By inquiring the medical students under the background of grouping teaching between the mainland students and the oversea Chinese students,we have got something about their attitude toward the credit system.The result will help us to improve the teaching renovation in medical education.The questionnaire including implementing of credit system,standard credit system, grouping teaching,curriculum,tutor system of the undergraduates,the administration of education,and so on.Then we analyze and get the result.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of L.F04, the active fraction of Lycopus lucidus, on erythrocytes rheological property so as to investigate its mechanism in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

METHODThe effects of L.F04 (used for treatment for 10 days in different dosages) on deformability, aggregation and membrane liquidity of erythrocytes (MLE) as well as whole blood apparent viscosity (eta(b)) were examined on the basis of rat model of blood-stasis syndrome induced by venous injection of high molecular weight dextran.

RESULTAs compared with the normal control group, the model group's RBC deformability and MLE were lower, and the aggregation of erythrocytes and eta(b) were higher. Compared with the model group, both L.F04 0.612 g/kg and 0.306 g/kg showed significant effect in improving deformability and inhibiting aggregation of red blood cells (RBC) and reducing blood viscosity. The trend of improving MLE was also shown.

CONCLUSIONL.F04 could significantly improve the abnormal rheological property of erythrocytes.

Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Dextrans ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Erythrocyte Aggregation ; drug effects ; Erythrocyte Deformability ; drug effects ; Hemorheology ; Hemostasis ; drug effects ; Lycopus ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Space Flight

OBJECTIVETo investigate the functional reconstruction technique for partial lower lip defects.

METHODS7 patients with lower lip cancer (3 cases of basal cell carcinoma, 2 cases squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases papillary carcinoma) underwent excision. The full-thickness lower lip defects were one-third to two-third of the total lower lip length. All the defects were reconstructed with V-Y island advancement flaps based on the mental neurovascular bundle.

RESULTSThere was no flap loss. No recurrence was observed during the follow-up period of 3 months to one year. Both the aesthetic appearance, muscle function and sensation of the reconstructed lower lip were satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSMental neurovascular V-Y island advancement flap is an ideal method for functional repair of partial lower lip defect.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; surgery ; Chin ; innervation ; Female ; Humans ; Lip ; injuries ; Lip Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply

AIMTo explore the expression of ER and PR mRNAs in endometrium with endometriosis.

METHODSThe rat model of endometriosis was established, and the expression of ER, PR mRNAs in the endometrium was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe expression of ER and PR mRNAs in ectopic endometrium was significantly lower than that in eutopic and normal endometrium (P < 0.01). But no difference was observed between eutopic and normal endometrium (P > 0.05). Ratio of ER/PR mRNA in ectopic endometrium was larger than that in eutopic and in normal endometrium (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe result illuminates that the increased ER plays a vital role in the onset of endometriosis.

Animals ; Endometriosis ; metabolism ; Endometrium ; metabolism ; Female ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Estrogen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo extract corosolic acid from loquat leaves for medical use.

METHODSLoquat leaves were boiled in water to remove the water-soluble substances followed by 3 cycles of extraction with 25% aqueous methanol for 30 min and then by 95% aqueous methanol for 1 h at 80 degrees celsius;. After cooling at room temperature and filtration, the extract was treated with activated carbon to remove chlorophyll, and the liquid was filtered and concentrated to allow precipitation. The sediment was washed to obtain the total crude triterpene acid, which was further dissolved with methanol and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The fractions including corosolic acid were collected, concentrated with vacuum distillation, and dried to obtain corosolic acid product, which was analyzed with HPLC.

RESULTSHPLC analysis of the extracts showed that the percentages of corosolic acid were 4.66%, 2.42%, and 24.18% in crude corosolic acid extracted with methanol, boiling water, and 95% aqueous methanol, respectively. After purification with HPLC, the purity of corosolic acid in the product exceeded over 80%.

CONCLUSIONThe optimal extraction method, which is convenient and cost-effective, is established for extracting corosolic acid from loquat leaves for medical use.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Eriobotrya ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; Triterpenes ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the surgical outcomes after transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.

METHODSPatients undergoing transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer at the Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University were included.

RESULTSThree patients underwent transumbilical single-port access laparoscopic radical resection for sigmoid colon cancer and 1 for rectal cancer between August 2010 and September 2010. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. No conversion was required. The mean operative time was 206 min and the mean estimated blood loss was 75 ml. The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 21. Patients were ambulatory in the same day of surgery or postoperative day 1. Length of hospital stay ranged from 7 to 10 days.

CONCLUSIONSTransumbilical single-port access laparoscopic surgery is safe for colorectal cancer. Long-term outcomes warrant further investigation.

