Objective:To study the technical operation of self-developed investment (FUS-invest) for titanium crown and bridge. Methods:Orthogonal design was done. Four factors were taken into account, i.e. water/powder ratio, adhesive/hardener ratio, fine powder proportion in refractory and agitation time. And each factor was ranked into three levels. Slurry fluidity, initial setting time and setting time of every experiment group were studied. Grain size graduation of the best group was measured.Results:Fluidity, initial setting time and setting time were most greatly affected by water/powder ratio and secondly by fine powder proportion in refractory. When water/powder ratio was 7.5∶1 and the content of fine powder was 35%, slurry fluidity was better and initial setting time and setting time were appropriate. When the content of fine powder of AFS fineness number 300 was 31.31%, fineness number 100 was (40.09%), fineness number 70 was 18.05% and adhesive/hardness ratio was 200∶1, the perfect titanium castings could be fabricated. Conclution:The best rules of technical operation for perfect titanium castings are water/powder ratio (7.5)∶1, the content of fine powder 35% and adhesive/hardener ratio 200∶1.

Objective To find a new material for biomedical scaffold.Methods Composite films from poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)and opal powder were fabricated.Osteoblasts seeded on the composite films and control ones were examined.Cell densities and morphologies on these films were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Cell growth and differential function were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyltyiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT)test.Results SEM study showed that the addition of powder could improve the adhesion between osteoblasts and the composite films.MTT test proved that cell proliferation was improved when opal powder was added.This improvement came from the negative ion given off by the opal powder.The negative ions either accumulate at the cell membrane or enter into the cells.Accumulation of negative ions at the cell membrane leads to a change of electric potential difference across the cell membrane which should be in a proper range for the cells to perform their normal physiological function.If the negative ions enter the cells,they may take part in biochemical reactions whenever possible.In this way,the ions also affect the cell normal metabolism.Conclusion Osteoblasts grow well on opal/PLLA composites and the negative ion from opal powder is responsible for the enhancement of cell growth.This study provides a new material for biomedical scaffold.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of lobetyolin in Shengmai Granules. Methods ZORBAX SB-C18(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm) column was used, the mobile phase consisted acetonitrile:0.1% acetic acid (22:78, v/v), the flow rate was 0.8 ml/min, the column temperature was 30℃ and the detecting wavelength was 267 nm. Results The cablibration curve showed good linear relation within a range of 0.082～ 1.640 mg/ml, the average recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 0.70%.Conclusion The method was simple, repeatable and accurate. It can be applied in quantitative determination of lobetyolin in Shengmai Granules.

Objective:To detect the existence of IFNGR in the stellate ganglion in female goats .Methods:The stellate ganglia were taken from female goats .The expression of IFNGR was detected by PCR method and immunohistochemical SP staining .Results:The results showed that:IFNGR immunoreactive substances were distributed in neurons , supporting cells and passing fiber , and mainly in the cytomembrane and nuclei of neurons .The relative expression of IFNGR was very significantly higher than that of non-neuronal cells (P<0.01).The sequence of IFNGR1 gene amplified by PCR method contained 376 bp, and IFNGR1 gene of goats exhibited the highest homology with sheep(98%),followed by cattle(97%).Conclusion:The results suggested that the IFNGR in the Stellate Gan-glion of female goats mainly expressed and located in sympathetic postganglionic neurons which were provided with the conditions for the role of IFN-γ, which implied that the Stellate Ganglion may act as the critical point to concert the immune regulation of IFN -γand neu-roregulation of autonomic nerve on cardiovascular system .

