Objective To clarify the frequency, the routes of transmission from mother to infant, the correlation factors and distribution of genotypes of transfusion transmitted virus (TTV) infection. Methods Nested polymerase chain reaction (n PCR) was performed to detect TTV DNA and genotypes in serums and breast milks from 160 cases of pregnant women. Results TTV DNA in serum and breast milk was detected in 64 (40 0%) and 60 (37 5%) of 160 cases of pregnant women respectively. The positive rates of TTV DNA from HBV markers (+) and normal groups were 50 0%, 43 1% and 13 6%, 22 7% respectively in serums and breast milk. There were significant difference between the two groups ( P

Objective: To evaluate the impact of loss of a spouse on self-rated health among middle-aged and elderly populations in China, so as to provide insights into health promotion among middle-aged and elderly populations with loss of a spouse. Methods: Based the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database, married and separated individuals or individuals with loss of a spouse at ages of 45 years and older and with monthly household consumption of no less than 100 yuan were enrolled. Subjects' age, gender, educational levels, marital status, monthly household consumption, number of chronic diseases and self-rated health were collected. Subjects were classified according to loss of a spouse, and the impact of loss of a spouse on self-rated health was evaluated among middle-aged and elderly populations using propensity score matching (PSM). In addition, heterogeneity test was performed to evaluate the gender- and educational level-stratified impacts. Results: Totally 3 272 valid subjects were enrolled, including 1 618 men (49.45%) and 1 654 women (50.55%), and there were 512 subjects with loss of a spouse (15.65%). There were 656 subjects with very good self-rated health (20.05%), 622 with good health (19.01%), 1 534 with fair health (46.88%), 376 with poor health (11.49%) and 84 with very poor health (2.57%). There were 3 152 couples with successful nearest neighbor matching, and there was no significant difference between the subjects with and without loss of a spouse after adjustment for variables (P>0.05), while the overall fitting degree of the model was good following matching. PSM showed that the self-rated health became poor following loss of a spouse among middle-aged and elderly populations, with average treatment effect (ATT) of 0.055 to 0.061, and a remarkably negative effect of loss of a spouse on self-rated health was seen in women, with ATT of 0.192 to 0.223, while no remarkable effect was seen in men. Loss of a spouse showed a remarkably negative effect on self-rated health among individuals receiving junior and senior high educations, with ATT of 0.048 to 0.057, but presented no remarkable effect on self-rated health among individuals receiving primary educations. Conclusions Loss of a spouse presents a negative effect on self-rated health among middle-aged and elderly populations, and remarkably negative effects are seen among women and individuals receiving high educational levels.

Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngitis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged

Alprostadil ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology

Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods

Calcium Pyrophosphate ; metabolism ; Cartilage, Articular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chondrocalcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gout ; pathology ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; etiology ; pathology ; Radiography

Animals ; Arthritis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans

There is immense interest in the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LC-PUFAs) on account of their health-beneficial properties.There has been considerable interest in the production of LC-PUFAs in transgenic plants to provide a cheap,sustainable and clean source of these fatty acids.Several main LC-PUFAs,their roles and metabolic pathway in plant are introducedbriefly,progresses on biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs in transgenic plant are reviewed,and strategies for improving the yields of LC-PUFAs in plant are also discussed.

Many unusual fatty acids present in the seed oils of non-food plants are modified at the ?12 position either by the addition of epoxy or hydroxy groups or by the formation of triple (acetylenic) bonds or conjugated double bonds. The introduction of these functionalities into C18 fatty acids is catalyzed by a family of divergent forms of the fatty-acid ?12-desaturase (FAD2) enzyme. Genes encoding these enzymes have now been cloned from a variety of organisms and expressed in transgenic oilseeds. However,the accumulation of the intended fatty acids in transgenic plants has been relatively disappointing,and the mechanisms of these unusual fatty acids biosynthesis and transferring from phosphatidylcholine into storage triacylglycerols still need to be elucidated.

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of brain-type hemodialysis disequilibrium syndrome(DDS) in dogs with acute renal failure. Methods Seventy-two hours after bilateral ureteral ligation,12 uremic dogs were hemodialyzed for 2 hours,yeilding decreases in plasma urea from (66. 76?13.70) mmol/L to (17. 85?5. 84)mmol/L( P