BACKGROUND:Hip arthroplasty is an effective means currently in repair of femoral neck fractures. With the increased in the amount of surgery, surgery failure rate also has increased. In particular, prosthesis loosening and fracture are very common after replacement.Qiangguyin can promote the formation of osteoblasts, resist osteoporosis, inhibit osteoclast activity, and increase bone density. Drynaria invigorates the kidney, strengthens the bone and tendon and relieves pain, and has bidirectional regulatory effects on promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate effects ofQiangguyin on periprosthetic bone density in patients with femoral neck fracture after hip arthroplasty.
METHODS:96 patients with femoral neck fracture were equaly divided into observation group and control group based on the random number table. Both groups were given selective joint replacement. Patients were implanted with femoral head made by US Stryker Corporation, and fixed with bone cement. After replacement, patients in the control group were treated with calcium D3 tablets and capsules alfacalcidol. On this basis, the treatment group was given theQiangguyin oral drug intervention for a month. Bone density surrounding the prosthesis was observed in both groups. Alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant hydrochloric acid phosphatase activities were detected. Repair effects were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surgery was successfuly completed in al patients. No infection or loosening of the prosthesis occurred. Ambulation time and healing time were significantly less in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference in bone density surrounding the prosthesis was detected between the two groups before medication, and an obvious increased trend was found after medication (P < 0.05). Bone density was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group after medication (P < 0.05). Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in the two groups after medication, but tartrate-resistant hydrochloric acid phosphatase activity was significantly decreased, which showed significant differences as compared with that before medication (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, significant differences in serum alkaline phosphatase activity and tartrate-resistant hydrochloric acid phosphatase activity were detected between the observation and control groups after medication (P < 0.05). At 6 months after replacement, the excelent and good rate of joint function was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (94%, 79%,P < 0.05). These results indicate that Qiangguyin could resist bone resorption and suppress excessive bone turnover, improve bone density around the prosthesis, and restore joint function after hip arthroplasty.

Objective To explore the safety of fat reduction treated by non invasive focused ultrasound.Methods A randomized double-blind and negative control clinical trial was carried out on the excess fat of 40 subjects' abdomen by a JCS-01 non-invasive focused ultrasound device.Subjects received treatments with the device on day 1 and day 7.Observations on the area treated and inquiries on feelings were conducted during treatments.Before the first treatment and 14 days after the treatment,laboratory examinations were performed,including liver function,blood lipid tests,etc.Results 40 subjects participated in the trial and 36 subjects (18 each in both treatment and control groups) accomplished 2 times of treatments,all followed-up and laboratory examinations.During the process of treatments,4 subjects in the experimental group complained about feelings of tepidity or pricking.One subject on blood test of triglyceride showed slightly higher than her early normal result,which fell to the normal level at reexamination.Conclusions Subjects treated by non-invasive focused ultrasound at the area of no more than 500 cm2 every time and at an interval of 6 days manifest little changes on the blood test results,with slightly local reactions but no complaints during follow-up.

Objective Hirsutella sinensis (HS) is the anmorph of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis). O.sinensis and Panax notoginseng are two popular Chinese herbs, commonly used in traditional Chinese prescriptions for the treatment of various diseases. A combination of HS extract with P. notoginseng saponin (PNS) extract demonstrated more prominent lung-protective activity than the two herbs individually used in our preliminary studies. This study further investigated the action of their combination (HSPNS) on anti pulmonary fibrosis using a Bleomycin (BLM)induced mouse model. Methods BLM-treated Kunming mice was given HSPNS daily for 7, 14 or 28 d via ig administration. After treatment, following parameters were monitored using proper methods, respectively. Lung index, serum and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyproline (HYP) contents, lung superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and expression levels of collagen Ⅰ (Col- Ⅰ) and collagen Ⅲ (Col-Ⅲ). The lung biopsies were also dissected for semiquantitative histological analysis. Results The results indicated that HSPNS significantly reduced lung index, MDA and HYP contents, and expression levels of TGF-β1,Col- Ⅰ, and Col-Ⅲ. The combination also remarkably enhanced SOD activity compared with BLM-induced group.Moreover, the severe pulmonary fibrosis histopathological changes induced by BLM could be attenuated by HSPNS treatment. Conclusion These results suggest that HSPNS could significantly inhibit the progression of pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM and its inhibitory effect might associate with its ability to scavenge free radicals, decrease TGF-β1 level, and inhibit collagen synthesis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of using the JCS-01 focused ultrasound fat reduction machine for noninvasively breaking fat cells and abdomen sculpting treatment.

