Crude extract of Periplaneta americana was prepared by liquid nitrogen grinding.After being purified with DEAE Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography,the protein content of the extract was determined and the extract solution was prepared at gradient concentrations.The crude extract and purified allergen at different concentrations were dotted respectively on nitrocellulose(NC) membrane.Patient serum,bio-IgE,sa-HRP,luminal regents were added to the membrane.The chemiluminescence was displayed by exposing to X-film.The result revealed that the minimum protein content of crude Periplaneta americana extract detected by CLIA is 0.87?g/ml,with 90% accordance to skin test positive patients,and 100% accordance to those with negative skin test and ELISA detection.

Objective To investigate the effects of partial prostatic capsula and surrounding striated sphincter sparing surgery on the function of intestinal orthotopic neobladder. Methods Total cystectomy and orthotopic intestinal neobladder was performed in 23 male patients with invasive bladder cancer. The patients were divided into classical cystectomy group (n=10) and modified cystectomy group (n=13).In the classical group the prostate was removed completely and the residual urethra was anastomosed with the neobladder using interrupted suture.In the modified group transurethral resection of the prostate preceded the cystectomy,and the prostatic capsula below the verumontanum with its surrounding striated urethral sphincter was retained.The neobladder was anastomosed with the residual capsula using continuous suture.The function of the neobladder in the 2 groups was evaluated and compared. Results The pathological classification of the 23 patients was as follows:T 2aN 0M 0,13 cases;T 2bN 0M 0,6;T 1N 0M 0,1;T 3aN 0M 0,1;T 3bN 1M 0,1;T 4aN 0M 0,1.The patients were followed up for 3 to 40 months(mean,15.7 months).In modified group,11 patients survived disease-free and 2 survived with metastasis.All the 13 patients voided well with residual volume of 0 to 70 ml.Complete urinary continence was achieved in 12 patients and the remaining one had nocturnal incontinence.In classical group,10 patients survived disease-free;of them 7 voided well with residual volume of 10 to 100 ml and the other 3 needed intermittent catheterization because of their residual urine being up to 100 to 250 ml.Complete continence was achieved in 7 patients and the other 3 were incontinent(1 with incontinence day and night,2 with nocturnal incontinence). Conclusions Partial prostatic capsula and its surrounding striated sphincter sparing surgery can improve the continence and voiding of the orthotopic neobladder.$$$$

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common kind of arrhythmia,it is one of the main reasons causing ischemic stroke in aged patients.Left atrial appendage is the primary site where the thrombus is formed in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients.Recent researches have indicated that occlusion of left atrial appendage can effectively reduce the occurrence of ischemic stroke in NVAF patients,its curative effect is no less than the preventive treatment effect of warfarin.The use of an ideal left atrial appendage occluder is the key to ensure a successful occlusion of the left atrial appendage.After decades of research,several left atrial appendage occluders have been developed,among them Watchman occluder and Amplatzer cardiac plug (ACP) are commonly used nowadays in clinical practice,and some kinds of occluder are still at their experimental research stage.This article aims to make a brief introduction about the current status of the study and the clinical application of left atrial appendage occluder.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:281-284)

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two kinds of dosage of 5-aminosalicylic acid zinc enteric-coated capsule in treatment of active ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods The muhicentre, double blind, dosage reaction and contrast trial was conducted in six hospitals during March 2004 to Sep. 2004. One hundred and eight patients with UC were randomly allocated into the high dosage (n= 36, 1 g, bid) and the low dosage (n = 36, 0.5 g, bid) of 5-aminosalicylic acid zinc enteric-coated capsule groups, and the Olsalazine sodium group (n = 36, 1 g, tid) with a 8-week treatment. The efficacy and adverse events of 5-aminosalicylic acid zinc enteric-coated capsule were evaluated based on the clinical presentations and endoscopic findings. Results The clinical efficacy was 68.97% in high dosage group, 45. 45% in low dosage group and 62.86% in Olsalazine sodium group with no significant difference (P>0. 05). The endoscopic examination showed that the healing rate of UC in high dosage group and low dosage group was 51.72% and 21.21%, respectively, whereas the efficacy rate was 82.76% and 69.70% respectively. The results showed that high dosage was more effective than low dosage (P=0.023), but was similar to Olsalazine sodium (healing rate of 34.29% and effective rate of 88.57% ,P>0. 05). Diarrhea was main adverse event, which was accounted for 2.8% (1/36) in high dosage group and 2.8% (1/36) in the Olsalazine sodium group. There was no adverse event in low dosage group. Conclusions 5-aminosalicylic acid zinc enteric-coated capsule is an effective agent in treatment of UC, especially in high dosage. It is similar to Olsalazine sodium in treatment of UC, and has advantages in reducing medication times.