Objective In order to explore whether neurons in the cervicothoracic ganglion of female goat were equipped with the condition for the role of progesterone .Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of progesteron receptor ( PR) in cervicothoracic ganglion of female goats .Results The result indicated that PR-immunoreactive-products were mainly present in the cell bodies of neurons , and satellite cells , Schwann cells , neurapophysis and nerve fiber also had weaker staining .The cell membrane and cytoplasm of neurons represented brown as strong positive ,but the nucleus of neurons showed the presence of heterogeneity , 85.10% neurons ’ nucleus was strong positive,of which 31.91%nucleolus being clear vacuoles were negative;14.90%nucleus displaying vacuolization had no shaining, of which 7.45%nucleolus was strong positive .There were weak positive and flaxen PR-immunoreactive-products in satellite cells, Schwann cells, neurapophysis and nerve fiber .Image analysis shows that PR of neurons was extremely significant compared with other non-nerve cells ( P <0.01 ) . Conclusion The result proved that the sympathetic postganglionic neurons in cervicothoracic ganglion of female goat were the one of main target cells of progesterone ,suggesting that progesterone may be involving in the neuroregulation of cardiac functional activities through affectinng the activities of neurons in the cervicothoracic ganglion of female goat ,and PR in the cervicothoracic ganglion may act as a network node to coordinate endocrine regulation of progesterone and neuroregulation of autonomic nerve on the cardiac functional activities .

Objective To discuss how to identify the nerve and prevent the injury of the nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery. Methods The clinical data of 3078 patients undergoing thyroid resection were retrospectively analyzed. Results From January 1981 to December 2001,3078 thyroidectomy was performed at our department with the routine exploration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.4241 recurrent laryngeal nerves were identified,among them there were 12 nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves(0.28%,12/4241),ofwhich all were right-sided.One patient was male and 11 female.Of these 12 cases,there were 2 of type Ⅰ(16.67%,2/12),6 of type Ⅱ(50%,6/12)and 4 of type Ⅲ (33.33%,4/12).One ofthe type Ⅰ patients suffered from intraoperative injury of his nonreurrent laryngeal nerve.Conclusions The careful intraoperative identification of the nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve helps prevent it from the inadvertent injury.

Objective: To investigate fusidic acid resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) strains and to analyze their molecular characteristics. Methods: A total of 1 333 strains of S. aureus isolated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from October 2013 to March 2016 were collected. Fusidic acid resistance in these strains was detected by K-B method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of fusidic acid were measured by agar dilution method. Resistance genes of fusB, fusC and fusD and S. aureus A protein-coding gene (spa) were detected by PCR. Strains that did not carry fusB, fusC or fusD were detected for mutations in fusA by sequencing. Housekeeping genes were detected by PCR and analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results: Among the 1 333 strains of S. aureus, 52 were resistant to fusidic acid, accounting for 3.90%. From 2013 to 2016, fusidic acid-resistant strains accounted for 5.3% (7/132), 3.5% (20/571), 4.1% (21/510) and 3.3% (4/120), respectively. The MIC values of fusidic acid against S. aureus were 2, 4, 8, 64 and >64 μg/ml, which inhibited the growth of 26.9% (14/52), 34.6% (18/52), 13.5% (7/52), 1.9% (1/52) and 23.1% (12/52) of strains, respectively. MLST revealed that there were 13 sequence types (STs), among which ST630 was the predominant type accounting for 50% (26/52), followed by ST5 accounting for 17.3% (9/52). There were 19 spa types, among which t4549 (11/52), t2460 (8/52), t377 (8/52) were the predominant types. Nine strains carried drug resistance genes accounting for 17.3% (9/52), including seven fusB-positive and two fusD-positive strains. No fusc-positive strains were detected. Mutations in fusA gene were detected in 11 strains (21.2%, 11/52) and the MIC values against them were all >64 μg/ml. The predominant type of the strains with fusA gene mutations was ST5-t2460. Conclusion Fusidic acid shows a good and relatively stable in vitro antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The mechanism of high resistance to fusidic acid is closely related to fusA gene mutation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic limited incision of the articular capsule to repair the glenoid labrum in the treatment of borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH) complicated with labral tear.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 18 patients with BDDH complicated with labral tear who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University from January 2016 to December 2019 (observation group). There were 12 males and 6 females with an age of (41.8 ± 8.5) years. Simultaneously, another 18 patients were selected as the control group whose hip development was normal but age and gender were matched with those in the observation group. There were 9 males and 9 females with an age of (43.5 ± 10.3) years. Both groups were treated by arthroscopic limited incision of the articular capsule to repair the glenoid labrum. The 2 groups were compared in terms of modified Harris hip score (MHHS), Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living Subscale (HOS-ADL), and visual analogue scale (VAS).Results:There was no significant difference in the demographic data like age, gender ratio, body mass index, severity of labral tear or time from injury to operation between the 2 groups, indicating comparability between groups ( P>0.05). The observation and control groups were followed up for (38 ± 7) and (43 ± 6) months, respectively. For the observation and control groups, respectively, MHHS was (97.1 ± 3.3) points and (95.4 ± 4.2) points, HOS-ADL (92.6 ± 2.8) points and (91.4 ± 4.1) points, and VAS (0.6 ± 0.5) points and (1.0 ± 0.8) points, all showing no significant difference between groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of BDDH patients complicated with labral tear, simple arthroscopic limited incision of the articular capsule to repair the glenoid labrum can lead to the same good medium-term efficacy as it can in those with normal hip development.

