In recent years, lumbar non-fusion as a novel technique of spinal surgery, can reserve the integrated function of intervertebral disc and zygapophysial joint, maintain or recover the segmental movement to a normal level, and have no adverse effect on the neighboring segments. It is possible for the lumbar non-fusion to substitute lumbar fusion, but its application requires a reasonable and perfect verification. The implants’ safety and biocompatibility with the host need further clinical researches for the satisfactory outcomes.

Interspinous process device is a kind of non-fusion implant for posterior spinal surgery.It is classified by static system and dynamic system according to its characteristics.With rapid development of internal fixator manufacture,materials for interspinous process device become increasing,such as bone allograft,titanium,poly(ether-ether-ketone) and lactoprene composite.A large number of experimental and clinical researches reveal the advantages of this technology in degenerative spinal stenosis,intervertebral original lower back pain,facet syndrome,protrusion of intervertebral disk,and lumbar instability.However,there are still many problems such as the influence on the lumbar posterior column,the mechanism to lumbar disc and the effect on the stability of spine etc.In addition,the clinical indications need to validate by long-term follow up.

Idiopathic scoliosis is a common disorder in spinal surgery, and operative intervention with three-dimensional interfixation is an effective treatment for it. Postoperative evaluation of spinal balance is an important index to evaluate the efficacy of the operative intervention. The radiologic parameters for evaluating postoperative spinal balance in coronal, sagittal and axial view were reviewed in this article.

Objective To study the treatment strategy and clinical results of surgical management for unstable Hangmans fracture. Methods From May 1994 to December 2001, 52 cases of Hangmans fracture were admitted and recorded in Changhai hospital and Changzheng hospital. According to the classification system designed by Levine and Edwards depending on the radiological manifestations of Hangmans fracture, there were stable fracture (type Ⅰ) in 24 cases, all of whom were treated conservatively, and unstable fracture in 28 cases, who were subdivided into type Ⅱ in 9 cases, type ⅡA in 12 cases and type Ⅲ in 7 cases. The clinical results of 28 cases of unstable Hangmans fracture were analyzed in the study retrospectively. Of 28 unstable fractures, there were 22 males and 6 females, aging from 17 to 62 years with an average of 39 years, and all patients were treated surgically. The interval from injury to the index operation was from one to sixteen days(mean, 4 days). The mechanisms of injury were traffic accident in 13 cases, bruise in 6 cases, falling down in 5 cases, hyperextension in 2 cases and other cause in 2 cases. 12 cases were complicated with neurological symptoms. The patients were given traction from 2 kg to 4 kg increasing gradually; and bedside X-ray examination was taken to confirm the reduction of fracture two to seven days later. 20 cases received anterior fusion and internal fixation with anterior plate; other 8 cases received posterior fusion and internal fixation. The treatment results of anterior and posterior approach group were evaluated. Results One week after operation, X-ray films showed complete reduction of C2,3 dislocation and satisfied internal fixation in all patients. 20 cases of anterior fixation and 4 cases of posterior pedicle screws fixation obtained normal fuction of cervical spine, however, 4 cases using posterior approach, bone grafting and wire fixation had cervical rotational loss of 50% to 70%. Temporary larynx edema occurred in 7 cases, and cured with spray inhalation and dehydration therapy within 72 hours. All of the cases achieved bony fusion; and the neurological function were restored satisfactorily once the fracture and dislocation were reduced. Conclusion Anterior fusion and plate fixation for unstable Hangmans fracture provide an immediate instability, early ambulation and retain the maximal motion range of cervical spine.

Objective: To study the factors and preventive method of post-operative complications of spinal implant operation. Methods: The post-operative complication of 451 cases who had undergone spinal implant operation were analysed retrospectively. The relative factors of complications were analyzed. Results: Infection, thrombosis of deep vein and failed fusion were the most common complications. Among the factors, the age, operation time and blood lose during operation were closely related with the complication. Using antibiotic was effective to reduce the infection. Conclusion: It is effective to reduce the post-operative complication of spinal implant operation by proper pre-operative evaluation. Using antibiotic to control other diseases is also effective.

