Licorice seedlings were taken as experimental materials, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of exogenous sucrose on growth and active ingredient content of licorice seedlings under NaCl stress conditions. The results of this study showed that under salt stress conditions, after adding a certain concentration of exogenous sucrose, the licorice seedlings day of relative growth rate was increasing, and this stress can be a significant weakening effect, indicating that exogenous sucrose salt stress-relieving effect. The total flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity were significantly increased, the exogenous sucrose can mitigated the seedling roots under salt stress, the licorice flavonoid content in the enhanced growth was largely due to the activity of PAL an increased, when the concentration of exogenous sucrose wae 10 mmol x L(-1), PAL activity reaching a maximum, when the concentration of exogenous sucrose was 15 mmol x L(-1), PAL activity turned into a downward trend, the results indicating that this mitigation has concentration effect. After applying different concentrations of exogenous sugar, the contents of liquiritin changes with the change of flavonoids content was similar. After applying different concentrations of exogenous sucrose, the content of licorice acid under salt stress was higher than the levels were not reached during salt stress, the impact of exogenous sucrose concentration gradient of licorice acid accumulation was not obvious.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Sodium Chloride ; metabolism ; Sucrose ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the methods for clinical rational use and state regulation of high risk Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections (TCMIs) based on our hospital TCMIs analysis and literature review. METHODS: By analyzing the prescription rates and amount percentage of TCMIs in emergency, outpatient and inpatient departments of our hospital as well as literature searching to learn the current state and conditions of TCMIs. RESULTS: Utilities of TCMIs from 2012 to 2014 shows an elevated tendency with percentages of 1.19%, 1.34% and 1.40% respectively. Emergency, ENT and internal neurology departments oi outpatient are the top 3 on prescription rates and amount percentage. Inpatients' order rates of TCMIs are 0.79%, 0.80% and 0.79% respectively. Oncology (20%-26%), emergency (12%-14%) and internal neurology (10%-11%) departments are the top 3 amount rates in ordering TCMIs,however, the department of TCM only account for 4%-5%. The percentages of TMCIs amount vs. annual total drug amount during 2012-2014 are 2.10%, 2.07% and 2.14%, which is lower than literature reports. CONCLUSION: Not all the TCMIs use in our hospital are rational, mainly reflects in non-TCM doctors having used the most amount of TCMIs. Therefore, the TCM consultation policy should be established to support TCMI rational utility, TCMIs labels should be strictly regulated and the quality standards of TCMIs should be elevated to ensure the safety and effectiveness. All above efforts should be done to protect and develop TCMI, an innovation of TCM.

