With the development of the health service in china,the old talent-training program for clinical medicine major was failed in meeting higher demands for talents of clinical medicine. To create the new talent-training program,therefore,has become the main content of teaching reform for medical col-leges and universities. Taking University of South China as an example,the paper analyzed the changing trend of talent-training program for five-year clinical medicine majors from talent-training goal,curriculum system,practical teaching and content of courses,which proposed some thoughts on the optimization of training program for clinical medicine majors.

Objective To investigate the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1?(HIF-1?),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and micro vessel density(MVD) in gastric carcinoma and to explore their correlation with clinical pathological features such as cancer invasion and metastasis.Methods Forty-eight samples of gastric carcinoma tissues were examined for the expression of HIF-1?,VEGF and CD34 by immunohistochemical method.Results The positive expression rates of HIF-1? and VEGF were 66.7% and 60.4% in gastric carcinoma respectively.The mean value of MVD was 42.5?14.7 in gastric carcinoma.The expressions of HIF-1?,VEGF and the value of MVD were significantly correlated with the depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage.The HIF-1? expression was positively correlated with VEGF expression and MVD value.Conclusion The overexpression of HIF-1?,VEGF and MVD consist in gastric carcinoma tissue.The HIF-1? expression is positively correlated with VEGF expression and MVD value.The overexpression of HIF-1?,VEGF and MVD value are closely related with invasion,metastasis and poor biological behavior of gastric carcinoma.

Narrative medicine has brought new ideas to medical humanities education, and its con-notation is suitable to Undergraduate Medical Education Standards-Clinical Medicine (Trial). By analyz-ing the proposal and development of narrative medicine, its foundation and core, its programs and methods, as well as its forms and values, the author deepened the understanding of narrative medicine. And through the following four pathways including strengthening the renewal of ideas and concepts on medical humanities quality education, promoting the diversification of teaching ways and methods of medical humanities educa-tion, enhancing the effect of early exposure to clinical medical students, opening the path of integration narrative medicine and evidence-based medicine, the author analyzed narrative medical enlightenment on medical humanities quality education in China.

ObjectiveTo study the characteristic findings on MRI in children surviving premature delivery with cerebral palsy.MethodsThe clinical data and MR imaging in 16 cases surviving premature delivery with cerebral palsy was retrospectively analyzed, compared with 16 healthy and age-matched controls.Results16 cases were final diagnosed as cerebral palsy with spstic diplegia. MRI features of children surviving premature delivery with cerebral palsy included abnormally high signal intensity in the periventricula white matter on T2WI, marked loss of periventricular deep white matter, ventriculomegaly with or without irregular ventricular outline and atrophy of the corpus callossum. These features were consistent with periventricular leukomalacia(PVL).ConclusionPVL was the characteristic findings on MRI in children surviving premature delivery with cerebral palsy. The characteristic findings of PVL was useful in determining the etiology and type of cerebral palsy in children.

Aim To investigate the mechanism for the inhibitory effect of hydrogen sulfide on the expression of tissue factor(TF)induced by oxidative low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)in endothelial cells.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs ) were treated with 50 mg·L-1 ox-LDL in the absence or presence of different concentrations of NaHS (25 , 50,100 and 200 μmol·L-1 )for 24 h.The mRNA expression and protein content of TF in HUVECs were determined by reverse transcription PCR and ELISA, respectively.The content of intracellular reactive oxy-gen species (ROS)was determined by DCFH,an oxi-dative sensitive fluorescent indicator.The activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)was estimated by its expression in nuclear extracts analyzed by Western blot.Results Ox-LDL induced TF mRNA expression and increased TF protein content in HUVECs.The in-crease in intracellular ROS production and the activa-tion of NF-κB were observed in HUVECs treated with ox-LDL.However,NaHS could markedly inhibit the increases in TF mRNA and protein levels induced by ox-LDL.Also the elevation of intracellular ROS pro-duction and the activation of NF-κB elicited by ox-LDL were significantly suppressed by pretreatment with NaHS.In addition,pretreatment with BAY 1 1-7082 (10 μmol·L-1 ),the inhibitor of NF-κB or N-acetyl-L-cysteine(1 mmol·L-1 ),an antioxidant,could also decrease the TF mRNA and protein level as well as ROS production and NF-κB activation induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs,similar to the effects of 200 μmol· L-1 NaHS.Conclusion The mechanism for the in-hibitory effect of H2 S on the ox-LDL- induced TF ex-pression in endothelial cells may be related to inhibi-ting intracellular ROS production and subsequently NF-κB activation.