The Campylobacter carrier rate of the bile was 23. 64%,14. 29%,7. 14%,6. 64%,5.88%, 5.55% and 3. 63% in the quails, cats, dogs, pigs, chickens, ducks and oxen respectively. The survival time of Campylobacter in the bile in vitro ranged from 4 to 7 weeks. The Campylobacter carrier rate of the intestinal content was higher than that of the bile in all the domestic animals and fowls. It is believed that the domestic animals and fowls may be an important source of Campylobacter infection in human beings according to our findings.

20?) or vertebral semiluxation and vertebral pathological fracture group (n=14),which was treated with full laminectomy and limited correction with pedicle screw/rod internal fixation system by augmentation and restoration with bone cement in the screw tract; mild coronal plane deformity (Cobb’s angle

Objective: To study the biocompatibility of CFR/PEEK composite in bone tissue after implanted in lumbar intervertebral space and to evaluate its role in the interbody fusion compared to the allograft bone. Methods: Thirteen beagles were chosen among which 7 were implanted with the disk-like CFR/PEEK composite in the lumbar intervertebral space and the other 6 were implanted with allograft bone. X-ray, QCT and histological examination were employed at 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Results: The X-ray results of fusion segment were in conformity with the QCT's as well as that of histological results. All animals obtained a complete fusion at 24 months. Histological examination revealed that the anterior soft tissue to the implant exhibited a nonspecific foreign body reaction with connective tissue embed the biomaterials. Carbon fragment were seen in the surrounding tissue and some of the debric were phagocytosed by foreign body giant cell. Histological examination of bone and material revealed that new bone grew along the hole of CFR/PEEK implant. Conclusion: CFR/PEEK has an excellent biocompatibility to bone tissue.

Objective To provide regional anatomical data for clinical application through observing the type, length and diameter of variation in the medial cubital vein of upper limb. Methods Dissected the medial cubital vein of upper limb in 35 (70 sides) adult cadavers (male 38, female 7), and observed the morphological structure. The length and vessel diameter of the medial cubital vein were measured. Results The variation of the medial cubital vein of upper limb was divided into six type. TypeⅠincluded 29 cases (41. 43%) of male and 8 cases (11. 43%) of female;Type Ⅱ included 14 cases (20. 00%) of male and 4 cases (5. 71%) of female;Type Ⅲ included 7 cases (10. 00%) of male and 2 cases (2. 86%) of female;TypeⅣincluded 3 cases (4. 29%) of male and 0 cases of female;TypeⅤincluded 2 cases (2. 86%) of male and 0 cases of female;TypeⅥincluded 1 cases (1. 43%) male and 0 cases of female. Conclusion This study enriched anthropology data of the medial cubital vein and it has the role of guiding in clinical applications.

Objective:To study the relationship between dynamic Hoffmann's sign(DHS) and the early diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods:Patients with neck, shoulder and back pain (218 cases) were employed in this investigation. Among them, 96 cases had positive reaction to DHS test and they received 3 7 years follow up as study group. The other 122 cases negative to DHS test were taken as control group. The clinical data included the patient's symptoms and signs, sagittal diameter of cervical spinal canal, Pavlov rate, angular displacement and horizontal displacement between cervical vertebral, etc . Results:There were 72 cases in study group developed cervical spondylotic myelopathy and needed operation during follow up. Meanwhile, 11 cases in control group received surgical treatment. The incidence of stenosis of cervical spinal canal, herniation of cervical intervertebral disc and instability of cervical spine in DHS group were significantly higher than that of the control group. Conclusion:DHS is closely related to the onset of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The patients should be followed up closely if they present positive reaction to DHS, and should be operated on early when their neurological symptom is progressing.