Posterior pilon fracture is a special and unique type of ankle fracture,and its injury mechanism and treatment principles are different from those of the trimalleolar fracture in the Lauge-Hansen classification,and also different from those described for the classic pilon fracture.The fractures have a low incidence and generally poor prognosis.The prevalence of posterior pilon fractures is 6.4％ of all trimalleolar fractures,and 5.6％ of all pilon fractures based on computed tomography images.The pathological features of posterior pilon fractures are different from those of the traditional ankle fracture and the classic pilon fracture,and it is very important to differentiate a posterior pilon fracture from the others.Because of the low incidence and high variation in fracture morphology,there is controversy over the practicable classification of posterior pilon fractures based on clinical features,such as injury mechanism,fracture classification and surgical approach.An ideal fracture classification system can reveal the injury mechanism and severity,guide the treatment,and predict prognosis.At present,no classification method is based on the injury mechanism,and none can summarize fracture morphology and guide treatment.The purpose of this study was to review the injury mechanism,clinical characteristics,classifications,treatments,and outcomes of posterior pilon fractures,to promote surgeons’ understanding of posterior pilon fracture and reduce perioperative complication.

This article was aimed to study the factors associated with sleep quality of anger-out and anger-in population based on the frequent pattern-tree (FP-Tree) growing algorithm with data mining. The algorithm of structuring frequent model FP-tree and mining frequent itemsets were designed. The database information scanned was recorded by using FP-Tree growing algorithm through state-trees. The frequent itemsets met minimum support required was generated through reducing the search space of project sets and scanning database only one. The data mining of all factors associated with emotional diseases was actualized. The results showed that factors associated with sleep quality of anger-out and anger-in population were disturbance in respiration, cough or snoring, feeling cold, hot or nightmares. The total time for program analysis was 2 seconds. It was concluded that data mining algorithm based on FP-Tree frequent itemsets can effectively realize the useful information receiving from factors associated with emotional diseases.

Using isoeugenol as the sole carbon source,a novel strain,producing high amounts of vanillin from isoeugenol,was isolated from soil.According to the physiological and biochemical characteristics and its 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis,it was identified as Bacillus fusiformis.The initial results showed that 4.20 g/L vanillin was obtained by bioconversion of 2% isoeugenol with Bacillus fusiformis.

BACKGROUND:There is controversial on which method is preferred for the treatment of humeral shaft fractures, plate or intramedul ary nail fixation? Some studies have compared the effect of those two methods, but the results are different. While the results of the systematic research and the Meta-analysis on the comparative studies is also different due to the differences in the number and the extraction of the researches.
OBJECTIVE:To systematical y evaluate the efficacy of plating versus intramedul ary nail fixation in the treatment of adult humeral shaft fracture.
METHODS:A computer-based retrieve was conducted in PubMed database, MEDLINE database, Cumulative Index to Nursing&Al ied Health Literature, Evidence-Based Medicine database, CBM database, Wanfang database and CNKI database for the randomized or quasi-randomized control ed trials on the comparison of plating and intramedul ary nail fixation in the treatment of adult humeral shaft fracture. The quality of these trials was critical y assessed according to Jadad. The effective data were extracted for Meta-analysis by Stata 12.0 software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y, 15 randomized or quasi-randomized control ed trials were col ected including four quasi-randomized control ed trials and 11 randomized control ed trials. The results showed that intramedul ary nail fixation may increase the risk of complications (odds ratio=0.37(0.19, 0.59), P=0.00). Bias Egger’s test of P=0.91 showed there was no significant publication bias. The risk of re-operation of intramedul ary nail fixation was increased (odds ratio=0.28(0.14, 0.57), P=0.00) with the Egger’s test of P=0.69. The incidence of shoulder impingement of intramedul ary nail fixation was significantly higher than that of pate fixation (odds ratio=0.13(0.05, 0.35), P=0.00), and there were no significant differences in postoperative infection, nonunion, implant failure, iatrogenic nerve palsy, operation time and bone union time between two methods. The results showed that compared with plate fixation, intramedul ary nail fixation may increase the incidence of shoulder impingement, complications and re-operation, while there were significant differences in postoperative infection, nonunion, implant failure, iatrogenic nerve palsy, operation time and bone union time between two methods.

