Objective To investigate the dynamic expression of Nogo-A receptor (NgR) in the hippocampus following focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods The focal cerebral ischemia model was established by electrocoagulating the right middle cerebral artery in rats.The expression of NgR in the ischemic hippocampal CA1,CA2 and CA3 regions at different time points after cerebral ischemia were detected by immunohistochemical staining.Results The expressions of NgR were up-regulated in hippocampal CA1 and CA2 regions at the first day,in the CA3 region at the second day after cerebral ischemia; the expressions of NgR in the CA1 and CA2 regions at the fifth day was decreased to the lowest.The expressions of NgR was up-regulated again in the CA1 and CA2 regions at the 28th day.Conclusions The NgR expression in the hippocampus in ischemic side showed different change characteristics at different regions,however,the overall change trend showed a 2 peaks and a valley phenomenon,which indicated that NgR might have different functions at different time periods after cerebral ischemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the selection of dilivery of pregnant women and related factors.MethodsThe selection of delivery modes for pregnant women was investigated by analyzing the associated factors of the infants registered into a computerized health care managing system from January 1,2008 to December 31,2010 at a local community of Shanghai.The information associated with delivery modes of their mothers was collected and the choice of delivery modes investigated through a standardized questionnaire by interviewing the mothers at two months after birth.ResultsThe cesarean section (C/S)rate of pregnant women residing in this local area was 58.3 ％ (224/384).In the C/S group,the percentages of delivery age ≥24 yr,white-collar workers,education level at high school and above and monthly income ≥ 3000 yuan were 73.2％ ( 164/224 ),38.4％ ( 86/224 ),79.5％ ( 178/224 ) and 80.8％ ( 181/224 )respectively.And they were all higher than those of vaginal delivery (63.1％,n =101; 32.5％,n =52;69.4％,n =111; 70.6％,n =113 ).The choices of C/S depended on the existences of maternal,fetal,social-psychological and others factors during pregnancy.Most pregnant women and families who chose C/S without medical indications were afraid of pain ( 33.9％ ) or a failure of vaginal delivery ( 30.5％ ).ConclusionsThe social-psychological factors of pregnant women are important in the choices of delivery modes.Unnecessary C/S could be reduced by improving their knowledge of delivery with meticulous prenatal health care consultations.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered as an intermediate clinical state between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The cognitive function and life ability of patients are normal, which have not met the criteria of AD. MCI is considered to be an earlier stage of AD. The clinical effects of AD in the middle or late stage are unsatisfactory. Therefore, studies on MCI have become the hot research areas both at home and abroad. The therapy of MCI is similar to AD. The treatment effect is uncertain. Hence, the understanding and treatment of MCI by TCM reflected TCM features. This article reviewed on TCM understanding of MCI, TCM syndrome differentiation criteria and TCM treatment methods of MCJ. Thus, it was aimed to further understand the dynamic of MCI in order to provide references for improving TCM clinical effects and reducing the incidence of AD.

Objective To real?timely monitor the environment in the forestry schistosomiasis control project(CFSCP)area and to early warn the status of Oncomelania hupensis snails in the schistosomiasis endemic area. Methods Based on ArcGIS Engine 10.1 software,the Geographic Information System(GIS)platform of the forestry schistosomiasis project of real?time mon?itoring,early warning and emergency management in Renshou County,Sichuan Province,was designed and established. Re?sults The functions of the platform mainly included real?time monitoring of the environment in CFSCP area,and early warning of the crisis status of O. hupensis snails,as well as editing the map of snail distribution,query,spatial analysis and other GIS functions. Conclusion This platform could provide the scientific support to the forestry administrative department of the CF?SCP area.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)includes Crohn’s disease (CD)and ulcerative colitis (UC).The differential diagnosis between CD and UC mainly depends on clinical symptoms,endoscopy,pathological biopsy,laboratory and imaging examinations.In recent years,studies with a variety of IBD-related biomarkers develop rapidly because of its non-invasiveness,simple and easily acceptable.With the development of genome-wide association study (GWAS),great progress has been achieved in studies of gene mutations and susceptibility genes related with CD and UC,which provides new approach for diagnosis of the disease.This article reviewed the advances in studies on serum biomarkers and susceptibility genes in differential diagnosis of IBD.