METHOD40 qualified subjects were enrolled in the study per the IRB-approved protocol and randomly assigned into trial and control groups. The fat reduction treatments were performed using the JCS-01 focused ultrasound fat reduction machine made by Beijing 3H Medical Technology Co., Ltd. The trial group received ultrasound energy treatment in their abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on the 1st and 7th days of the trial. The control group followed the similar procedure except that the ultrasound energy was turned off during treatments. Both the trial and control groups were followed-up on 1,7,14, 35 days post treatment.

RESULTSThe waist circumference measured on 14, 35 days were reduced 2.52 cm +/- 1.04 cm and 3.31 cm +/- 0.67cm in comparison with the baseline values in the trial group, reaching the protocol hypothesis of at least 1.5 cm abdominal circumference reduction, which demonstrated the treatment efficacy. The adverse events included minor and transient thermal sensation and mild pain in the treated abdomen area in the trial group. No other adverse events were observed. Clinical biochemistry assay testing showed that the subjects liver and kidney function indicators had no significant change.

CONCLUSIONIt is safe and effective to use the JCS-01 focused ultrasound fat reduction machine for abdomen fat reduction treatment.

Adult ; Body Fat Distribution ; Cosmetic Techniques ; Female ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Waist Circumference

Objective:To investigate the effects of ultra-high dose rate radiation (FLASH-RT) and conventional radiation (CONV-RT) on plasma metabolites in glioma mice.Methods:Tocally 21 male C57BL/6J mice bearing intracranial glioma xenograft were randomly divided into healthy control group ( n=3), CONV-RT group ( n=9) and FLASH-RT group ( n=9). The CONV-RT group was administered a single dose of 24 Gy radiation on the head of mice at a dose rate of 0.4 Gy/s, and the FLASH-RT group was administered a single dose of 24 Gy radiation on the head of mice at a dose rate of 60 Gy/s, and the healthy control group was given 0 Gy pseudoradiation under the same condition. Mice blood was collected through the inner canthus vein for plasma separation at 1, 3 and 7 d after radiation in the two radiation groups, and the blood plasma of healthy control group was collected at 7 days after sham radiation. The changes in plasma metabolites were detected by the non-targeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography mass spectrometry tandem platform. Results:After irradiation, the metabolites in plasma of two irradiation groups had significant difference. Compared with the healthy control group, 12 and 5 differential metabolites were screened out in the FLASH-RT group and CONV-RT group at three time points, respectively. The difference of plasma metabolites had the largest value at 1 day and decreased at 3 and 7 d after radiation. The arachidonic acid and isovaleric acid, involving arachidonic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and tyrosine metabolism pathways were screened in both FLASH-RT group and CONV-RT group, and the 10 differential metabolites, mainly involving energy metabolism and redox reactions, only existed in the FLASH-RT group.Conclusions:Arachidonic acid and isovaleric acid may be the common sensitive biomarkers to different radiation patterns, which provides ideas for further exploring the molecular mechanism of FLASH-RT in the treatment of glioma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies in the genitourinary system with a poor prognosis, especially in patients with RCC who have metastases. RCC is conventionally considered not sensitive to radiotherapy. Compared with conventional radiotherapy, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has the characteristics of higher precision, higher irradiation dose, and less damage to the surrounding tissue. In recent years, SBRT has shown definite efficacy in the treatment of primary and advanced metastatic RCC. SBRT combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy can improve the local tumor control rate and cause fewer adverse reactions in patients with primary and advanced metastatic RCC. This article reviews the literature on the strategy and progress of SBRT in combination with targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death. Unlike apoptosis, pyroptosis is always accompanied by inflammation. It has been found that cell pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. Pyroptosis also plays an important role in radiation injury caused by radiotherapy. Ionizing radiation breaks DNA in cells and induces oxygen free radicals, which are good inducers of pyroptosis. Therefore, this paper reviewed the research progress on the mechanism of cell pyroptosis in radiation injury from the perspective of relative signaling pathways, in order to provide new ideas for weakening or blocking radiation injury.