Objective To study the characteristic findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) induced by chronic kernicterus.Methods The MR imagings in 13 CP cases induced by chronic kernicterus were retrospectively studied, which were compared with 6 healthy and age-matched controls. 13 cases were finally diagnosed as dyskinetic cerebral palsy (athetoid subtype).Results In 13 cases, all showed symmetric high signals in the the globus pallidus on T2-weighted imaging. There were not apparent abnormality on T1-weighted imaging.Conclusion The bilateral high intensity signals in the globus pallidus on T2-weighted imaging are the characteristic findings on MRI in CP children induced by chronic kernicterus. Paying attention to the globus pallidus on MRI may be useful in determining the type of cerebral palsy.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)comprised of 692 amino acids is the ninth mem-ber of protease family.It binds to the low-density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR),leading to elevated levels of circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC),which can lead to a number of cardiovascular diseases,and among then the re-lationship with cardiovascular calcification has recently received attention.Cardiovascular calcification is a kind of ectopic mineralisation in the cardiovascular system,which is mainly characterised by the production of mineral deposits in the vas-cular wall and vascular valves,and its pathogenesis is related to lipoprotein content,platelet activity,matrix vesicle(MV)release and inflammation,through which PCSK9 may be involved in the occurrence of cardiovascular calcification.Therefore,this article reviews the relationship between PCSK9 and cardiovascular calcification,emphasizing the specific role of PCSK9 in affecting cardiovascular calcification through various pathways,assisting in setting up emerging applica-tions of PCSK9 amid vessel biological science and recognize innovative molecular mechanisms for its treatment.

The advent of digital times promotes the evolution of clinical research from traditional mode to digital mode. Digital technologies， which are introduced to clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， can optimize the research design， improve research quality， and save research funds and time. The digital and remote control of clinical research recruitment and screening， disease diagnosis and treatment， informed consent， indicator measurement， and other processes can be realized by computers， networks， sensors， and other technologies. Artificial intelligence （AI） algorithms， wearable monitoring devices， data management tools， blockchain， and virtual clinical trials （VCTs） are key innovation technologies and research design methods. On this basis， this study summarized relevant literature on key digital technologies and research methods such as AI algorithms， wearable monitoring devices， data management tools， blockchain， and VCT， and the following discoveries were obtained： The future development of clinical research of TCM requires to attach importance to the changes in clinical research brought by digital technologies and to promote the utilization of digital technologies in clinical research of TCM. Digital technologies realize the medical ethical ideas of ''putting people first''， promote the decentralization of clinical research， simplify the participation process of participants， reduce the time and cost of clinical research， improve the efficiency of clinical research of TCM， and enhance the objectivity， authenticity， and stability of clinical research of TCM. Deepening the application of digital technologies in clinical research and realizing the interaction and fusion of various digital technologies are inevitable trends of future development of clinical research of TCM. Under the background of digitization， the digital innovation of clinical research of TCM can accelerate the development of clinical research of TCM and promote the internationalization of TCM.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, and flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), the incidence of OSCC will rise by approximately 40% by 2040, accompanied by a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure to various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), and human papillomavirus (HPV), will lead to the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are oral mucosal lesions with an increased risk of developing into OSCC. Complex and multifactorial, the oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, and a dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, have been proposed to prevent or treat OSCC and OPMDs, understanding the mechanism of malignancies will facilitate the identification of therapeutic and prognostic factors, thereby improving the efficacy of treatment for OSCC patients. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in OSCC. Moreover, the current therapeutic interventions and prognostic methods for OSCC and OPMDs are discussed to facilitate comprehension and provide several prospective outlooks for the fields.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy* ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Mouth Neoplasms/therapy* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Tumor Microenvironment