Ecotoxicology ; Humans ; Proteomics ; Risk Assessment

BACKGROUND: Property of artificial liver reactor is generally evaluated by using an enclosed experimental device, which is constructed through simulating bioartificial liver supporting system. Moreover, the enclosed experimental device is also comprehensively evaluated biological function of hepatocytes and biological response efficiency. In addition, it is significance for primarily evaluating the properties of polysulfone membrane hollow fiber reactor to optimize bioartificial liver supporting system. OBJECTIVE: To construct polysulfone membrane bioreactor experimental system, understand the effects on plasma of patients with severe hepatitis, and observe the feasibility of hollow fiber reactor regarded as bioartificial liver reactor. DESIGN: Repeated measurement.SETTING: General Infectious Disease Institute, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: Seven Chinese mini-pigs with 1-7 days old and of either gender were provided by Experimental Animal Center, the Third Military Medical University (certification: F99017). The animal disposal accorded to the ethical standard. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) kits were purchased from Jingmei Bioengineering Company, China; polysulfone membrane hollow fiber reactor by Shanghai Dehong Biomaterial Institute, China; Cellco culture-circular artificial capillary culture system by Spectrum Company, USA; seven plasma exponents were taken from admission patients with chronic severe hepatitis during plasma exchange. All patients provided the informed consent, and the animal experiment was conducted with confirmed consent by the local ethics committee.METHODS: This study was performed at the General Infectious Disease Institute, Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2004 to July 2005. ① Experimental procedure: The experimental pigs underwent ablactation at 12 hours before experiment, and then hepatocytes were separated after cleaning their fur. An enclosed system was composed of polysulfone membrane hollow fiber reactor and Cellco culture-circular artificial capillary culture system, which were connected with oxygen-carbon dioxide diffusion tube and media holding pond. Interface of external cavity was blocked with clean rubber tampon. The separated hepatocytes underwent spheroid culture by using magnetic stirring method, and then they were inoculated in the external cavity of polysulfone membrane hollow fiber reactor. Next, 200 mL plasma from severe hepatitis patients was added in media holding pond and circled from internal cavity of reactor to media holding pond at the speed of 80 mL/min. ② Experimental evaluation: 2 mL liquid circulation separately collected from internal cavity of reactor at 0, 2, 4 and 6 hours after circulation was used to measure level of ammonia in supernatant by using glutamic dehydrogenase-violet method. In addition, content of total bilirubin was detected by using automatic biochemistry analyzer, prothrombin time by using automatic blood coagulometer, and TNF-α and TGF-β1 were detected according to the kits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effects of polysulfone membrane bioreactor on ammonia, bilirubin, prothrombin time, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in plasma of patients with severe hepatitis.RESULTS: ① Measurement of ammonia, total bilirubin and prothrombin time in patients with severe hepatitis: Level of ammonia decreased persistently, in particularly, the decrease was obvious from 0 to 2 hours, and then, it was decreased slowly. While, level of total bilirubin was also decreased persistently, and it was significantly lower at 6 hours than that at 0 hour (P < 0.05). Moreover, prothrombin time was decreased persistently, and it was significantly lower at 6 hours than that at 0 hour (P < 0.05). ② Measurement of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in patients with severe hepatitis: Contents of both TNF-α and TGF-β1 decreased persistently, and they were significantly lower at 6 hours than those at 0 hour (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Polysulfone membrane bioreactor experimental system can clear noxious substance of small molecules in plasma of patients with severe hepatitis, supply beneficial components, and decrease levels of cytokines. Therefore, it can be regarded as the bioartificial liver reactor.

Objective To investigate new cases of endemic cretinism in high-risk areas of Inner Mongolia, the prevalence of endemic goiter, the implementation of comprehensive measures, and to provide scientific basis for developing control strategies against iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Methods In 2007 and 2008, a search for new cretin cases was conducted among children under the age of 10 in 11 historical serious epidemic cretinism prevalent areas of Songshan district, Keshiketeng qi, Kalaqin qi, Zhalaite qi, Zhuozi county,Liangcheng county, Qingshuihe county, Helin county, Dongsheng district, Zhungeer qi and Yinjinhuoluo qi. Three to 5 towns were selected in each qi(county, district) and 3 to 5 village primary schools were selected in each town.One hundred and twenty to 200 children aged 8 to 10 were selected in each school to inspect thyroid by B ultrasound and palpation and to test intelligence and urinary iodine. Two villages were selected in each town and 30 households were selected to determine urinary iodine of housewives and salt iodine. Results A total of 56 cases of suspected cases of endemic cretinism were found from the 11 counties but no case was confirmed. The goiter rate of children aged 8 to 10 was 5.2% (309/5922) by palpation and 4.3% (252/5922) by B-ultrasound. The median urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 was 241.5 μg/L, and urinary iodine was 100 to 300 μg/L, accounted 65.9%(3901/5920). Median urinary iodine of the 9 Qis(counties, districts) was in the range of 200 and 300μg/L.Higher than 5% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 50 μg/L was zero. Higher than 10% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 100 μg/L was 1. The median urinary iodine of housewives was 225.6 μg/L, and lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 2.2%(35/1597). Higher than 10% of the 11 Qis(counties, districts) with urinary iodine lower than 100 μg/L was 4. A total of 2109 households were investigated and 97.45%(2055/2109) of them ate iodized salt and 2.55%(54/2109) of them ate non-iodized salt. Conclusions In the 11 investigated counties, goiter rate of children has decreased to less than 10%, and no new cretin was found. It could be concluded that the fulfillment of prevention and control of IDD is effective. The iodine nutrition of children and women of childbearing age is in an adequate level. The coverage rate of iodized salt has maintained at a higher level, the sales network is sound, the salt price is reasonable and salt is easy to get and the children's intelligence is protected effectively. But, the health education about IDD is still weak, need to be reinforced.