Objective To study the MRI findings of HE and the pathological mechanism and to improve the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of HE. Methods Five patients of HE diagnosed by clinical and laboratory examination were examined with conventional MRI scan. Additional DWI, MRA and enhancement MRI scan were performed on 3 patients in which abnormal findings was detected on the conventional MRI. The distribution of lesions and signal characteristics were analyzed. The ADC values of the lesions and of the contralateral non-lesion area were measured. Moreover, the possible pathological mechanisms of HE were discussed on the basis of changes of clinical and imaging manifestations in the two cases with serial clinical and MRI data. Results Of 5 patients, brain abnormalities were found in 3 cases,which showed scattered spotted supratentorial white matter lesions of isointensity on T1 WI and DWI, and high signal intensity on T2WI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). Meanwhile, multiple plaque-like lesions involving both white matter and gray matter were found, mainly located at the basal ganglia nuclei, hippocampus and cingulate cortex. The lesions demonstrated iso-or hypo-intensity on T1 WI,and iso-or hyper-intensity on T2 WI, FIAIR and DWI at the initial stage. No enhancement was found in these lesions and MRA disclosed no remarkable findings. The ADC value of the lesions [ (0. 449 ± 0. 092) ×10-3 mm2/s] was decreased significantly compared with the contralateral noninvolved area [ (0. 838 ±0. 062) × 10-3 mm2/s] at the early onset. In 2 cases with glucocorticoid therapy, together with symptom relief, MRI follow-up scan demonstrated the reduction of lesion volume, the signal change to hyperintensity on T1 WI and hypo-intensity on DWL The ADC of the lesions increased significantly. Conclusion The MRI could be one of the effective tools for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and judging the prognosis and therapeutic results of HE. Meanwhile, it may be a non-invasive method to study the pathological mechanism of HE.

Objective To investigate the correlation between flat IVC (fIVC)and relative clinical,index of prolapse of kidney(K) and lordosis of abdominal aorta (A)with respect to the lumbar on supine.Methods Abdominal CT image data of 100 cases without sign of low blood volume were selected randomly.The K and A were calculated in the plane of the entrance of the renal vein and fIVC was defined according to the ratio of length to short diameter of IVC (R)up and down about 1.5 cm plane,which large to 3 ︰ 1.The index size between different groups tested by t,the association of fIVC with age and gender tested byχ2 .Results Among 100 cases, male 57 cases,female 43 cases,fIVC was 14 and 20 cases respectively (χ2 =5.26,P <0.05);The old,middle-aged and young groups were 56,38 and 6 cases respectively,the constituent ratio of fIVC was 44.64%(25/56),23.68%(9/38)and 0(0/6)respectively;The mean of K plus A was 2.57±0.25,2.1 5 ±0.14 and 2.05 ±0.1 1 respectively.The two former of old group was all significantly more than that of green group (χ2 =6.40,t=5.06,P <0.05).The mean of K plus A of fIVC and non-fIVC set was 2.67±0.25 and 2.03±0.18 (t=3.89,P <0.05)respectively.Conclusion The increased K and A on supine perhaps as causes for the formation of fIVC and its more located nearby the entrance of the renal vein,and is associated with age and gender.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of compound danshen dropping pills on the early diabetic kidney disease.Methods A total of 850 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) at stage Ⅲ who met the criteria for DN from January 2012 to July 2012,aged 60 to 75 years [mean age (66.6±4.8) years],were retrospectively analyzed and randomized into the treatment group (n=601) and the control group (n=249).All patients received rational hypoglycemic,antihypertensive,lipids-adjusting treatment and the treatment group received compound danshen drop pill (15 pills,tid),additionally.Laboratory indexes such as urine albumin (UA) and urine creatinine (UCR) were examined 24 weeks after treatment.Results The levels of UA and UCR,and the UA/UCR ratio (ACR) in the treatment group were decreased after versus before treatment.The decreases of UA and UCR had significant differences between the treatment and control group [(39.1±78.7) mg/L vs.(14.7±77.1) mg/L,(1.1±4.5) mmol/L vs.(-0.3± 3.6) mmol/L,t=4.15 and 4.86,both P＜0.01].Conclusions The comprehensive treatment combined with compound danshen dropping pills for 24 weeks can more effectively reduce UA and ACR,thereby it has effects in treating DN and delaying the progression of DN.

