Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Female ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; analysis ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Proteome ; analysis ; Proteomics ; methods ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

[Objective]The present study was undertaken to investigate the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical interbody fusion(ACIF),and to identify the factors which are related to the development of this disease.[Method]From 1981 to 1997,a total of 160 patients underwent anterior cervical in terbody fusion for intervertebral disc herniation and cervical spondylosis.A total of 112 patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for more than two years.Of them,74 were men and 38 were women,the average age at operation was 51 years(ranged,31~70 years).Of the 112 patients,66 had one,44 had two and 2 had three levels of fusion.Follow-up evaluation was primarily viaclinical visited.The post-operative course of any symptoms,the findings of neurological examination and serial follow-up radiographs were performed in all patients.The diagnosis of symptomatic adjacent segment disease was based on the presence of new radiculopathy or myelopathy symptoms referable to an adjacent level,and the presence of a compressive lesion at an adjacent level by magnetic resonance imaging or myelography.We evaluated the correlation between the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease and the following clinical parameters(age at operation sex,number of the levels fused)and radiological parameters(preoperative cervical spine alignment,preoperative range of motion of C_(2~7) cervical spine,antero-posterior spinal canal diameter,preoperative existence of an adjacent segment degeneration on plain radiograph,myelography and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).[Result]The average length of follow-up was 9.4 years(ranged,2 to 19 years).Symptomatic adjacent segment disease developed in 19 out of 112 patients(19%)followed.A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed in order to follow the disease-free survival of the entire series of patients.The disease free survival rates were 89% at 5 years,84% at 10 years and 67% at 17 years.The incidences of indentation of dura matter on pre-operative myelography or disc protrusion on MRI at the adjacent level were significantly higher in disease cases(P=(0.0 087),(0.0 299),respectively;Chi-square test).Howerer,the other parameters did not show a statistically significant difference.There were 7 cases(37%)who had failure of non-operative treatment and additional operations were performed.[Conclusion]The incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after ACIF was higher when pre-operative myelography or MRI revealed asymptomatic disc degeneration at that level regardless of the number of the level number fused,pre-operative alignment,spinal canal diameter of fusion alignment.

[Objective]Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)are commonly multiple fractures and this study is aimed to explore how to determine the symptomatical fractured vertebrae as well as the pitfalls in treating OVCFs using percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP).[Method]Forty-eight OVCFs patients(78 vertebrae)undergoing PVP were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients had anteroposterior and lateral plain X-rays as well as T1W1,T2W1 and fat-compressing(STIR)MR images preoperatively.The symptomatical fractured vertebrae were determined with combination of regional pain、X-rays and MR images.Of all the patients,36 were injected unilaterally while 12 were injected bilaterally.The mean injected volume of PMMA were 3-7 ml.[Result]The back pain of all the patients were relieved to different degrees postoperatively.The back pain completely disappeared in 30 patients while the left back pain was not improved though the right back pain disappeared in 2 patients who were injected via right approach.The back pain almost disappeared but the bilateral rib pain was not improved in 1 patient with T8 vertebral fracture.No severe complications including pulmonary emboli occurred.[Conclusion]The symptomatical fractured vertebrae should be determined comprehensively not only based on preoperative X-rays but also on the MR images,especially fat-compressing MR images.Only when the fractured vertebrae demonstrate low intensity on T1W1 MR image and high-intensity on T2W1 or fat-compressing MR image can we consider them new fractures.Otherwhise,the fractured vertebrae are considered old fractures and they see no necessity to be injected.The injection should reach the most severely fractured part and if necessary the bilateral approaches are considered.PMMA should be injected after the bone cements are solid enough so as not to develop complications such as pulmonary emboli.

Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral

The information entropy, H = - Pk log Pk, has been proved in this paper to be always positive and invariant for a linear coordinate transformation, so that it can be used as a measuring index. On the contrary, the integral term of the information entropy, H(x) = -f(x) log f(x) dx, is not always positive and invariant for a linear coordinate transformation. Therefore, H(x) can not be used as a measuring index. An example of a probability density function for response of nerve to electric current with different intensities is given to confirm above conclusions.

Adult ; Aged ; Boronic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; complications ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Renal Insufficiency ; complications ; drug therapy

Objective The aim of this paper is to know about the pollution of microcystin-LR(MC-LR)in Fenhe First reservoir and Fenhe Second reservoir in Taiyuan and provide reference for making the policy of prevention microcystin-LR pollution.Methods During the low water period(May,2005)and common period(Oct,2005),5 liter water was sampled in the entrance,the center and the exit in Fenhe First reservoir and Fenhe Second reservoir respectively.The concentrations of MC-LR in two reservoirs were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results The average concentration (0.875 ?g/L)of MC-LR in low water period was 3 time of that(0.283 ?g/L)in common period in Fenhe First reservoir.The average concentration(0.815 ?g/L)of MC-LR in low water period was 17 time of that(0.048 ?g/L)in common period in Fenhe Second reservoir.The level of MC-LR in the entrance was the highest,that in the exit was the lowest,that in the center was middle. The concentration of MC-LR of the entrance in low water period was more than the MC-LR limit(1 ?g/L)in Life drinking water hygienic guide(2001).Conclusion MC-LR pollution has been found in Fenhe First reservoir and Fenhe Second reservoir and the pollution is serious in low water period.

OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate prostate health index (PHI) in predicting the results of prostate biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

METHODSWe retrieved the literature relevant to the value of PHI in predicting prostate cancer at prostate biopsy published from the inception to February 2014 in the databanks of PubMed (1966 - 2014), CNKI (1982 - 2014), VIP (1989 - 2014), and Cochrane Library (1999 - 2014). According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and retrieval strategies, we extracted the data, evaluated the quality of the included literature, and performed meta-analysis using the Meta-Disc 1.4 software.

RESULTSTotally, 64 articles were identified, of which 52 were excluded and 12 included with 1 430 cases of prostate cancer and 2 159 normal or BPH controls. There was heterogeneity among the included studies. Based on the random effect model, in predicting the results of prostate biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, serum PHI exhibited a pooled sensitivity of 55.1% (95% CI: 0.525 - 0.577), a pooled specificity of 71.5% (95% CI: 0.695 - 0.734), a positive likelihood ratio (P-LR) of 2.379 (95% CI: 1.922 - 2.943), a negative likelihood ratio (N-LR) of 0.515 (95% CI: 0.428 - 0.619), a diagnosis odds ratio (DOR) of 5.268 (95% CI: 3.870 - 7.170), a summary receiver operating characteristic curve--area under the curve (SROC AUC) of 0.7578, and a Q * index of 0.6999.

CONCLUSIONSerum PHI plays a role of auxiliary diagnosis in detecting prostate cancer and can be used in the prediction of the results of prostate biopsy.

Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Animals ; Beryllium ; toxicity ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Lung ; cytology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley