Objective To synthesize 4 kinds of 111 In?TPP cations and evaluate their properties as tumor cationic radiotracers in vivo and in vitro. Methods DO3A?xy?TPP, DO3A?xy?mTPP, DO3A?xy?dmTPP and DO3A?xy?tmTPP were radiolabeled with 111 In;their lipid?water partition coefficients and in vivo and in vitro stability were evaluated. The binding affinities of 4 kinds of 111 In?radiotracers were determined in cell uptake and cell efflux assay using U87MG tumor cells. Biodistribution studies and γ imaging studies were performed using the athymic nude mice bearing U87MG human glioma xenografts to explore the biologi?cal properties of 4 kinds of 111 In?radiotracers. One?way analysis of variance was used. Results The labeling yields of 4 kinds of 111 In?radiotracers were all above 85%, and the radiochemical purity were all greater than 99% after purification. Binding assay in U87MG cells showed that 4 kinds of radiotracers had great binding affinity and cell retention ability, and 111In?DO3A?xy?mTPP had the best binding ratio (1?49%;F=177.8, P<0.05) . Gamma imaging and biodistribution results showed that the U87MG tumors could be clearly visualized by 111In?DO3A?xy?mTPP, 111In?DO3A?xy?dmTPP and 111In?DO3A?xy?tmTPP, and the liver uptake of the 3 tracers was lower than that of 111In?DO3A?xy?TPP. In particular, 111In?DO3A?xy?mTPP had the best tumor/liver ratio (0.13±0.05, 2 h postinjection;F=9.4, P<0?05). Conclusions The tumor?targeted ability of 111In?DO3A?xy?mTPP is better than those of 111In?DO3A?xy?dmTPP, 111In?DO3A?xy?tmTPP and 111In?DO3A?xy?TPP, suggesting that it has the potential to be a promising tumor cationic radiotracer.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of the modified Kock method of bladder re- construction with ileum,and to provide the objective basis for wide application of this technique.Methods A total of 51 patients with bladder cancer(T_2N_0M_0 stage tumor in 37 cases,T_3N_0M_0 stage tumor in 14; and pathologic gradeⅡ-Ⅲin all)were included.After radical cystectomy,modified Kock reconstruction of bladder with ileum was performed in them.The procedure consisted of preparing the segment of the ileum for reconstruction of the reservoir,anastomosing the low part of the neobladder with the urethra and regaining the original urinary conduit.Results The mean operative time was 6.5h(range,5.5-8.5h);mean in- traoperative blood loss was 650ml(range,300-1200ml),with blood transfusion in 31 cases.Perioperative complications included stress ulcer in 6 cases and urinary leakage in 1.The other 44 cases had no severe complications.Four cases died of cancer metastasis at 6-18 months after operation.During a follow-up of 8 -32 months,the other 47 cases recovered well and have been alive till now.Two cases had ureteral urine reflux with no impairment of renal function.The daytime urinary continent rate was 100%;and nocturnal uri- nary incontinence occurred in 6 cases.Conclusions The modified Koek reconstruction of bladder with il- eum can improve the patients'quality of life with fewer complications,therefore is a better treatment choice for infiltrative bladder cancer after radical eystectomy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of Shh and its receptors Ptc1 and Ptc2 mRNA in the cap stage of mouse molar and discuss its role in early tooth morphogenesis.

METHODSThe embryonic mouse heads of early tooth development (E10.5 - E15.5) were obtained and 5 micro m serial sections were made. Immunohistochemical staining of PCNA was carried out by SP method. The expression pattern of Shh, Ptc1, and Ptc2 mRNA was analysed by in situ hybridization.

RESULTSE14.5, outer dental epithelium, inner dental epithelium, stellate reticulum and underlying dental mesenchyme were PCNA positive. Most of the enamel knot cells were PCNA negative. A few of the enamel knot cells were PCNA positive. Shh, Ptc1, and Ptc2 mRNA were strongly expressed in outer dental epithelium, inner dental epithelium, stellate reticulum and the enamel knot.

CONCLUSIONIn the cap stage, Shh as a paracrine and autocrine signaling molecule might stimulate epithelium and mesenchyme proliferation.

