Incidence of autoimmune diseases (AID) and tumors has increased dramatically,which seriously affects the survival and the quality of life in patients.Recently,cellular immunotherapy has become more and more attractive in the treatment of AID and tumors.Emerging studies have shown that cellular immunotherapy can alleviate or even reverse the course of AID and tumors.We reviewed to focus on the advances of cellular immunotherapy in AID and tumors.

Objective To establish a continuous monitoring assay of serum argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) activity with automatic biochemistry analyzer, and perform methodology validation and preliminary clinical application.Methods According to the chemical reaction catalyzed by ASL and the working characteristics of automatic biochemistry analyzer, an enzyme coupled reaction system with high specificity was set up, and the methodology validation was performed.Three hundred and nine patients with various liver diseases, 269 non-liver disease patients and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.Serum ASL, ALT, and AST level were determined in all subjects.Results A new kinetics assay of ASL activity was set up with automatic biochemistry analyzer.The methodological validation demonstratod that inter-assay and intra-assay coefficient of variation were 4.0% and 5.9% respectively and the mean recovery was 100.5%.The linear range was 0-167.7 U/L.The lowest detection limit was approximately 0 U/L.The interference test showed that there is no significant interferences while the concentration of bilirubin is less than 342 μmoL/L or commonly used anticoagulants is employed at their routine concentrations.However,interference was significant when Hb level is more than 0.06 g/L.Preliminary study of clinical application showed that there was no significant difference of serum ASL level between non-liver disease group and healthy group ( q = 0.027, P = 0.979 ), but there was significant differences for both serum ALT and AST levels (ALT:q =6.461,P =0.000;AST:q =6.481,P =0.000).Conclusions A continuous monitoring assay for the determination of serum ASL activity is successfully established. Serum ASL may be a good biomarker for liver injury.

Objective To understand the evolution of health management research in China and 5-year development of Chinese Journal of Health Management.MethodsA total of 657 articles published in Chinese Journal of Health Management over the past 5 years were analyzed by using CiteSpace Ⅱ from the aspects of authors,organizations and fundings respectively.ResultsAbout1933authors and 625 organizations contributed to the publication of 657 articles.Every published article had 3 authors on average.Health management presentedin 24％articletitles.Fifty-four authorsshowed morethan 4 publications or a centrality of more than 0.HUANG Jian-shi,WU Liu-xin and ZENG Qiang showed higher productivity and centrality and cooperated well with BAI Shu-zhong,TIAN Jing-fa and HAN Jing.WANG Peiyu and DU Bing constituted their own collaboration team respectively.Authors with higher productivities were mainly from Institute of Aviation Medicine,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing Physical Examination Center and Peking Union Medical College.Papers financially supported by national,provincial and other funding were increased over time.ConclusionOver half of publications presented in Chinese Journal of Health Management are directly related to health management,many of which are written by wellknown scholars.Taking Chinese Journal of Health Management as a platform,some research teams makeimportant contribution to promoting the development of health management.

Objective To clone shRNA (short hairpin RNA) recombinant plasmid targeting on COX-2 gene and analyze the nucleic acid sequence of the recombinant plasmid. Methods One pair of 21 bp reverse repeated sequence targeting on COX-2 mRNA spaced by 9 bp nucleotides were synthesized. The complement double strands was formed by annealing and inserted into plasmid pGenesil-1 to generate eukaryotic expression plasmid. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Jm109 strain, and the recombinant plasmid extracted was identified by restriction enzyme and sequence analysis. Inhibition effects of COX-2 mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Results The target DNA was directly cloned to vector and the result was correct by sequence analysis. Compared to untransfected group, recombinant expression plasmid pshRNA-COX-2 resulted in reduction of COX-2 mRNA and protein expression to 69.9% and 50.3% respectively. Conclusion The recombinant plasmid targeting on COX-2 gene was successfully constructed, and it inhibited the expression of COX-2 gene significantly.

Type 1 diabetes is a autoimmune disease that occurs under the influence of both genetic predisposition and environmental factors,mediated mainly by T lymphocytes with various kinds of other involved immune cells.The autoimmune attacks eventually lead to the islet beta cell destruction and insulin insufficiency.Multiple fundamental studies and clinical trials have revealed that umbilical cord blood pluripotent stem cells have the potential to help restore immune balance,induce immune tolerance,stop the autoimmune attacks against beta cells,and promote beta cell regeneration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM),by means of cell to cell contact and soluble cytokine secretion.For the past few years,the National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Second Xiangya Hospital has been leading the research on stem cell education therapy and has performed the therapy for 35 juvenile type 1 diabetes patients from China and foreign countries,introducing a novel treatment for T1DM.

Objective To explore the relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and cerebral infarction in Taishun county.Methods Determination of 112 cases of Taishun Siqian cerebral infarction patients and healthy persons 88 cases of ApoE gene polymorphism,and the cerebral infarction patients were admitted to the hospital for different period of time after the NIHSS score.Results The cerebral infarction group and the control group were ApoE -/3 genotype most were 70.5%(79 /112)and 63.6%(56 /88),both had significant difference(P >0.05);The cerebral infarction group and the control group in terms of ApoE -up to 3,respectively 82.1%(92 /112)and 75.6%(66.5 /88),both had no significant difference (P >0.05).The cerebral infarction group epsilon 4 to 9.8%(11 /112),and was significantly higher than that of the control group 4.0%(3.5 /88);E2 was 6.2% (7 /112), which was significantly lower than that of the control group [19.3% (17 /88)],the differences were significant (χ2 =6.189,7.970,all P <0.05).Carrying ApoE -4 of the cerebral infarction patient each time period at the time of admission,admission 7d and 14d NIHSS scores were not carrying epsilon 4 patients increased significantly (t =7.853,6.185,5.165,allP <0.05);and at each time point carrying epsilon 2 gene in patients with and without carry-ing epsilon 2 patients NIHSS scores had no significant difference (P >0.05 ).Conclusion Cerebral infarction patients ApoE gene polymorphism and disease progression and prognosis are closely related,ApoE -4 Taishun Siqian cerebral infarction patients predisposing factors.At the same time,the detection of apoE genotype and NIHSS score is helpful to the prognosis of the patients.