Adult ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Umbilicus ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of chloride channels in the apoptosis of poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells induced by gambogic acid (GA).

METHODSMTT assay was applied to detect the proliferation of CNE-2Z cells after GA treatment, and the cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33342 staining. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was employed to record GA-activated Cl(-) currents in the cells.

RESULTSGA inhibited the cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) of 3.1 µmol/L for a 48-h treatment. The apoptosis-inducing effect of 8 µmol/L GA was attenuated by the chloride channel blocker NPPB (100 µmol/L) and tamoxifen (20 µmol/L). GA induced an outward-rectified Cl(-) current in the cells, which was significantly inhibited by NPPB.

CONCLUSIONGA suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by activating Cl(-) channels in CNE-2Z cells, suggesting the important role of Cl(-) channels in GA-induced apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chloride Channels ; drug effects ; physiology ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Xanthones ; pharmacology

Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Cell Fusion ; methods ; Cell Line ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Fibrosarcoma ; immunology ; pathology ; Hybrid Cells ; immunology ; Mastocytoma ; immunology ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo study the difference and similarity between Hans and Uighurs in regard to Rhesus box and its significance.

METHODSThe sequence specific primers of upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were designed on the basis of RHD gene sequence. The upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCP-SSP) and mismatched PCR.

RESULTSThe percentage of RHD-/RHD-, RHD+/RHD- and RHD+/RHD+ genotypes ascertained in the unrelated Hans with RhD(-) were 61.40%, 34.21% and 4.39% respectively, while those in the unrelated Chinese Uighurs with RhD(-) were 94.44%, 2.78% and 2.78% respectively. Furthermore, all 6 cases of some other minorities were RHD-/RHD- types. The percentage of RHD-/RHD- and RHD+/RHD- genotypes ascertained in the unrelated Chinese Uighurs were significantly higher than those in Chinese Hans (P < 0.01), whereas no statistically significant difference in the percentage of RHD+/RDH+ genotype between the two groups was observed (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe Rh blood group of Uighurs in Xingjiang possesses both Oriental and Caucasian characteristics, which embodies a special ethnical aspect of the Chinese nation and is in accord with the anthropologic research results.

China ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study, through blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI), the cerebral activated areas evoked by electro-acupuncturing (EA) the right Hegu point (L14) or non-acupoint points on the face, and through comparing their similarities and differences, to speculate on the specific cerebral areas activated by stimulating L14, for exploring the mechanism of its effect in potential clinical application.

METHODSEA was applied at volunteers' right L14 (of 9 subjects in the L14 group) and facial non-acupoint points (of 5 subjects in the control group), and whole brain 3-dimensional T1 anatomical imaging of high resolution 1 x 1 x 1 mm(3) used was performed with clustered stimulatory mode adopted by BOLD fMRI. Pretreatment and statistical t-test were conducted on the data by SPM2 software, then the statistical parameters were superimposed to the 3-dimensional anatomical imaging.

RESULTSData from 3 testees of the 9 subjects in the L14 group were given up eventually because they were unfit to the demand due to different causes such as movement of patients' location or machinery factors. Statistical analysis showed that signal activation or deactivation was found in multiple cerebral areas in 6 subjects of L14 group and 5 subjects of the control group (P<0.01). In the L14 group, the areas which showed signal activation were: midline nuclear group of thalamus, left supra marginal gyrus, left supra temporal gyrus, right precuneous lobe, bilateral temporal pole, left precentral gyrus and left cerebellum; those which showed signal deactivation were: bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala body area, rostral side/ audal side of cingulate gyrus, prefrontal lobe and occipital lobe as well as left infratemporal gyrus. In the control group, areas which showed signal activation were: bilateral frontal lobe, postcentral gyrus, Reil's island lobe, primary somato-sensory cortex, cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, occipital cuneiform gyrus and/or precuneus gyrus and right brainstem; and the area that showed deactivation was left median frontal lobe.

CONCLUSIONThe effects of EA L14 in regulating cerebral activities could be displayed and recorded through BOLD fMRI, the distribution of signally deactivated area evoked by EA L14 was similar to the known distribution of anatomical orientation of pain in brain, and closely related to the anatomic structure of limbic system, which areas are possibly the acupuncture analgesic effect's cerebral regulating area. Furthermore, activated portion of left central anterior gyrus, which represent the movement of oral facial muscles, and the activated portion of cerebellum are possibly related with the effect of using EA L14 in treating facial palsy and facial muscle spasm. As for the mechanism of signal deactivation of cerebral activities exhibited in the present study that is unable to be elucidated, it awaits for further research.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Brain ; blood supply ; physiology ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Oxygen ; blood ; Reference Values