Animals ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Mice ; Molar ; metabolism ; Patched Receptors ; Patched-1 Receptor ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tooth Germ ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Trans-Activators ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of integrin in hypertrophic scar.

METHODSFibroblasts from 10 samples of human hypertrophic scars was cultured, FQ-PCR assay was applied to detect mRNA expression of alpha-SMA in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts after integrin and FAK antibody blocking.

RESULTSmRNA of alpha-SMA in fibroblasts expressed obviously lower after integrin and FAK antibody blocking than that of control groups ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThrough accelerating the synthesis of alpha-SMA, integrin and FAK play an important role in contracture of hypertrophic scar.

Actins ; biosynthesis ; Adult ; Cells, Cultured ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Contracture ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 ; biosynthesis ; Humans ; Integrins ; biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Young Adult

The incidence of hyperuricemia increases year by year. Hyperuricemia is associated with gout, cardio-vascular disease, metabolic syndrome, etc. The metabolic pathway of uric acid is similar in human and avian species. Ex-perimental or spontaneous hyperuricemia is commonly happened in avian. So that avian species have been used in biological or medicinal research increasingly. In this article, we reviewed the literature of avian hyperuricemia and experimental stud-ies over the last 30 years, and to elucidate the characteristics and mechanisms of avian hyperuricemia models.

Objective Multimeric cyclic RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptides are capable of improving the integrin αvβ3-binding affinity due to the polyvalence effect.In this study,the authors prepare 99Tcm-la-bearing cyclic RGD tetramer E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2,and evaluate its biodistribution and imaging in nude mice beating U87 MG human glioma xenografts with integrinαvβ3-positive.Methods 99Tcm-hydrazino-nictinamide (HYNIC)-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was prepared by two-step method,while HYNIC wag chosen as bifunctional chelator,and tricine and trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3,3-trisuifonate (TPPTS) as coligands.The af-finity of c (RGDyK) monomer,HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2 dimer and HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 tetramer to integrin αvβ3 was compared by in vitro competitive assay against binding of 125I-c(RGDyK)to integrin αvβ3.positive U87 MG human glioma cells.The biodistribution [the percentage of injection dose per gram of tissue(%ID/g)] and imaging were performed in nude mice bearing UB7MG human glioma xenografts.Re-suits The labeling yield of 99Tcm-HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)2}2 was over 95%,and the radiochemical purity was more than 99%after purification with Sop-Pak C18 cartridge.The 50%inhibiting concentration (IC30) val-ues of c(RGDyk),HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2 and HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 were 85.9,9.5 and 4.5 nmol/L, respectively.The result indicated that RGD tetramer possessed a significantly higher affinity to in-tegrinαvβ3.The biodistribution data showed that 99Tcm-HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was excreted mainly through kidneys.The tumor uptake of 99Tcm-HYNIC-E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was two times higher than 99Tcm- HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2,at 1h postinjection,with the uptake of(10.32±0.07)%ID/g and(5.15±0.52)%ID/g,respectively,which was consistent with the in vitro competitive binding data.The tumor up-tale of 99Tcm-HYNIC.E{E[c(RGDfK)]2}2 was still as higher as(9.35±1.35)%ID/g at 4 h postinjec-tion, which demonstrated that the retention time of radiotracer in tumor was long enough.The imaging showed that tumor was clearly visualized at 1h postinjection,and the image at 4 h postinjection Was better.Conclusion The higher tumor uptake and longer retention time in tumor make 99Tem-HYNIC-E{E[c(RG-DfK)J 2}2 a promising radiotracer for integrinαvβ3-positive tumors imaging,furthermore,suggest that radi-onuelides(such as 90Y).1abeled RGD tetramer is more suitable for the therapy of integrin αvβ3-positive tumors.