Objective To observe the effect of S-band micro-wave long-term intermittent irradiation on endocrine function in rats.Methods A total of 192 rats (male and female) were randomly divided into the sham-irradiation (normal control) groups and the irradiation groups.The irradiation groups were exposed with micro-wave at 3 dosages of 4,10 and 20 mW/cm2 for 6 min twice a week for 12 weeks,while no administration was given to control group.The endocrine parameters in blood serum were examined by radioimmunoassay at 4,8,12 week during irradiation and 4 week post-irradiation.Results After the irradiation of S-band microwave,parts of the endocrine parameters changed.T3 in famale rats decreased at first and then increased,especially in 10 mW/cm2 group at 8 and 12 week,20 mW/cm2 group at 4 and 12week(t =-2.586,-2.642,-5.075,-4.365,P <0.05).FT3 in famale rats had the similar trend asT3,significantly lower in 4 and 10 mW/cm2 groups than that in the control group at 4 week (t = 2.275,2.510,P <0.05),then increased,especially in three irradiation groups at 12 week (t =-2.636,-2.851,-5.240,P < 0.05).TSH decreased at 4 week,especially in 10 mW/cm2 group (t = 2.300,P < 0.05) ; and then increased in the irradiation groups at 20 mW/cm2 at 8 and 12 week (t =-2.838,-3.651,P <0.05).COR and ACTH in male rats showed changes in volatility,in which the 4,10 and 20 mW/cm2 groups at 8 week increased significantly (t =-2.772,-2.234,-2.505,P < 0.05),while 20 mW/cm2 group at 12 week decreased significantly (t=3.067,P < 0.05).E2 in female rats was slightly lower in irradiation groups at 4 week than the control group,then increased,especially in 10 mW/cm2 group at 8 week,three irradiation groups at 12 week (t =-2.322,-3.179,-2.655,-4.716,P < 0.05),and returned to the normal at 4 week post-irradiation,significantly lower in 4 mW/cm2 group than that in the control group (t = 2.250,P < 0.05).T in male rats increased first and then decreased,especially in 10 mW/cm2 group at 8 week(t =-2.435,P < 0.05).After exposure the above indexes restored to some extent.Conclusions The long-term intermittent irradiation of S-band microwave can cause adverse effects on the endocrine function of rats.

