Objective To investigate the effect of Shuyusan on the behavior, content of tumor necrosisfactor-α(TNF-α) in cortex of cerebral and neuropeptide expression in hippocampus of rats with chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMUS) depression. Methods Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal group, model group, fluoxetine group, and high-, low-dose group of Shuyusan. Except normal group, the other groups were given CMUS. Tail suspend test (TST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were used to estimate animals’ behavior. The contents of TNF-αwas determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The immunocytochemical technique was used to evaluate hippocampus neuropeptide immunoreactive expression. Results The fluoxetine group and high dose of Shuyusan group showed significant increase in the sucrose consumption and decrease in the immobility time in TST, there was significant difference compared with CMUS model group (P<0.05). The TNF-αlevel was significantly lower in fluoxetine group and high dose of Shuyusan group, there difference was significant compared with model group (P<0.05). The neuropeptide immunoreactive neurons in hippocampus area was decreased by a marked number in fluoxetine group and high dose of Shuyusan group, the average optical density decreased significantly, compared with the model group, there were significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Shuyusan has anti-depression likely effect, with dose-effect relationship.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenlongtang decoction on learning and memory ability and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax on rats hippocampus with cerebral ischemia model. Methods The cerebral ischemia animal model was established by two-vessel occlusion. Fifty rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, pisacetam group, Shenlongtang groups (low and high dosage). After modeling, rats were administrated with corresponding drugs for 28 days, the learning and memory ability was tested with Morris water maze, the number of positive cells and the integral optical density of the immunostaining on Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression in the hippocampus was detected. Results With Morris water maze test, the latency time increased significantly and times of searching submerged platform decreased significantly in the model group, the difference was significant compared with control group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the latency time of Shenlongtang high dosage group decreased significantly and times of searching submerged platform increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the expression of positive cells number of Bax protein expression in the hippocampus area was significantly increased (P<0.05), the Bcl-2 protein expression in the hippocampus region was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion Shenlongtang could significantly improve the learning and memory ability of cerebral ischemia rats, the mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.