Objective To evaluate the performance of Mindray TSH chemiluminescence immunoassay ,including imprecision , limit of detection ,functional sensitivity ,interference ,cross-reaction ,and calibration consistency .The purpose was to confirm Mind-ray TSH assay meets the criteria of IFCC standardization and harmonization of thyroid functional tests .Methods The CLSI guide-lines defined in EP documents have been followed to measure the limit of detection ,functional sensitivity ,specificity ,imprecision and calibration consistency of Mindray TSH immunoassay on CL2000i system .Results Limit of detection was 0 .001 5 μIU/mL ,func-tional sensitivity was 0 .013 μIU/mL ,the correlation coefficient of linearity was 0 .999 in the range of 0-98 .95 μIU/mL .Mindray TSH calibrator C0 spiked with luteinizing hormone (LH) up to 500 mIU/mL ,follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) up to 500 mIU/mL ,or human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) up to 200 000 mIU/mL detected no cross reactivity (detected TSH was less than 0 .2μIU/mL) .Hemoglobin up to 500 mg/dL ,bilirubin up to 10 mg/dL ,triglycerides up to 1 800 mg/dL ,and protein up to 10 g/dL showed -6 .91% ~8 .60% bias in TSH measurement .The total imprecision of two controls (high and low levels) and three serum specimens were in the range of 3 .24% and 5 .34% .Calibration consistency which had been demonstrated with high and low controls were measured between -6 .58% and 5 .26% .Conclusion The performance of Mindray thyroid-stimulating hormone assay meets the criteria for IFCC standardization and harmonization of thyroid function tests .

Objective To implement the harmonization of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) of Mindray assay system by par-ticipating in harmonization research program of International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC)-Standardization of Thyroid Function Tests(C-STFT ) .Methods A total of three combinations of TSH reagents and calibrators were used to measure 20 serum samples of healthy human .Within-run precision and batch-to-batch variation were assessed .The concept of harmonization was dem-onstrated by comparing our test results with All Procedure Trimmed Mean (APTM ) provided by IFCC and recalibrating with Mater Calibrators .Results The within-run precision was 1 .96% ,batch-to-batch variation was 0 .47% - 1 .15% ,depending on the level of TSH analyte .There existed a positive bias compared to APTM values .After recalibration with Mater Calibrators and Passing &Bablok regression ,the slope of method comparison was 1 .0 ,and correlation coefficient was more than 0 .975 .Conclusion By using a panel of real human specimen and recalibration based on APTM ,the test results of Mindray assay system could be harmonized with mainstream manufacturers globally .

Objective As a collaborator of Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing for value assignment of state standard ma-terial candidate Cystatin-C ,we have used the internationally accepted reference material to assign value for state standard material candidate Cystatin-C ,and help Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing get Cystatin-C national standard material certificate . Methods According to the target value and operational procedure of international reference material ERM-DA471 ,We have tested 6 dilutions of standard material candidate Cystatin-C on calibrated Hitachi 7180 immunoassay system .Results The results demon-strate good repeatability and commutability ,and have been accepted in calculating the final value for the candidate standard materi-al ,our data has assisted Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing in passing the criteria and obtaining Cystatin-C national standard material certificate .Conclusion Compared to the data from all participating collaborators ,our results hit right on the target value , and no significant matrix effects have been observed .

Objective To study the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue liraglutide played in the proliferation of CD4+CD25 T cells in normal people and newly-onset type 1 diabetic patients,and to evaluate the possible immune regulatory role of liraglutide in the therapy of type 1 diabetes.Methods CD4+ CD25-T cells of 10 normal people and 10 newly-onset type 1 diabetic patients were separated from peripheral blood by MACS immunomagnetic beads and stimulated by Human T-Activator CD3/CD28 Dynabeads to proliferate.CFSE labeling technique was used to evaluate the proliferation of CD4+ CD25-T cells by flow cytometry.Liraglutide of different concentrations(0,25,50,and 100 nmol/ml) was added to the proliferation system,then the proliferation of CD4+CD25-T cell was measured.Results (1) Liraglutide suppressed the proliferation of CD4+ CD25-T cells from either normal people or type 1 diahetic patients with dose-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Under the different concentrationsofliraglutide,the proliferation ofCD4+CD25 T cells from diabetic patients was mueh more robust than that of normal people (P＜0.01).(3) The inhibitory effects of liraglutide on CD4+ CD25-T cells proliferation in normal people and diabetic patients were similar (P＞0.05).Conclusion The proliferation of CD4+ CD25 T cells in type 1 diabetic patients was more robust than normal people,which indicated cellular immune dysfunction in type 1diabetes.Liraglutide inhibits the proliferation of CD4+ CD25-T cells of type 1 diabetic patients in vitro.The immunosuppression effect of liraglutide may have potential value in the treatment of type 1 diabetes.