BACKGROUND:Inherited heart disease has a high prevalence and mortality rate,but its pathogenesis has not yet been clarified.Although relevant animal models have been established to provide a foundation for the pathogenesis research of inherited heart disease,the value of these research results has been significantly reduced due to differences among species.Therefore,a new model is needed to explore its occurrence and development. OBJECTIVE:To review the current role of induced pluripotent stem cells in disease modeling and potential application prospects in various inherited heart diseases. METHODS:The first author searched the relevant articles published nearly 13 years in PubMed from January to March 2023.The search terms were"induced pluripotent stem cell,inherited heart disease,congenital heart disease".Finally,76 articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Since 2007,when induced pluripotent stem cells were induced from human somatic cells,many studies have been reported on disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells.Due to the ability of disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells to reproduce disease phenotypes,they are expected to become a new research tool for in vitro disease modeling,used to analyze pathogenesis and develop auxiliary drugs.In the research of cardiovascular genetic diseases,cardiomyocytes derived from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells contain gene mutations that are involved in cardiac dysplasia.Therefore,it can be used as a new tool to study the potential mechanisms of inherited heart disease.Up to now,induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes have been widely used to study the molecular mechanisms of various genetic heart diseases,such as cardiac electrophysiological diseases,cardiomyopathy,and some syndromic inherited heart diseases.

Objective : To investigate the outcomes of a novel direct pulp capping agent containing platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Methods : A total of 32 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, the PRF+MTA group (P+M group), PRF group (P group), MTA group (M group) and blank control group (BC group), with 8 rabbits per group. Dental pulp exposure and direct pulp capping were performed, and complete crown square sealing was performed on 2 mandibular central incisor teeth of each rabbit. Four rabbits from each group were euthanized after each observation period (7 and 28 days). The experimental teeth were subjected to HE staining. Inflammatory cell infiltration, calcified bridge formation and pulp tissue disorganization were observed and graded. Results: Inflammatory cell infiltration: on the 7th day, group P+M and group M were lighter than group BC (P<0.05); on the 28th day, group P+M was lighter than group P and group BC (P<0.05); group P+M and group M did not significantly differ (P>0.05). Calcified bridge formation: on the 7th and 28th days, group P+M was lighter than group P, group M and group BC (P<0.05); on the 28th day, group M was higher than group BC (P<0.05). Under microscope, the calcified bridge contained cellular components and was surrounded by odontoblast-like cells, sharing a structure resembled osteodentin; dentin tubule-like structure could not be observed in calcified bridge, and the calcified bridge resembled certain points of osteodentin. Pulp tissue disorganization: on the 7th day, group P+M and group M were lighter than group BC (P<0.05); on the 28th day, group P+M was lighter than group P and group BC (P<0.05). group P+M and group M did not significantly differ (P>0.05). Conclusion The combination of PRF and MTA for direct pulp capping provided light inflammatory cell infiltration, stable pulp status and a strong ability of pulp tissue to form calcified bridge, and the calcified bridge resembled certain points of osteodentin.