Objective:To investigate the effect of oxycodone hydrochloride on patients with analgesic effect and immune function of intestinal tumor after operation.Methods:50 patients with intestinal tumor from June 2014 to December 2016 who were treated in our hospital were selected randomly to divide into oxycodone group and fentanyl group with 25 cases in each group.Patients in oxycodone group were given oxycodone hydrochloride intravenous injection of 5mg 15 minutes before the end of surgery;and patients in fentany group were given fentany intravenous injection of 50ug 15 minutes before the end of surgery.Visual analogue scale (VAS),ramsey sedation score were observed at 3 h (T0),6 h (T1),12 h (T2),24 h (T3) 48 h (T4) after operation,Levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells measured before anesthesia,and at T2,T3,T4 respectively.Results:At time point of T1,T2,Ramsey scores of oxycodone group were significantly lower than that of fentany group (P＜0.05),At time point ofT0,T3,T4,Ramsey scores of the two groups showed no significant difference (P＞0.05).At time point of T2,T3,T4,levels of serum TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 of two groups of patients were significantly higher than those of anesthesia before (P＜0.05),TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 ofoxycodone group was significantly lower than those of fentany group (P＜0.05).At time point ofT2,T3,T4,CD4+/at CD4+ of the two groups were significantly decreased,and CD8+ was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Levels of CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ of oxycodone group was significantly higher than that of fentany group (P＜0.05),and level ofCD8+ was significantly higher than that of fentany group.At time point of T2,T3,NK cells of two groups were significantly decreased,NK cells of oxycodone group were significantly higher than that of oxycodone group (P＜0.05).Differences among postoperative nausea,vomiting,respiratory depression,dizziness,skin itching incidence of two groups of patients were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Oxycodone hydrochloride has little effect on the immune function of patients with intestinal tumor,and it is suitable for Postoperative analgesia of patients with intestinal tumor.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenlongtang decoction (SLT) on the learning and memory ability and serum level of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and expression of NPY in hippocampus of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Methods 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group with sham operation; model group with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion; pisacetam group as positive control;and SLT groups (low and high dosages). The rats' model was established with two-vessel occlusion. After modeling, the rats were administrating with SLT or pisacetam for 28 d. Learning and memory ability was tested with Morris water maze, the level of NPY was detected with radioimmunoassay, and the number of positive cells of NPY in hippocampus was detected. Results Compared with the control group, the latency time increased significantly and frequence of searching submerged platform decreased significantly in the model group (P<0.01); and compared with the model group, the latency time decreased significantly and frequence of searching submerged platform increased significantly in SLT high dosage group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum levels of NPY increased significantly in the model group, and the number of positive cell of NPY in hippocampus area significantly increased (P<0.01); and compared with the model group, the serum levels of NPY decreased significantly, and the number of positive cell of NPY in hippocampus area significantly decreased in the SLT high dosage group and pisacetam group (P<0.05). Conclusion SLT could improve the learning and memory function.The mechanism may be related to regulate the serum level and expression of NPY in hippocampus area of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shuyuningxin decoction on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus of chronicstress depression rats. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, fluoxetine group, high dose ofShuyuningxin decoction group, middle dose of Shuyuningxin decoction group and low dose of Shuyuningxin decoction group. All thegroups were given the chronic unpredicted mild stress for 21 d to induce depression models except the control group. Then they were administratedtheir drugs for 21 d. The level of Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus were investigated with immunohistochemistry technique. ResultsCompared with the control group, the level of Bax increased and Bcl-2 decreased in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with modelgroup, the level of Bax decreased and Bcl-2 increased in the middle dose of Shuyuningxin decoction group, high dose of Shuyuningxin decoctiongroup and the fluoxetine group (P<0.05). Conclusion The anti-depression effect of Shuyuningxin decoction may be associated withthe expression of Bax and Bcl-2.

OBJECTIVETo research the effect of polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) on Yuxingcao injection and volatile oils from Houttuynia cordata.

METHOD1H-NMR spectra of aldehydic and new matter in Yuxingcao injection, volatile oils of H. cordata, and solutions of Tween 80 and volatile oil of H. cordata are determined and compared from various angles of growing origin, storage temperature, and storage time.

RESULTThree aldehydic singlets in 1H-NMR spectra of every volatile oil from 4 aerial part of H. cordata were observed. These aldehydic peaks were basically disappeared and a new peak at delta 8.30 was found in 1H-NMR spectra of the volatile oil solutions in tween 80. Any obvious aldehydic peak in 1H-NMR spectra did not be observed in Yuxincao injection. A weak peak at 8 8.30 was found in 1H-NMR spectra in Yuxincao injection, and the peak high of delta 8.30 was remarked gone up when the injection was stored in 40 degrees C for 1 to 3 months.

CONCLUSIONTween 80 might cause the obvious reduce of aldehydic compounds contents and the production of a novel singal at delta 8.30 in 1H-NMR spectra when it was mixed with the volatile oil from the aerial part of H. cordata. The novel signal at delta 8.30 in 1H-NMR spectra existed in Yuxincao injection and was very small, but was increased remarkably when the Yuxincao injection was stored at 40 degrees C for 1 month at least.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Houttuynia ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; Polysorbates ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo compare and analyze volatile constituents from flowers of Trichosanthes kirilowii, in order to point out characteristic differences between female and male flowers.

METHODBlooming female and male flowers were collected in the same place. Volatile constituents were extracted from the flower by solid phase micro-extraction (SPME), then separated and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass-spectrometry (GC-MS).

RESULTFifty-two and forty-five chromatographic peaks were separated from the female and male flowers, respectively. Forty seven constituents were identified and their relative percentage compositions were determined with the peak area normalization method. Linalool, alpha-farnesene, benzene methanol, and (Z)-2-methylbutanal oxime were the main volatile constituents. The contents of linalool and alpha-farnesene in female flower were remarkably higher than those in male. In contrast, the content of benzene methanol in male flower was remarkably higher than that in female.