Objective:To study the effects of FLASH irradiation (FLASH-RT) and conventional irradiation (CONV-RT) on gene expression profile in mouse liver, in order to provide theoretical basis of the potential mechanism of FLASH-RT.Methods:A total of 11 C57BL/6J male mice were divided into healthy control group (Ctrl group), CONV-RT group and FLASH-RT group according to random number table method. Mouse abdomen was treated with 12 Gy CONV-RT or FLASH-RT. Then the mice were killed by neck removal, and the liver tissues were collected to extract total RNA for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) that was then analyzed by bio-informatics analysis to investigate the changes of gene expression profiles. The mRNA expression levels of Stat1, Irf9 and Rela were verified by quantitative real-time PCR assay.Results:1 762 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in group FLASH-RT vs. CONV-RT. Among them, 660 genes were up-regulated and 1 102 genes were down-regulated. 1 918 DEGs were identified in groups FLASH-RT vs. Ctrl. Among them, 728 genes were up-regulated and 1 190 genes were down-regulated. 1 569 DEGs were identified in group CONV-RT vs. Ctrl. Among them, 1 046 genes were up-regulated and 523 genes were down-regulated. According to Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, these DEGs from groups FLASH-RT vs. CONV-RT were involved in various functions including defense response to virus, other organisms in cell components, adenylyltransferase activity in molecular function activity. These DEGs from group FLASH-RT vs. Ctrl were involved in various functions including defense response to other oranisms, endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex, double-stranded RNA binding and so on. These DEGs from group FLASH-RT vs. CONV-RT were involved in several Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways including influenza A, Herpes simplex infection and so on. These DEGs from group FLASH-RT vs. Ctrl were involved in several KEGG pathways including influenza A, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Stat1 was likely to be activated by FLASH radiation. The quantitative real-time PCR assay showed that FLASH-RT obviously increased the mRNA expressions of Stat1, Irf9 and Rela ( t=6.62, 2.11, 1.67, P<0.05). Conclusions:FLASH-RT and CONV-RT could alter gene expression profiles in mouse liver tissues, and these DEGs are involved in multiple radiobiological functional pathways. In comparison with CONV-RT, FLASH-RT induces a low level of liver injury, which may due to hypoxia radiation resistance.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical phenotypes and molecular characteristics of adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung(ASC)in elderly patients.Methods:Clinical data of 72 ASC patients in the Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2009 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and 48 patients aged ≥60 years were selected.Clinical manifestations, imaging findings, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics were collected, and gene mutations were detected by the amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS-PCR).Results:There were 48 patients including 32 males and 16 females with a mean age of 70 years(range: 60-84 years). The maximum diameters of the tumors ranged from 0.3 to 9.0 cm(mean: 2.8 cm). Microscopically, the tumors contained two components, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, with the squamous cell carcinoma tissue showing intercellular bridges and the adenocarcinoma tissue showing papillary, acinar or tubular structures.Immunohistochemistry assays detected varying expression levels of CK7(30/31), CK5/6(20/28), TTF1(12/31), P40(15/17), and P63(12/13). Molecular testing showed that the EGFR mutation rate was 58.8%(10/17)and the ALK fusion mutation rate was 5.9%(1/17), while ROS1 and MET mutations were not detected.All 48 patients underwent surgical resection.Conclusions:ASC cases are relatively rare and prone to misdiagnosis.The diagnosis requires the combination of HE morphology, immunohistochemistry and imaging examination, and surgery is the main treatment option.The mutation rate of the EGFR gene is relatively high in ASC patients.