86 1.52 ～2.28).Conclusions Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was positively correlated with prehypertension and hypertension in young people.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with the characteristics of holistic view and treatment based on syndrome differentiation, has rich clinical experience thousands of years and demonstrates promising effects to cure complex disease. However, due to the features of multi-component, multi-target and synergistic effect existed in TCM, the effective substances and mechanisms of action are not clear, the qualities of TCM are out of control, and scientific and correct assess system is waiting to be established. The network pharmacology is a novel subject based on the construction of multi-layer networks of disease-phenotype-gene-drug to predict the drug targets in a holistic view, and promote efficiency of drug discovery. Methodologically, network pharmacology integrated the notions of comprehensive research and systematic assessment which agree with the characteristics of holistic view and treatment based on syndrome differentiation in Chinese medicine. Our paper reviewed the challenge and chance within the modernization of TCM, the concept and technology of network pharmacology, and its preliminary application in investigation of TCM. The theoretical system of network pharmacology is emphasized, and the potential prospect of its application in modernization in TCM is focused.

Objective To investigate metabolic characteristics and insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes pa-tients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease .Methods Two hundred patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus including 140 with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (NAFLD group) and 60 without NAFLD (non-NAFLD group) were recruited. Metabolic characteristic were measured and recorded .homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR) index and HOMA-C were used to assess insulin resistance .Results were compared between two groups .Results Compared with non-NAFLD group, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), uric acid ( UA) , triglyceride ( TG) , low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) ,fasting insulin ( FINS) , fasting C peptide ( FCP) , gly-cated hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c), HOMA-IR, and HOMA-C were significantly higher in the NAFLD group ( P <0.05).Logistics re-gression analysis showed that BMI , TG, GGT, and UA were risk factots for NAFLD ( P <0.05, OR =1.82, 1.53, 1.37, and 1.09 ) .Conclusions Compared patients without NAFLD , newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD present more meta-bolic disturbance, and severely insulin resistance.Obesity and the increased level of postprandial UA , triglyceridemia, and GGT might increase the risk of NAFLD in the patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus .

Object Effects of Bacillus licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester C2-13 on antioxidative activities of dried flower of Carthamus tinctorius L. (DFCT) were studied. Methods Clearance of hydroxyl radical was determined by 1, 10-phenanthroline-Fe~(2+) oxidative assay. The hemolysis of red blood cells, MDA production in hematocytolysis liver homogenate were measured by colorimetric assay. Products of fermentation were analyzed by HPLC. Results C2-13 can increase greatly antioxidative activities of DFCT. Using HPLC assay, it is observed that the fermentation and processing by the strain can improve the effective components of DFCT. Conclusion Some effective components of DFCT may be biotransformed by C2-13, so that the antioxidative activities are promoted.

Objective:To investigate the immume mechanism and protective effect of DNA vaccine pcD flaB against pathogenic leptospira infection. Methods: DNA vaccine pcD flaB was constructed by inserting flaB into the eucaryotic expressing plasmid pcDNA3. After guinea pigs were infected with leptospira, the protective rate was observed and specific anti leptospira antibody IgG were tested by ELISA. TNF activity was tested by cell proliferation. Results:The protective rate against leptospira infection was 100%. The specific antibody IgG generated peaked at the 6th week. Activity of TNF released by macrophage of guinea pigs given DNA vaccine was higher than that not given vaccine. Conclusion:DNA vaccine pcD flaB can protect guinea pigs from leptospira challenge infection by inducing humoral immune response and increasing TNF activity.

