Objective To assess whether AECOPD patients can breathe independently at the PIC window and thus whether NPPV was necessary after extubation.Methods We performed a prospective observational study, we used the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT)to assess whether each patient could breathe independently at the PIC window,then performed extubation.Patients who passed the SBT received oxygen therapy only,whereas those who failed received NPPV.However,if the former showed respiratory distress,they also received NPPV.The primary out-come variables were SBT pass/fail,the demand for NPPV and rate of reintubation within 72h following extubation. Results In all,23 patients were enrolled,15cases(65.2%)of which passed the SBT.Of these,12cases (80.0%) patients developed respiratory distress after extubation and required NPPV (one of whom required reintubation).Of the eight patients that failed,one received reintubation after NPPV.The reintubation rates within 72h following extuba-tion of SBT-pass(7.0%)and SBT-fail (13.0%)(χ2 =1.476,P>0.05)patients were comparable.Conclusion Most AECOPD patients can breathe independently at the PIC window,but nonetheless develop respiratory distress and thus require NPPV following extubation.

Objective To study the effects of apoptosis of the tumor cells in rabbit liver VX2 carcinoma after treatment by radiofrequency ablation(RFA) combined with trans arterial chemoembolization(TACE) and high‐frequency hyperthermia(HFH) . Methods Rabbit liver VX2 carcinoma model was established .Rabbit liver VX2 tumor models were divided into the following group:group A ,RFA+ TACE;group B ,RFA + TACE + HFH ;group C ,RFA + HFH ;group D ,TACE+ HFH .The changes of serum ALT was detected to realize the safety of the treatment .Cell apoptosis were detected by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase‐mediated Dutp nick end‐labeling(TUNEL) assay ;SP immunohistochemistry ,Western blot and Real‐time quantitative PCR(RT‐PCR) were used to detect Caspase‐3 protein and mRNA expression levels .Results The changes of serum ALT in group B was significantly higher .Compared with other groups ,the apoptosis index in group B was increased marked‐ly(P<0 .05) .Western blot and RT‐PCR Caspase‐3 protein and mRNA levels in group B were higher than the other groups(P<0 .05) .Conclusion RFA+ TACE+ HFH can effectively kill tumor cells and promote apoptosis of tumor cells ,but ,at the same time ,can damage liver function .

AIM:To investigate the effects of silymarin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute lung injury in rats and its possible molecular mechanisms.METHODS: Fifty-eight male SD rats,weighting 230-250 g,were divided into four groups randomly: normal control(n=12);acute lung injury group(n=15),receiving intravenous LPS(O55∶B5,5 mg/kg);silymarin alone group(50 mg/kg,n=15);intervention group(n=16,receiving silymarin 50 mg/kg and LPS 5 mg/kg).The specimens were collected 6 hours later.The following changes,including blood gas analysis,the lung wet/dry weight ratio,the pulmonary vascular permeability,histological manifestations,lung tissue myeloperoxidase activity,the levels of TNF-?,IL-1?,MCP-1 and SOD,GSH-Px as well as malonaldehyde and conjugated diene in plasma and lung tissue,were observed.RESULTS: Compared with control group,the lungs of the rats in LPS treatment group showed significant hyperemia and spotted hemorrhage.The inflammatory granulocyte infiltrating,diffused alveolar septum thickening and spotted hemorrhage were observed in pathological examinations.The lung wet/dry weight ratio and Evans blue content(per gram) increased significantly after LPS treatment.The myeloperoxidase activity in plasma and lung tissue,the levels of TNF-?,IL-1?,MCP-1 and SOD,GSH-Px as well as malonaldehyde and conjugated diene were increased significantly in LPS treatment group.However,in intervention groups,all the above-mentioned measurements were reversed significantly by silymarin treatment compared with LPS treatment group.CONCLUSION: Silymarin may decrease inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress,and further decrease lung damage induced by LPS in rats,all indicating protection of silymarin against acute lung injury.

Objective: To investigate the effects of grasp seed procyanidins(GSP,原青花素) on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced acute lung injury(ALI) in rats with renal function damage and the related possible molecular mechanisms.Methods: The homogenates of lung and kidney were prepared and venous blood were collected at 6 hours after injection of LPS and medicine.The changes of contents of creatinine(Cr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),lactic acid(Lac) and nitric oxide(NO) in the blood were measured.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor?(TNF-?),interleukin-1?(IL-1?),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and IL-6 in the serum,lung and renal cortex tissue homogenate in various groups.The histopathological changes of lung tissues were observed.The pulmonary vascular permeability and the lung wet/dry(W/D) weight ratio were determined;the malonaldehyde(MDA) content,Na+K+-ATPase,superoxide dismutase(SOD),myeloperoxidase(MPO) and glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities in lung and renal tissues were also determined.Changes of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPKs) were detected by Western blotting,and the combination activity of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) to DNA was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) in lung tissues.Results: ①Compared with the normal rats in control group,the lungs of the rats in LPS treatment group and GSP group had significant hyperemia and spotted hemorrhage.The inflammatory granulocyte infiltration,diffuse alveolar septum thickening and spotted hemorrhage were observed in the pathological examinations,while in LPS plus GSP group the above mentioned pathological changes were milder.②Compared with control group,the lung W/D and pulmonary vascular permeability were much higher in the LPS treatment groups(P

OBJECTIVETo study the changes in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1α, HIF2α) in the residual tumor cells in nude mice bearing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following treatment with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).