The total cDNA obtained through reverse transcription of F. oxysporum CGMCC 0536 mRNA used as template, a fragment about 1.5kb was amplied with oligo(dT)15 primer and a gene specific primer designed on the base of the sequence of both NH2-terminus and the cDNA sequence encoding D-lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum reported on the NCBI, then the fragment was cloned to the pMD18-T vector and sequenced. The sequence encoding D-lactonohydrolase of F. moniliforme CGMCC 0536 shows a high homology of 90.06% with that of F. oxysporum indicating that the gene encoding D-lactonohydrolase is highly conservative. Two specific primers were designed according to the sequence result, and a fragment, 1146bp, was amplied using hot start PCR with these two specific primers. Subsequently, the resulting products were digested with EcoR I and Sal I and ligated to the pTrc99a vector digested with the same enzymes using T4 DNA ligase. the recombinant plasmid, pTrc99a-LAC, was transformed into Escherichia coli JM109. The two positive clones were induced with IPTG, and enzymes expressed in Escherichia coli JM109, the enzyme activity was about 37U and 41U respectively. The expression products were analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicating that about 40kD protein was obtained.
Base Sequence ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fungal Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fusarium ; enzymology ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data

OBJECTIVETo explore effects of Shenqi preparation,Traditional Chinese Medicine, on anti-fatigue and anti-oxidant functions.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty mice were randomly divided into control group and 3 experimental groups. The high, medium and low-dose of Shenqi preparation were given to the 3 experimental groups respectively, while distilled water to the control group for 15 d. The loaded swimming time, the level of lactate, serum urea nitrogen (SUN), muscle and liver glycogen, liver super-oxide dismutase (SOD), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were assayed.

RESULTSThe loaded swimming test showed that the exhausted swimming time of 3 experimental groups [(296.0 +/- 25.3)s, (437.0 ĝ 38.9)s, (595.0 +/- 53.9)s respectively] was longer than that of control group [(231.0 +/- 22.5)s, P < 0.05, P < 0.01]. The liver glycogen content of the high and medium-dose experimental groups were higher than that of control group respectively (P < 0.01). The SUN content of each experimental group was less than that of the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Moreover,in the medium and high dose experimental groups, less accumulation of lactate was found (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the content of liver SOD and GSH-Px was higher (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The content of liver MDA in high-dose experimental group was less than that of the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONShenqi preparation, especially the high and medium-dose experimental groups, is able to improve exercise tolerance and has anti-fatigue and anti-oxidant effects in mice.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fatigue ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Glycogen ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Western World

Dementia,with a poor outcome,is a syndrome characterized by persistent impairment in cognitive function or behavioral abnormalities as evidenced by deficits in memory,attention,language,and motor activity.Hip fractures represent a widespread morbidity among the geriatric population,and fall is the main cause of osteoporotic fracture.The mortality after hip fracture reaches from 20％ to 40％ within one year after operation.Co-occurrence of dementia and hip fracture is a common challenge for orthopedic surgeons and other clinicians involved in hip fracture care.Until recently,dementia in patients with hip fracture has been an issue that has received scant recognition compared with conditions considered to represent a more immediate threat to life,such as cardiopulmonary and thromboembolic diseases.This article reviews the current issues and available evidence concerning dementia in patients with hip fracture.

Objective To explore whether polymorphisms in non-coding RNA has potential as biomarkers for predicting the risk of kidney transplantation rejection.Methods A total of 79 patients who had received kidney transplants were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and divided into the rejection group (n =26) and non-rejection group (n =53).Four polymorphisms in miRNA and 8 polymorphisms in lncRNA were detected by MALDI-TOF-MS.Results When compared with the wild genotype,the mutation genotype in miR-27a rs895819 and lnc-LRFN2-2 rs61516247 had 11.72 and 4.87 folds increased risk of kidney transplantation rejection (P =0.046,OR=1.04-131.74 and P =0.047,95％ CI =1.02-23.21,respectively).The other three polymorphisms in miRNA and 7 polymorphisms in lncRNA showed no significant associations with transplantation rejection risk (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The miR-27a rs895819 and lnc-LRFN2-2 rs61516247 polymorphisms were associated with the risk of kidney transplantation rejection.

A strain Actinobacillus succinogenes CGMCC 1593 was selected as the parent strain.After UV-EMS and UV-DES treatments respectively,seven mutated strains with subtle improvements in acid tol-erance were obtained,and were subjected for recursive protoplast fusion.Through three rounds of genome shuffling,four shuffled strains with both higher yield and acid tolerance were obtained.The shuffled strain namely F3-21 could even survive at pH 5.2.The comparison of the shuffled strains and the parent strain for succinic acid production was also studied here.After 48 h of shake-flask fermentation,the succinic acid concentration of F3-21 was 48% higher than that of the parent strain.When F3-21 was carried out in a 5 liter stirred bioreactor with pH controlled 5.6~6.0,the accumulation of succinic acid in 48 h fermentation attained 38.1 g/L,which was increased by 45% compared with that of the parent strain(26.2 g/L).While pH was controlled at 6.5~7.0,the production of succinic acid in 32 h fermentation attained 40.7 g/L.When F3-21 was carried out in fed-batch fermentation,succinic acid concentration of 67.4 g/L was reached in 72 h fer-mentation.These results indicated that the genome shuffling could improve the acid tolerance and the suc-cinic acid production of A.succinogenes CGMCC 1593.