Background Apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is an important enzyme in the repair of reactive oxygen species-induced DNA damage,and its expression/activation can be induced by reactive oxygen species.The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between multiple-organ injuries and expression of Ref-1 in the early period after liver transplantation.Methods One hundred and fifty adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups:liver transplantation,sham surgery,and untreated control.After liver transplantation,animals were sacrificed at different time points.Hepatic and renal functions were analyzed by serology.Histology,apoptotic levels,and Ref-1 expression were examined by immunohistochemistry in the liver,kidneys,intestines,and lungs.Results Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase peaked 6 hours after liver transplantation and decreased appreciably after 12 hours in the transplantation group,suggesting that the degree of liver injury in the early period after transplantation peaked at 6 hours and then decreased.Pathological analyses showed that hepatic tissues were more severely injured in the transplantation group than in the sham and untreated groups.A considerable number of infiltrating inflammatory cells was observed around the portal vein in the transplantation group.Injuries to the kidneys,intestines,and lungs were milder after liver transplantation.Apoptotic levels increased after liver transplantation in all four organs examined.Ref-1 expression was higher in the transplantation group in the early period after liver transplantation than in the sham surgery and untreated control groups.Conclusion Ref-1 expression induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury may have a critical role in repairing multiple-organ injuries after liver transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of curcumin (Cur) on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2 and its mechanism.

METHODThe effect of curcumin on radiosensitivity was determined by the clone formation assay. The cell survival curve was fitted by Graph prism 6. 0. The changes in cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The differential expression of long non-coding RNA was detected by gene chip technology. Part of differentially expressed genes was verified by Real-time PCR.

RESULTAfter 10 micro mol L-1 Cur had worked for 24 h, its sensitization enhancement ratio was 1. 03, indicating that low concentration of curcumin could increase the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells; FCM displayed a significant increase of G2 phase cells and significant decrease of S phase cells in the Cur combined radiation group. In the Cur group, the GUCY2GP, H2BFXP, LINC00623 IncRNA were significantly up-regulated and ZRANB2-AS2 LOC100506835, FLJ36000 IncRNA were significantly down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONCur has radiosensitizing effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Its mechanism may be related to the changes in the cell cycle distribution and the expression of long non-coding IncRNA.

Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo establish a simple and rapid method to detect Streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus simultaneously in human saliva.

METHODSChromosomal DNA from the bacteria was obtained by the extraction method with phenol-chloroform. A nested PCR method with two sets of primers specific for portions of the glucosyltransferase genes (gtfB of S. mutans and gtfI of S. sobrinus), was optimized to detect S. mutans and S. sobrinus from standard strains, clinical strains and directly in human saliva.

RESULTSThe first process of nested PCR was capable of amplifying DNA fragments specific for these species from chromosomal DNA extracted from 10(5) CFU cells of standard and clinical strains, or from 1 ml clinical saliva samples containing 10(5) CFU cells of either species. a second process of nested PCR, using the first PCR product as a template with new internal primers to detect 10(3) CFU of either streptococcal species in 1ml saliva samples.

CONCLUSIONNested PCR could detect S. mutans and S. sobrinus rapidly and simply in human saliva. This finding would be important to studies of elucidation the role of these two streptococcal species in the etiology of dental caries.

Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Saliva ; microbiology ; Streptococcus mutans ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Streptococcus sobrinus ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of L.F04, the active fraction of Lycopus lucidus, on erythrocytes rheological property so as to investigate its mechanism in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

METHODThe effects of L.F04 (used for treatment for 10 days in different dosages) on deformability, aggregation and membrane liquidity of erythrocytes (MLE) as well as whole blood apparent viscosity (eta(b)) were examined on the basis of rat model of blood-stasis syndrome induced by venous injection of high molecular weight dextran.

RESULTAs compared with the normal control group, the model group's RBC deformability and MLE were lower, and the aggregation of erythrocytes and eta(b) were higher. Compared with the model group, both L.F04 0.612 g/kg and 0.306 g/kg showed significant effect in improving deformability and inhibiting aggregation of red blood cells (RBC) and reducing blood viscosity. The trend of improving MLE was also shown.

CONCLUSIONL.F04 could significantly improve the abnormal rheological property of erythrocytes.

Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Dextrans ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Erythrocyte Aggregation ; drug effects ; Erythrocyte Deformability ; drug effects ; Hemorheology ; Hemostasis ; drug effects ; Lycopus ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Space Flight