CONCLUSIONIn the first study on chemical constituents from flowers in genus Trichosanthes, 37 compounds are separated from T. kirilowii. Contents of linalool, alpha-farnesene and benzene methanol show the characteristic differences of volatile constituents contained in male and female flowers of T. kirilowii, which enriches the basic studies on dioecious plant.

Flowers ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Solid Phase Microextraction ; Trichosanthes ; chemistry ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo separate and identify chemical constituents from stem barks of male plants of Populus tomentosa.

METHODFresh stem barks of P. tomentosa were extracted with methanol to obtain extracts which were suspended in water and blended successively with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions. Their structures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and spectral data.

RESULTTwelve compounds were separated with ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions and identified as benzoic acid (1), daucosterol (2), tremuloidin (3), rhamnocitrin (4), sakuranetin (5), 7-O-methylaromadendrin (6), isograndidentatin A (7), siebolside B (8), sakuranin (9), micranthoside (10), alpha-D-glucopyranose (11), and sucrose (12).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 4-12 were separated from this plant for the first time. Of them, compound 10 was separated from this plant genus for the first time.

Flavonoids ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Phenols ; analysis ; Populus ; chemistry

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis misdiagnosed as mental disorder, improve the early diagnosis rate and reduce misdiagnosis.Methods:The clinical data of patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2012 to 2018 were collected. Patients misdiagnosed as mental disorders were screened out. Their psychiatric symptom characteristics, disease course characteristics, imaging and laboratory findings, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 121 cases of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis were collected, and 43 cases of mental disorders were screened out. Sixteen of the 43 patients (37.2%) had prodromal symptoms, and all the patients had psychiatric behavioral abnormalities (100%), including 32 cases (74.4%) of seizures, 13 cases (30.2%) of decreased level of consciousness, 21 cases (48.8%) of involuntary movements, 15 cases (34.9%) of decreased memory, 8 cases (18.6%) of speech dysfunction, and 8 cases (18.6%) of other neurological symptoms (central hyperventilation, autonomic dysfunction). Memory loss was observed in 15 cases (34.9%), speech dysfunction in 8 cases (18.6%), other neurological symptoms (central hypoventilation, autonomic dysfunction) in 8 cases (18.6%), and various symptoms may appear simultaneously or successively in the same patient. Thirty-eight cases had complete resolution of symptoms or only minor physical impairment, and 5 cases had recurrent admissions with mental abnormalities and seizures. The recurrence rate accounted for 11.6% (5/43).Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis are complex and varied. Most of them have mental behavior abnormalities as the first symptom, which is easily misdiagnosed as mental disorder and delayed treatment will lead to prolonged disease course and poor prognosis.

Equine interferon-gamma (eIFN-gamma) expressed both in E. coli and baculovirus were evaluated for antiviral activity against recombinant Vesicular Stomatits Virus expressing green fluorescence protein (rVSV-GFP) in EFK-78 cells. The assays were conducted in 96-well plate. Virus infectivity was measured by quantifying GFP-positive cells, instead of quantifying the CPE reduction. Prior to infection of EFK-78 cells with rVSV-GFP, the cells were incubated with eIFN-gamma. The GFP expression in the EFK-78 cells dramatically decreased in the cells treated with eIFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner, comparing with the mock-treated cells. The titers of antiviral activity were 1 x 10(3) AU/mL and 1 x 10(5) AU/mL of eIFN-gamma expressed from E. coli and baculovirus, respectively. The antiviral activities of the recombinant eIFN-gamma were highly efficient and specific, as it was blocked by mAbs against eIFN-gamma.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Antiviral Agents ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Baculoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; metabolism ; Horses ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus ; drug effects ; metabolism