METHODSThirty nude mice bearing human HCC received treatment with HIFU. At 1, 3, and 5 days and 1 and 2 weeks after the treatment, the mice were examined for pathological changes of the residual tumor with HE staining; SP immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of HIF1α and HIF2α in the tumor.

RESULTSHE staining revealed the presence of residual tumor cells and large necrotic areas after the treatment. Immunohistochemistry showed a gradual increment of HIF1α protein and mRNA expressions after the treatment, reaching the peak level at 3 days (P<0.05) followed by progressive reduction at 5 days and 1 and 2 weeks. HIF2α expressions at either the protein or mRNA levels exhibited no significant changes within 3 days after the treatment (P>0.05) but increased significantly at 5 days and 1 and 2 weeks (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe changes of HIF1α and HIF2α in the residual tumor after HIFU treatment in nude mice bearing HCC can be associated with tumor cell apoptosis and angiogenesis after the treatment.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm, Residual ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods

Scientific research is an important part of hospital work,the driving force of hospital construction and development,and the key to the hospital's comprehensive competitiveness and future development potential.Scientific research misconduct,which seriously deviates from the recognized norms of the scientific community,and will cause great harm to groups,society,and the public.It may also lead to the spread of false knowledge,resulting in misconceptions among peers and causing losses.By analyzing the scientific research integrity relationship between clinical doctors and clinical researchers,as well as looking at integrity standards from multiple dimensions,this paper found out the similarities and differences in the extension of integrity between them.Exploring measures to further promote the construction of scientific integrity and ethics,especially increasing the supervisory role of discipline inspection and supervision,which is conducive to the promotion of scientific research in the medical field in China.

Background: Bovine papillomatosis is a type of proliferative tumor disease of skin and mucosae caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). As a transboundary and emerging disease in cattle, it poses a potential threat to the dairy industry. Objectives: The aim of this study is to detect and clarify the genetic diversity of BPV circulating in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China. Methods: 122 papilloma skin lesions from 8 intensive dairy farms located in different regions of Xinjiang, China were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The genetic evolution relationships of various types of BPVs were analyzed by examining this phylogenetic tree. Results: Ten genotypes of BPV (BPV1, BPV2, BPV3, BPV6, BPV7, BPV8, BPV10, BPV11, BPV13, and BPV14) were detected and identified in dairy cows. These were the first reported detections of BPV13 and BPV14 in Xinjiang, Mixed infections were detected, and there were geographical differences in the distribution of the BPV genotypes. Notably, the BPV infection rate among young cattle (< 1-year-old) developed from the same supply of frozen sperm was higher than that of the other young cows naturally raised under the same environmental conditions. Conclusions Genotyping based on the L1 gene of BPV showed that BPVs circulating in Xinjiang China displayed substantial genetic diversity. This study provided valuable data at the molecular epidemiology level, which is conducive to developing deep insights into the genetic diversity and pathogenic characteristics of BPVs in dairy cows.

Background: Bovine papillomatosis is a type of proliferative tumor disease of skin and mucosae caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). As a transboundary and emerging disease in cattle, it poses a potential threat to the dairy industry. Objectives: The aim of this study is to detect and clarify the genetic diversity of BPV circulating in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China. Methods: 122 papilloma skin lesions from 8 intensive dairy farms located in different regions of Xinjiang, China were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The genetic evolution relationships of various types of BPVs were analyzed by examining this phylogenetic tree. Results: Ten genotypes of BPV (BPV1, BPV2, BPV3, BPV6, BPV7, BPV8, BPV10, BPV11, BPV13, and BPV14) were detected and identified in dairy cows. These were the first reported detections of BPV13 and BPV14 in Xinjiang, Mixed infections were detected, and there were geographical differences in the distribution of the BPV genotypes. Notably, the BPV infection rate among young cattle (< 1-year-old) developed from the same supply of frozen sperm was higher than that of the other young cows naturally raised under the same environmental conditions. Conclusions Genotyping based on the L1 gene of BPV showed that BPVs circulating in Xinjiang China displayed substantial genetic diversity. This study provided valuable data at the molecular epidemiology level, which is conducive to developing deep insights into the genetic diversity and pathogenic characteristics of BPVs in dairy cows.