Objective To evaluate the role of oxidative stress in the spinal neurotoxicity induced by ropivacaine in rats.Methods Ninety pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-320 g,aged 3 months,in which intrathecal catheter was successfully implanted into L5,6 interspace without complications,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),ropivacaine group (group R),and antioxidant Tempol group (group T).The rats received 1％ ropivacaine 1.2 μg/g for 8 times at 1.5 h intervals through the catheter in R and T groups,while the rats received the equal volume of normal saline instead in group C.In T group,Tempol 20 μg/g was injected intrathecally at 4,8,12,24,48 and 72 h after the last injection of ropivacaine.The rats were sacrificed at 1,3,5,7 and 14 days after the end of ropivacaine injection,and their lumbar enlargements were removed for TUNEL staining to detect the cell apoptosis.SOD activity was determined by colorimetry and MDA content was measured using TBA photoelectric colorimetry.Apoptosis index was calculated.Results Compared with group C,apoptosis index and MDA content were significantly increased,and SOD activity was decreased in R and T groups.Compared with group R,apoptosis index and MDA content were significantly decreased,and SOD activity was increased in group T.Conclusion Oxidative stress is involved in the development of spinal neurotoxicity induced by ropivacaine in rats.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) ,carbohydrate antigen 125(CA-125) and high sensitive CRP(Hs-CRP) levels in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) ,to evaluate the severity of CHF using the three markers alone or in combination .Methods A total of 62 patients with CHF(CHF group) from our hospital were select-ed .Among them ,13 cases were in NYHA class Ⅱ ,27 cases were in class Ⅲ and 22 cases were in class Ⅳ .The control group in-cluded 54 patients without CHF .Serum levels of NT-proBNP ,CA-125 and Hs-CRP were detected in CHF group and control group . The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were detected by echocardiography .Results The serum levels of NT-proBNP ,CA-125 and Hs-CRP of CHF group before treatment were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0 .01) ,and the serum levels increased with the degree of severity of heart failure .There were statistically significant difference among patients in NYHA classⅡ ,class Ⅲ and class Ⅳ (P< 0 .01) .There was a high correlation between NT-proBNP ,CA-125 and LVEF (NT-proBNP vs . LVEF ,r=0 .934 ,P<0 .01 ;CA-125 vs .LVEF ,r=0 .878 ,P<0 .01) ,a low correlation between Hs-CRP and LVEF(r=0 .437 ,P<0 .05) .Compared with the single marker detection ,the combined detection of NT-proBNP ,CA-125 and Hs-CRP increased the AUC .Conclusion The combined detection of NT-proBNP ,CA-125 and Hs-CRP can increase the value of the observed severity of heart failure .

7 and the course of GO

Background and purpose:Lung cancer is one of most common diseases,The number of new cases of lung cancer are more than 500 000 per year in the world and it has been ranked as number one in terms of incidence of malignant tumors in China.Unfortunately about 40 percent of the patients were diagnosed as locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Elderly patients with NSCLC also showed an increasing trend in the past years.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine(GEM) and carboplatin(CBP) used as induction regimen in the treatment of elderly patients with locally advanced unresectable NSCLC.Methods:42 cases of elderly patients have been cytologically and pathologically confirmed with locally advanced unresectable NSCLC,the age of the patients ranged from 65 to 75.The patients were treated with the combined regimen of gemcitabine and cisplatin.GEM 1 000 mg/m2 intravenously injected by drip on the 1st,8th day and the dosage of CBP was AUC 5 that was used on the 1st day,21 days apart to each cycle,most patients received 2-3 cycles.Treatment response was evaluated according to the criteria of RECIST(Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor),the side effect of the regimen was judged based on WHO criteria.Results:42 patients were evaluable and received a total of 89 cycles chemotherapy.There were no complete regression that could be observed,but 17 cases had partial regression(PR),22 cases with no change(NC) and 3 cases with progression disease(PD).The overall response rate was 40.5%.The main side effects were hematological toxicity.Conclusions:The GC regimen could be used as induction treatment for elderly patients with locally advanced unresectable NSCLC,and the regimen could be well tolerated and is safe in terms of side effects.

Objective To investigate the effects of continuous spinal anesthesia with different concentrations and doses of ropivacaine on the ultrastructure of the spinal cord and nerve roots. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 220-280 g were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 300-350 mg/kg. A polyurethane microcatheter was inserted into the lumbar subarachnoid space according to the technique described by Yaksh. An 8-cm catheter segment was left in the subarachnoid space. The animals were randomized to receive normal saline, 0.5%, 0.75% or 1.0% ropivacaine 40 ? 1 intrathecally 3 times at 1.5 h interval. Six hours after the first intrathecal administration the animals were decapitated and L1 ,2 segment of the spinal cord and nerve roots were immediately removed for electron microscopic examination. Results Electron microscopic examination revealed that in animals which received intrathecal (i.t.) normal saline, 0.5% or 0.75% ropivacaine the neurolemma of the nerve roots and the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum of the neurons in the spinal cord were intact, while in animals which received i.t. 1.0% ropivacaine the neurolemma was stratified and partly disrupted and there were swelling of endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole degeneration. Conclusion Six hours continuous spinal anesthesia with 1.0% ropivacaine may be injurious to the spinal cord and nerve roots.