ObjectiveTo observe the preventative and therapeutical effect on bile pigment calculus of Jinqianduizuo Mixture which is a traditional Chinese medicine empirical formula and provide foundation for the therapy of cholelithiasis. MethodUsing the model of bile pigment calculus in guinea pigs. Observing the gall bladder’s shape,the rate of forming gallstone and the total bile. Then making biochemical determination of the bile and the blood serum. Result There are significant differences between model control group and three treated groups of Jinqianduizuo Mixture in the rate of forming gallstone,the bilious quantity,the contents of total bilirubin and total bile acids. While in the contents of direct bilirubin,total cholesterol,triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins,they have no significant difference. ConclusionThe results indicate that Jinqianduizuo Mixture can conspicuously cut down the gallstone’s incidence of guinea pigs and can obviously promote the bilious externalization in guinea pigs. It also can promote bile secretion distinctly,but have no evident effect on the ingredients of blood-lipid.

Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)is a type of non-protein-coding RNA with a length of at least 200 nucleotides.Ex-isting evidence shows that lncRNA affects the growth and development of humans and the occurrence of diseases through various mech-anisms,and plays an irreplaceable role in the differentiation and activation of immune cells and the development process of autoim-mune diseases.In recent years,lncRNA H19 has been found to play a unique regulatory function in pathological processes related to autoimmune diseases,such as inflammation and fibrosis.Therefore,the molecular mechanism involved in H19 is expected to become a potential target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.In this review,we discussed the related mechanisms of H19 involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases based on the known functions of H19 and summarized the research results of H19 in several com-mon autoimmune diseases.

BACKGROUND:Growth differentiation factor 5 is a member of the transforming growth factor superfamily and one of the earliest markers of joint development.Growth differentiation factor 5 has an important role in cartilage repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore the action mechanism of growth differentiation factor 5-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effect of different mass concentrations of growth differentiation factor 5 on the proliferation activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.RT-PCR was utilized to detect the expression of genes related to chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by different mass concentrations of growth differentiation factor 5.To further investigate the action mechanism of growth differentiation factor 5-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,we added inhibitor XAV-939 and activator Laduviglusib of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways to induce cell culture for 14 days.RT-PCR and western blot assay were performed to detect the expression of cartilage-related genes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)CCK-8 results showed no significant effect of growth differentiation factor 5 on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.(2)Growth differentiation factor 5 promoted the expression of cartilage-related genes type Ⅱ collagen,aggrecan and Sox9,among which growth differentiation factor 5 induced a significant upregulation of cartilage-related genes in the 50 ng/mL group.(3)Addition of Laduviglusib,an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,upregulated Sox9,β-catenin and type Ⅱ collagen expression(P<0.05).Addition of XAV939,an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,down-regulated Sox9,β-catenin and type Ⅱ collagen expression(P<0.05).(4)Taken together,growth differentiation factor 5-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may be associated with the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Humans ; COVID-19 ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Risk Factors