Objective To summarize the clinical features and vascular lesions in patients who suffered from cerebellar infarction with vertebral artery hypoplasia(VAH). Methods Retrospective analysis was used in the research. The selected patients suffered from cerebellar infarction with VAH or stenosis (stenosis rate≥50%). Seventy-one patients with cerebellar infarction were enrolled. There were 34 patients in VAH group and 37 patients in vertebral artery stenosis group. The age, sex, risk factors, clinical manifestations and characteristics of vascular examination were compared. Results The age, sex, risk factors between two groups had no significant differences (P>0.05). The scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) between two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). The proportion of early neurological deterioration in VAH group (41.2%, 14/34) was higher than that in vertebral artery stenosis group (18.9%, 7/37), χ2=4.21, P<0.05. There were more patients with anterior circulation artery stenosis in the VAH group (35.3%, 12/34), compared with that in artery stenosis group (13.5%, 5/37),χ2=4.62, P<0.05. Except the ipsilateral vertebral artery, other arteries stenosis in VAH group (44.1%, 15/34) was significantly higher than that in vertebral artery stenosis group (13.5%, 5/37),χ2=8.20, P<0.05. Conclusions Cerebellar infarction with vertebral artery hypoplasia is more likely to have multiple cerebral arterial stenosis (stenosis rate ≥50%). The patients who suffered from cerebellar infarction with vertebral artery hypoplasia might be prone to early neurological deterioration.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of delayed traumatic intracranial hematoma (DTICH)followed by unilateral large decompressive craniectomy (LDC)and its influence in the prognosis of the severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI)patients,and to improve the successful rate of the rescue.Methods:The clinical data of 130 sTBI patients underwent unilateral LDC were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into DTICH group (n=42)and non-DTICH group (n=88)according to whether the DTICH occurred after operation.The risk factors of DTICH and its influence were contrastively analyzed.Results:The analysis results of the clinical data of patients in two groups showed that preoperative GCS,time from trauma to operation,skull fracture,midline shift > 1 cm, basal cistern disappear,activated partial prothrombin time (APTT),fibrinogen (FIB),and thrombin time (TT) were significantly correlated with the appearance of DTICH (P<0.05).Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that the time from trauma to operation, skull fracture, basal cistern disappearing and FIB were the independent risk factors of DTICH (P<0.05).The analysis results of GOS 3 months after operation of the patients in two groups showed that the prognosis of the patients in DTICH group was significantly worse than that in non-DTICH group (P<0.01 ).Conclusion:For those patients who accompanied with shorter time from trauma to operation,skull fracture,basal cistern disappearing and FIB decrease,the appearance of DTICH should be paid attention.DTICH can affect the prognosis of patients;prevention and early diagnosis are crucial to improve the prognosis of patients.

Clinically, atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and patients with arterial fibrillation carry high risk of stroke. Oral administration of anticoagulation such as warfarin for the prevention of stroke has some risks to induce bleeding; moreover, some patients are not able to tolerate the medication. Percutaneous occlusion of the left atrial appendage is safe and effective for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, although at present it is only used for the patients who have contraindications to anticoagulation medication. This paper aims to review a variety of left atrial appendage occlusion devices and to analyze the relationship between the different shape design of occluder and the left atrial appendage morphology.