Objective To investigate the treatment of the lower extremity deep venous thrombosis .Methods Sixty patients with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis were analyzed retrospectively .Thirty two patients underwent reteplase thrombosis ,and 28 patients underwent recombinant streptokinase thrombosis ;the effects of each group were compared;and the various complications and adverse events were observed .Results Patients in two groups were all effectively treated ,and the effective rate of reteplase group was higher than recombinant streptokinase group (P<0 .05) .The adverse rate of reteplase group was lower than recombi‐nant streptokinase group ,but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0 .05) .During the follow‐up ,there was no reoccurrence in all 60 patients .Conclusion Reteplase thrombolytic therapy for the lower extremity deep venous thrombosis is safe and effective .

To investigate the effect of the case-centered teaching method in biochemistry teaching. 47 students were divided into two groups :the study group and the control group.The casecentered teaching method was used in the studying group.The control group was taught by traditional method.The final examination showed that the results of the studying group were better than the control group.

Objective To compare the application values of different blood transfusion modes in placenta previa cesarean section.Methods The clinical data in 82 pregnant women with placenta previa undergoing cesarean section in our hospital from February 2013 to January 2016 were collected.The patients were divided into the autologous group (autologous blood stored blood transfusion,n=42) and allogeneic group (allogeneic blood transfusion,n=40) according to different blood transfusion modes.The changes of blood routine indexes such as hemoglobin (Hb),platelet count (PLT),hematocrit (Hct),white blood cell count (WBC) and red blood cell count (RBC) in the two groups before and after operation were recorded.Postpartum blood lossb amounts,autologous and allogeneic blood transfusion volume were compared between the two groups.The pregnant outcomes were observed,and the incidence rates of blood transfusion complications were statistically analyzed.Results (1)The accumulative blood loss volume and allogeneic blood transfusion volume in the autologous group were significantly lower than those in the allogeneic group (P<0.05);(2) PLT and WBC after operation in the two groups were significantly increased,while RBC,Hb and Hct were decreased.The levels of postoperative Hb,PLT and Hct in the autologous group were higher than those in the allogeneic group (P<0.05);(3) the neonatal Apgar scores at 1,5 min after birth,and umbilical artery blood pH value showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05);(4)The total incidence rate of complications in the autologous group was significantly lower than that in the allograft group (P<0.05).Conclusion Adopting autologous blood stored blood transfusion scheme during cesarean section in women with placenta previa has no negative effect on maternal and neonatal outcomes,meanwhile which can reduce the incidence of transfusion complications,is safe and feasible.

It is recommended that cyclophosphamide combined with corticosteroids should be used as the first-line treatment of ANCA ( antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody) associated with systemic vasculitis ( AASV) , however, cyclophosphamide has notable ad-verse reaction of causing pulmonary fibrosis ( PF) . In this paper, whether cyclophosphamide should be used in an AASF patient with PF was analyzed in order to decide whether AASV with PF is one of contraindications of cyclophosphamide in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effects of sericin pretreatment on the expression of extracellular matrix(ECM) associated protein in diabetic nephropathy(DN) rats' kidney.Methods Sixty six male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=12):normal control group,DN model group and sericine pretreatment group.DN rats model in model group and sericine pretreatment group were established by intraperitoneally injection of streptozotocin(STZ).Blood glucose≥16.7 mmol/L was taken as the standard of successful modelization.The rats in sericine pretreatment group were lavaged with sericine(2.4 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) for 35 days before injecting STZ.The enzymic method was used to measure the blood glucose.Type Ⅳ collagen(cⅣ)and laminin(LN)content in the serum were detected by ELBA.The expression of transforming growth factor-β_1,(TGF-β_1)and tissue inhibitors of maprix metalloproteinase-1(TMP-1) protein in the kidney was observed by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of Smad 3 protein in the kidney was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with normal control rats,the blood glucose,cⅣ and LN content in the serum,TGF-β_1,TIMP-1 and Smad 3 expression in the kidney of the model group rats increased obviously(P<0.01).The blood glucose,cⅣ and LN content in the serum,TGF-β_1,TMP-1 and Smad3 expression in the kidney of rats in sericine pretreatment group were significantly lower than those of the rats in model group(P<0.01).Conclusion Sericin pretreatment can inhibit the activation of TGF-β/Smad 3 signal pathway in the kidney of DN rats,and prevent the decrease of MMPs activity induced by up-regulation of TIMP-1.So sericin can prevent accumulation of ECM and glomerulosclerosis during DN,and has satisfactory apotropaic effects on the development of DN.

Objective To investigate the prevention and cure effects of irbesartan on diabetic nephropathy.Methods The tissues of kidneys were harvested for histomorphometry and transmission electron microscope observation.The nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSA) in renal tissue and the level of TNF-? was measured by radio-immunity in serum.Results The glomerular basement membrane thickening,the numbers of total glomerular cells and monocyt cells in a glomerulus in experimental group were less than those of the control group.The NF-?B activity and TNF-? level were positively correlated with glomerular basement membrane thickening.Conclusion The irbesartan can prevent and cure diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting NF-?B and depressing inflammatory response.

Objective To prepare insulin thiolated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (Ins-HA-Cys-NPs)and study its physicochemical properties. Methods The Ins-HA-Cys-NPs was prepared by ultrasonic emulsifying method,and the properties of nanoparticles including morphology,mean diameter,Zeta potential,entrapment efficiency and drug loading efficiency were studied,as well as the cryoprotectant selection.Results The prepared nanoparticles was round in appearance and the mean diameter was(178.5 ±0.8)nm,the polydispersity index was (0.214 ±0.013)and the Zeta potential was -(38.47 ±0.46 )mV,while the entrapment efficiency was (48.85 ±0.66 )%,drug loading efficiency was (4.79 ±0.13 )%;10%mannitol as cryoprotectant provided uniform and well dispersed suspension of nanoparticles with blue opalescence after redispersion.Conclusion The thiolated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles may be used as the carrier for oral drug delivery system of insulin,and it provides a basis for studies on rats in vivo.

Objective To investigate the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on renal gluconeogenesis, and to explore the mechanism of improving glucose control and insulin sensitivity in obese rats.Methods Rats were randomly divided into the obese group (n=30) consumed high-fat diet (HFD) and control group (NC group, n=8).Top 24 of animals fed HFD by change in body mass were subdivided into three groups: obese control group (OB group, n=8), obese under RYGB group (RYGB group, n=8) or sham-operation (sham group, n=8).Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) were performed meanwhile the AUC of blood glucose concentration-time after surgery.Fasting glucose, insulin and lipid were measured respectively and HOMA-IR were calculated.The mRNA level and protein level of the key enzymes (G6P and PEPCK) of renal gluconeogenesis were examined with RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.Results Compared with OB group and Sham group, the body mass, lipid, blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and AUG were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the expression of G6P and PEPCK mRNA and protein were significantly reduced(P<0.05) in RYGBgroup.Conclusions Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery can improve glucose control and insulin resistance, which may be related to the decreased level of mRNA, protein of G6P and PEPCK, reduced gluconeogenesis and glucose output in renal cortex.