OBJECTlVE To observe the effect of soybean isofIavone( SI)on the expression of nephrin and investigate its protection mechanism in the kidney of diabetic rats. METHODS A diabetic rat modeI was induced after streptozocin(STZ)60 mg·kg-1 was injected into Sprague-DawIey rats. After 72 h,SI 40,120 and 360 mg·kg-1 was ip given to rats in SI groups,respectiveIy,once daiIy,for 8 weeks. The concentration of fasting bIood gIucose( FBG)was determined by a bIood gIucose meter. Urine protein(UP)of 24 h was determined using ELISA. The concentration of serum creatinine(SCr),bIood urea nitrogen(BUN),maIondiaIdehyde(mDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)was determined by an automatic biochemicaI anaIyzer. The expression of nephrin,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and NF-κB protein in renaI tissue was measured by Western bIotting,respectiveIy. RESULTS Compared with normaI controI group,the concentration of FBG,24 h UP,BUN,SCr and mDA in modeI group was aII siginificantIy increased(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01),but SOD was decreased( P﹤0.01).Compared with modeI group,BUN in SI 40,120 and 360 mg·kg-1 groups decreased from(24.3±6.3)mmoI·L-1 to(16.8±4.9), (13.4±5.4)and(7.7±1.2)mmoI·L-1 ,respectiveIy,24 h UP in SI 360 mg·kg-1 group decreased from (1.26±0.45)mg to(0.88±0.15)mg( P﹤0.01),SCr decreased from(56.4±8.4)μmoI·L-1 to(35.3± 4.3)μmoI·L-1(P﹤0.01),mDA decreased from(8.32±1.40)μmoI·L-1 to(5.33±0.95)μmoI·L-1(P﹤0.01), but SOD in SI 120 and 360 mg·kg-1 groups increased from(125.5 ±2.4)kU·L-1 to 144.2 ±9.2 and (169.2±3.2)kU·L-1(P﹤0.01). Compared with SI 120 mg·kg-1 ,SCr,BUN and mDA in SI 360 mg·kg-1 group were aII siginificantIy Iower(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01),but SOD was higher(P﹤0.01). Compared with normaI controI group,the expression of nephrin protein greatIy decreased(P﹤0.01),whiIe the expres-sion of TNF-α protein greatIy increased in modeI group( P ﹤0.01). Compared with modeI group,the expression of nephrin protein greatIy increased in SI 40,120 and 360 mg·kg-1 groups(P﹤0.01),whiIe the expression of TNF-α and NF-κB protein greatIy decreased in SI 120 and 360 mg·kg-1 groups(P﹤0.01). CONCLUSlON The mechanism by which SI protects the kidney may be partIy reIated to anti-infIammation,antioxidation and increasing the expression of nephrin in diabetic rats.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of subarachnoid block anesthesia in endoulogy minimally invasive surgery of el-derly patients. METHODS:198 elderly patients underwent endoulogy minimally invasive surgery were randomly divided into obser-vation group (100 cases) and control group (98 cases). Observation group received subarachnoid block anesthesia,and control group received epidural anesthesia. The anesthesia onset time,anesthesia dose,surgery time,complete block time,satisfaction de-gree of anesthesia effect,the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:Anesthesia onset time and complete block time of observation group were (1.5 ± 0.6) min and (7.9 ± 3.9)min,which were significantly shorter than those of control group (4.5 ± 1.2) and (17.5 ± 4.3) min,with statistical significance (P<0.05). The anesthesia dose of observation group was (20.2 ± 4.8)mg,which was significantly lower than that of control group [(103.4 ± 20.1)mg],with statistical significance (P<0.05);the satisfaction degree of anesthesia effect was 95.0% in observation group,which was significantly higher than that of con-trol group(69.4%),with statistical significance(P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in surgery time and the incidence of ADR between observation group and control group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Subarachnoid block anesthesia consumes small dose,acts rapidly and shows significant anesthesia effect,it is used for endoulogy minimally invasive surgery of elderly patients.

Objective: In order to solve the problem of moisture absorption for Biantong Capsule, the extract granule of Chinese medicine is covered with HPMC for Biantong Capsule. Methods: Taking moisture absorption rate as measure index, various facters effected the moisture absorption rate, and the optimal coating process can be selected with well disturbed uniform design and computer analog test. Results: Under the condition of 25℃, relative moisture 75% and 100% respectively, the moisture absorption rate is lower than uncovered granules, the critic relative moisture of covered granules is greater than that of uncovered granules. Conclusion: Chinese medicine of Biantong Capsule covered with HPCM can be served as a good anti moisture method.

AIM: To establish the quality standard of Puqinxiaoyan Tablets (Radix Scutellariae, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Corydalis Bungeanae, etc.). METHODS: TLC was used for identification of Herba Taraxaci, Herba Corydalis Bungeanae; HPLC was used for the determination of baicalin. RESULTS: The TLC identification was highly specific and the spots clear and concentrated. The linear range of baicalin was from 0.060～ 0.660?g, r = 0.99991, The recovery of the loading was 97.29%, RSD was 2.13%, respectively. The content of baicalin wasn't less than than 9.0mg per tablet. This method was easy to operate with accurate result, high sensitivity and good reproducibility. CONCLUSION: These methods are able to effectively control the quality of Puqinxiaoyan Tablets.