Objective To study the relativity between pathology and CT diagnosis and CT classified types of the golioma of the brain.Methods Seventy cases of golioma confirmed by CT diagnosis and pathology by way of non-contrast CT scanning and enhanced scans were analysed in comparison the results of the pathology and CT appearances.Results (1)The accuracy rate of CT diagnosis was 85.7%;(2)having pointed out the CT classified types of the golioma of the brain a acording of CT appearances comibined with shape.Type Ⅰ was(low-tensity,non-enhancement types)16 cases,which can be only seen in Ⅰ and Ⅱ grade of astrocytoma oligodendroglioma,and the latter was often characterized by bending stripe-like calcification or cluster dot-like calcification,both of which occupy 33% of the total (3/9).Type Ⅱ was (ring-like enhanced patterns)13 cases,which often appeared in Ⅱ?Ⅲ?Ⅳ grade astrocytoma,charactenied by parietal-node which took up 53.8%(7/13).The pathology changes were mainly caused by the internal neceosis and a few by cystic changes.Type Ⅲ(nodular or mass-like enhancement) in 31 cases revealed by various types of goliomsas,which were typical CT appearances of medulloblastoma and ependymoma.Type Ⅳ(mixed types)in 10 cases had showed the CT appearances of malignant goliomas.(3)The results indicate that no or slight edema and mass effect as well as intensification were mainly seen in Ⅰ and Ⅱ grade astrocytomas,Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade astrocytomas were classified as the less serious and the serious both of which had distinctive differences.(4)Analyse the CT appearances of brain golioma in terms of tumor cytology had provided the pathology evidences for CT classified patterns.Conclusion CT appearances and CT classified patterns can reflect some pathologie characteristics and provide an important reference for astrocytoma pathology grading.

Objective:To study the cognitive function and brain white matter fiber change in major depressive patients prior and post-treatment.Methods:Eleven major depressed patients were given antidepressants for 10 weeks, and their conditions were evaluated using 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD).The cognitive function was determined by using Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),part of Wechsler memory scale and diffusion tensor ima- ging(DTI)was scanned before and after treatment.11 healthy people as control group were involved and given the same tests at the same time.Results:(1)The WCST scores of patients increased significantly after treatment(prior treatment Cc:1.6?1.6,Re:67.9?20.0,Rpe:51.5?24.8;post treatment Ce:4.0?2.1,Re:43.2?18.8,Rpe:22.8?16.0,P=0.001/0.000/0.003).There was no difference in number sequence memory in Wechsler memory scale.No difference was found between patients after treatment and control group in either WCST or number sequence memory.The patients made significant improvement in the total score of HAMD after treatment(16?14/54?13,t=6.60,P

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diphosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; therapeutic use ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Osteoporosis ; prevention & control

0.05).Some waves(N2,P3,N3) were even absent in children with TS and mental retardation.Statistical analysis indicated that the differences were significant(all P0.05).Conclusion The functional deficit in TS was localized prominently in cerebral cortex and subcortex,and the changes of SEP were almost same marked on both sides.

Objective To induce mice bone marrow(BM) mono-nuclear cells into dendritic cells(DC) in vitro,and then produce function vaccine of anti-myeloma by bone marrow derived dendritic cells(BM-DC).Methods Mono-nuclear cells separated from mice bone marrow were cultured in tissue culture plastics which supplemented granulocyte-macrophage clonystimulating factor(GM-CSF),IL-4.During the 8 days,there were numerous of mature DCs outgrown,and then fused with SP 2/0 myeloma cells in logarithmic growth phase cultured with 8-azaguaine by polyethylene(PEG).The resulting purified DC/myeloma hybrids were generated by selecting with hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine(HAT).The specific anti-tumor activity was examined in vitro.Results Mono-nuclear cells derived from BM cultured by supplement propriate cytokines milieu in tissue culture plastics,and then exposed to lipopolysaccharide(LPS).There were plenty of mature DCs appear as early as day 8,and exhibit dramatic veils of cytoplasm and extensive dendrites in their surfaces,high express CD11c(83.19%),major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-Ⅱ(95.25%),CD86(89.24%),their capacity to stimulate primary T cell responses in mixed leukocyte reaction(MLR) would be shown strongly.Hybrids could grow well through PEG fusion and HAT selection.These hybrids could stimulate naive T cells into cytotoxic T-lymphocyte(CTLs) directed against SP 2/0 myeloma,and exhibit strong specific killed ability.Conclusions BM-DCs is fused with tumor cells ensure the tumor associated antigens could be processed and presented effectively,and stimulate specific anti-tumor immunity so that prevent or cure this kind of tumor.So it's feasible in practice to produce anti-tumor vaccine by BM-DCs.