Objective To assess the clinical effect of anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle (ATTO) with and without resection in the treatment of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD). Methods Thirty-six patients ( 59 eyes ) with DVD were divided into the standard group ( 30 eyes) and the resection group (29 eyes) by random digits table undertaking ATIO with and without a 7-mm resection. The vertical deviation degree in primary position and the eyeball motility were recorded and evaluated. Results The vertical deviation degree in primary position were 0△-10△ (3.5 △± 2.7△) after 3 months operation in the standard group,while 0△-12△ (3.3△±3.6△) in the resection group. There were no significant differences between two groups (P＞ 0.05). In the standard group, 2 cases revealed +2 inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA), 7 cases revealed +1 and 21 cases revealed 0 after 3 months operation. In the resection group, 1 case revealed +2 IOOA, 4 cases revealed +1 and 24 cases revealed 0 after 3 months operation. There were no significant differences between two groups(P＞ 0.05 ). The presence or absence of IOOA did not influence the result of ATIO for either group. Conclusions ATIO is an effective treatment for DVD and can be used to treat DVD in patients without IOOA. A 7-mm resection with the standard ATIO has no advantage to improve the surgery outcome.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate1812cases of therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)and the clinical drug utilization of cyclosporine.METHODS:Analysis and statistics of cyclosporine TDM data of1812cases(502subjects)in our hospital were carried out.RESULTS:Among all the1st TDM concentration,only41.4%was within the therapeutic window.Constituent ratios of patients whose drug concentration were monitored once,twice,or three times respectively was44.8%,16.3%and11.6%respectively.Among all the subjects undergoing3～4times of TDM,constituent ratio of patients whose drug con-centrations of the1st,2nd,3rd and4th TDM are within therapeutic window are40.6%,48.0%,50.0%and57.9%respec-tively.CONCLUSION:Although TDM is widely used,for some reasons,the constituent ratio of drug concentration within therapeutic window is low and the TDM times are much less than enough.Even TDM is multiple,the status of is not satisfac-tory,So clinics should pay more attention to the phenomenon that the patients’medication can’t be adjusted properly;Mean-while,it correlates with the expensive medication costs,etc.

Objective　 To clone the differentially expressed genes in the retina of rds mouse (the animal model of congenital retinitis pigmentosa) during the disease development. Methods　 The retinal mRNA of rds mouse during the development of retinitis pigmentosa was analyzed by the mRNA differential display. The differentilly expressed mRNA fragments were cloned and sequenced. Results There was obvious difference of gene expression between rds mouse and the control during the development of retinitis pigmentosa. Five differentially expressed bands were cloned and sequenced. One of those had 86% identity (132/154) with the sequence of the human cDNA DKFZp434D1227 from adult testis in GenBank, which was submitted lately (15-Oct-1999) and without much information. The other had lower identity with the sequeces in GenBank. A highly expressed clone in the rds mouse on postnatal day 25 had the same length as another clone in the normal on postnatal day 37, which was not expressed in the rds mouse on day 37. The sequences of the two clones were identical in all but two base pairs. Conclusion　 These results indicate that there are a lot of novel differentially expressed genes in the chronic processing diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa.

Ovarian cancer is one of the common tumors in female reproductive organs and accounts for about 4% of all malignant tumors in women. It is also the leading cause of death among various gynecological tumors. Surgery combined with chemotherapy is the frequently used treatment for ovarian. Chemotherapy resistance is one of the main reasons for the recurrence and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. Various components of the MAPK pathway, also known as the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascade, are related to cancer, and ERK1/2 is an indispensable key site in this pathway. Continuous research has found that ERK1/2 is a "ferryman" involved in regulating the occurrence, development, and drug resistance mechanisms of ovarian cancer. This article briefly introduces the activation mechanism and pathway of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, summarizes its relationship to ovarian cancer, and emphasizes that ERK1/2 inhibitors may be a new treatment strategy with potential advantages in improving poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer.