With the common application of total mesorectal excision (TME) technique,the proportion of sphincterpreserving surgery for the mid-low rectal carcinoma is significantly increased.Anastomotic leakage after sphincter-preserving surgery is the most severe complication of rectal surgery,and it is the main reason which will lead to other complications and death.Many researches on the early diagnosis,prevention and treatment of anastomotic leakage are conducted by surgeons at home and abroad,and a further understanding of this complication is deeply realized.

Objective: To design and synthesize a novel vector for rhBMP2 delivery system in tissue engineering. Methods:Dextran glycidol methacrylate(dex-GMA) was synthesized with dextran(dex) and glycidol methacrylate(GMA).Dex-GMA microspheres were prepared by suspension polymerization. The swelling behavior of the microspheres was evaluated by the swelling equilibrium parameter Q. The biodegradation properties of the dextran-based hydrogel microspheres were assessed by the surface morphology before and after biodegradation. Results:Microspheres of dex-GMA in the size(diameter) of 20 to 80 ?m with good configuration were produced. Q value of the microspheres with the diameter of 20-30 ?m was 10.9?3.3,that of those with 70-80 ?m 8.9?6.4.Stirring speed, span-80(emulsifer) quantity and the proportion of dex-GMA affected the size of the microspheres. rhBMP2 was enveloped into the microspheres. Complete degradation of the microspheres was observed during 20 to 40 days at 37 ℃ in normal saline. Conclusion: Dex-GMA hydrogel microspheres may be a release controlling system for rhBMP2 delivery.

Objective To study the effect of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-?B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in cultured human periodontal ligament cells (HPDL cells) as well as its action mechanism. Methods We first constructed small interferring RNA (siRNA) eukaryotic expression vector targeted transforming growth factor ?Ⅱ receptor (TGF-?RⅡ),and then transfected it into T cells. Then HPDL cells together with T cells transfected with siRNA or not were placed in medium that had been added with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and baicalin. They were divided into six groups and cultured for 48 hours. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to observe the effect of baicalin on OPG-RANKL expression in HPDL cells. Results The clone sequence correctly identified by RT-PCR was consistent with the designed target sequence. The recombinant vector was constructed successfully and the expression of TGF-?ⅡR of T cells which had been transfected with siRNA1 was inhibited obviously. Ratio of RANKL/OPG in each group differed significantly (P

Objective To explore the abnormal inflammatory cytokine profile of salpingitic infertility by means of cytometric bead assay(CBA). Methods To assay representative inflammatory cytokines of 40 patients of salpingitic infertility(PSI) and 40 healthy control by CBA, and compared 30 samples of serum with peritoneal fluid collected from identical subject. Results Experiment data displayed that in PSI the Th lymphocytes were decreased significantly (t =2. 1236,P <0. 05), Ts lymphocytes increased markedly, and the ratio of Th/Ts markedly decreased ( t = 2. 8392, P < 0. 01 ), compared with those of healthy control.(Pre-)inflammatory eytokines (IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) were all significantly higher than those of healthy controls ( t = 4. 9302,5. 5449,3. 4975,5. 6623, respectively, all P < 0. 01 ) ; while anti-inflammatory cytokines ( IL-10, IL-12 ), also increased markedly ( t = 5. 3428,5.9847, respectively, all P < 0. 01 ).Beside IL-10, all other cytokine concentrations presented in serum were higher than that of peritoneal fluid;IL-8(t =2.2113,P <0.05),IL-llS(t =2.9756,P <0.01), IL-6(t =2.3298,P <0.05), TNF-α (t =3. 2895, P < 0. 05 ), IL-12 ( t = 3. 3281, P < 0. 05 ), implying more sensitive of serum samples. Conclusion PSI displayed extensive disorders of the inflammatory cytokine network, CBA can be used to probe the disharmony condition at high through-out and high sensitivity.

With the development of higher medical education,the traditional academic year system can no longer meet the development of the times.This paper analyzes the advantages of the Credit System and the difficulties met by Medical Colleges and Universities that apply Credit System Management Mode,and make some proposals to the measures of the credit system management.

[Objective] To explore the effects of rifampicin on cell morphology,intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS),reduced glutathione (GSH),and cell apoptosis in rotenone-induced differentiated pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.[Methods] Rotenone was added in rat PC12 cells to develop a model of Parkinson's disease in vitro.Cell morphology was observed by microscope.Intracellular GSH was determined by a microplate reader.The intracellular ROS and the apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry.[Results] Compared with control group and rifampicin control group,GSH significantly decreased but ROS and apoptosis rate significantly increased in rotenone group.Compared with rotenone group,GSH significantly increased but ROS and apoptosis rate significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner in rifampicin control group (100,200,and 300 μmol/L).[Conclusion] Rifampicin may reduce the damage of rotenone-induced differentiated PC12 cells through inhibiting oxidative injury in a dose-dependent manner.

OBJRCTIVE:To study the feasibility and the preparation of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP 2 )carrying gel microspheres by dextran-glycidyl methacrylate(DEX-GMA)and to make an initial study on the drug-loading and drug releasing function of gel.METHODS:The orthogonal test was conducted with the reaction temperature,the addition of DEX-GMA and Span-80,the stirring speed and so on as investigation factors,the best preparation technics of BMP 2 -DEX-GMA gel microspheres was optimized and the finished products of which were given an initial determination.RE-SULTS:The BMP 2 -DEX-GMA gel microspheres preparation could be made by suspension polymerization,the optimized preparation technics including the reaction temperature was30℃,the addition of DEX-GMA and Span-80were0.6%and0.06%respectively,the stirring speed was300r/min,the BMP 2 -DEX-GMA gel microspheres from the above formulation take good shapes with the particle diameter at20?m～50?m,the envelopment ratio was(78.52?4.34)%,the quantity of drug-loading was(10.68?1.34)%,and the swelling ratio was85.9%,which has a good stability and redispersibility.CON-CLUSION:The preparation technics of gel microspheres drug-loading system is simple and the loading dosage is high,which can be used as a bioactive drugs carrier.

Objective To investigate the changing trend of incidence and the relevant factors in fetal macrosomia. Methods 84 883 newborns during Jan. 1,1970 to Dec. 31,1999 were used to analyze the incidence of fetal macrosomia,the average birth weight,the percentage of superior fetal macrosomia, the distribution of gestational age, the rate of cesarean section and the vaginal delivery, the relevant factors of fetal macrosomia. Results All the cases were divided into 3 groups, one group from 1970 to 1979, the second one from 1980 to 1989, the third one from 1990 to 1999. The incidence of fetal macrosomia for three groups were 2. 6%, 6. 9% and 13 2% ( P

With the internationalization of nursing education,one major project facing higher nursing education is to foster lots of high quality nursing specialists,with properties of international vision,development prospect,and adaptation to international nursing positions.Chongqing Medical University engaged in reforming and implementation of talents culturing and yielded significant effect along with the main competency ideology of humanistic caring,critical thinking,evidence-based nursing,practicing and international competition.

Objective To investigate the effect of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS),in the kidney fibrosis of MRL/lpr lupus mice.Methods The expression of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)and γ-GCS in the kidney tissue of MRL/lpr lupus mice and control mice were detected by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)and immunohistochemistry.The relationship between CTGF and γ-GCS was analyzed.Results The transcription and expression of CTGF in the kidney tissue of MRL/lpr lupus mice was significantly higher as compared with that of the control mice(CTGF mRNA:1.052±0.004 vs 0.402±0.009,P<0.01;CTGF protein:3.364±0.460 vs 1.206±0.271,P<0.01);whereas the expression of γ-GCS mRNA was decreased in MRL/lpr lupus mice(0.952±0.011 vs 1.145±0.066,P<0.01).Pearson's regression analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between CTGF and γ-GCS(r=-0.902,P<0.01).Conclusion The decreased expression of γ-GCS in the kidney of MRL/lpr lupus mice may compromise the ability of antioxidative stress,and there is a negative correlation between γ-GCS and CTGF.This suggests that the perturbation of γ-GCS may contribute to the progress of kidney fibrosis.