The RB1 gene is the first tumor suppressor gene identified whose mutational inactivation is the cause of a human cancer,the pediatric cancer retinoblastoma.As a negative regulator of the cell cycle,RB1 gene could regulate the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation through binding to transcription factor E2F.A-mong these,RB1 has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis.RB1 knockdown has been shown to enhance the sensitivity to cell death induced by different anticancer agents.RB1 dual role in proliferation and apoptosis un-derlies malignant tumor occurrence,development and resistance totherapy.

[Objective] Analyze the academic thought ofpurge stomach and tonify spleentreatment used by Professor SUN Zhi in acupuncture on type-2 diabetes mellitus during his clinical experience.[Method] According to new recognition of type-2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis, study of acupuncture theory, clinical manipulation, conclude acupuncture point choices and needling methods ofpurge stomach and tonify spleentreatment, studying its characteristics. [Result] Type-2 diabetes mellitus belonging toXiaokecategory which features excessive discharge of urine and persistent thirst in Chinese medicine, but their pathogenesis is not the same, Professor SUN Zhi based on years of clinical observation found that patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus commonly manifested obese, polyorexia and accompanied by fatigue, summarized asstrong stomach and weak spleen. Tonify the deficiency and purge sthenia, using acupuncture manipulation, regulating spleen and stomach function, by reducing method of acupuncture Zhongwan, Zusanli and Neiting to inhibt stomach and control appetite, reinforcing method of acupuncture Sanyinjiao, Taibai, Pishu to enhance the transport of the spleen, meaning purging stomach and tonifying spleen. This treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus in clinic achieved good results. [Conclusion]Purge stomach and tonify spleentreatment offers a new way of acupuncture to treat diabetes, deserving further exploration, popularization and application.

Cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)is an inducible enzyme that regulates prostaglandin synthesis and is overexpressed at sites of inflammation and in several epithelial cancers.Data indicate that COX-2 is involved in the regulation of apoptosis,angiogenesis,and immune response.The biological function of COX-2 appears to be associated with tumorigenesis.Recently, multiple studies have shown that COX-2 plays a critical role not only in maintenance of the endometrium during the menstrual cycle,but also in the progression of endometrial cancer.This review outlines the status of COX-2 expression and its association with clinicopathologic features and clinical outcome in endometrial cancer.

Objective To explore early prognostic value of quantitative detection of paraquat (PQ) plasma concentration and urine sodium dithionite assay for prognosis in patients with acute PQ poisoning. Methods A prospective study was conducted. The patients with acute PQ poisoning admitted to Department of Emergency of First Hospital of China Medical University from August 2013 to December 2015 were enrolled. At admission, blood samples and urine samples were collected. The PQ plasma concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the PQ urine concentration was determined by sodium dithionite, meanwhile the biochemical parameters were determined to carry out sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. According to the prognosis of 90-day follow-up, the patients were divided into survival group and death group. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the prognosis and the indexes, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the prognosis. Results There were 148 patients with acute PQ poisoning, with 43 alive and 105 dead, and the 90-day mortality rate was 70.9%. The ingestion volume (mL: 22.69±18.57 vs. 9.91±4.61), plasma concentration of PQ (mg/L: 2.28±1.52 vs. 0.91±0.38) and positive rate of urine sodium dithionite (87.6% vs. 14.0%) in death group were significantly higher than those of survived group (all P < 0.01), but no significant differences in gender, age, poisoning time, gastric lavage time between the two groups were found. Significant differences in white blood cell count [WBC (×109/L): 13.45±6.12 vs. 23.03±7.67] and blood lactate [Lac (mmol/L): 1.50±0.45 vs. 8.10±4.51] between survival group and death group were found (both P < 0.01), while no significant difference in SOFA score was found (0.98±0.72 vs. 1.34±1.29, P > 0.05). It was shown by logistic regression analysis that the key factors affecting the prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning were urine sodium dithionite assay [odds ratio (OR) = 8.731, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.828-26.954, P = 0.000], PQ plasma concentration (OR = 2.082, 95%CI = 1.204-3.603, P = 0.009) and ingestion volume (OR = 1.175, 95%CI = 1.048-1.318, P = 0.006) respectively. It was shown by ROC curve that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of plasma PQ concentration, urine sodium dithionite assay, poisoning dose and SOFA score for predicting the prognosis in patients with acute PQ poisoning was 0.866, 0.857, 0.826, and 0.631 respectively (all P < 0.05). The sensitivity of urine sodium dithionite assay for predicting the prognosis was 87.6%, and the specificity was 83.7%. Conclusions Early plasma PQ concentrations can objectively reflect the body absorbed toxicant doses and actual situation after poisoning, and help to judge the early evaluation of prognosis. The accuracy of urine sodium dithionite assay in judging the prognosis of PQ poisoning is high. Because of its simplicity and availability, it was easier to be performed in the primary hospital.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Forensic Ballistics ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Paint ; Pressure ; Young Adult

Objective To research a more economical and convenient test way, which uses excimer laser therapeutic apparatus eye-test of Allegretto Wave Eye-Q. Methods In testing, a film of transparent and fit thickness was coved on original test-chip to exam. Results Test paper can be reused and determines clearly of all cases. Conclusion The modified method not only raises efficiency and reduces cost, but also saves test specimen with easy operation.

The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (SMB) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the action mechanism were investigated. Normal Wistar-kyoto (WKY) rats were used as negative control, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly assigned to receive placebo or SMB. SMB (1 g/kg.d) was injected intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. HE, VG and immunohistochemical staining combined with computed morphometry were employed to evaluate the cardiomyocyte size, diameter, the collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular circumferential area (PVCA), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression in the left ventricular tissue. The results showed, as compared with WKY rats, the SBP, LVMI, cardiomyocyte size, diameter, CVF, PCVA, and TNF-alpha expression were increased markedly in the 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. SMB decreased LVMI (P<0.01), size of cardiomyocytes (P<0.01), collagen volume fraction (P<0.01), perivascular circumferential area (P<0.01), and TNF-alpha expression (P<0.01), but had no effect on SBP (P>0.05). It was suggested that chronic administration of SMB could inhibit and reverse the development of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats independent of BP. TNF-alpha may be involved in the reversal mechanism of LVH by SMB.

Leydig cells are the major source of androgens in males. Stem cells can be induced to differentiate into androgen-secreting Leydig like cells, whose functions are regulated by the hypothalamus and pituitary, so that they precisely secret the necessary hormones to maintain physiological function. Therefore, the establishment of an effective protocol to induce the differentiation of stem cells into androgen-secreting cells is very helpful for the treatment of hypogonadism caused by abnormalities of Leydig cells. This review outlines the recent findings concerning the differentiation of stem cells into androgen-secreting cells.
Androgens ; secretion ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; therapy ; Hypothalamus ; physiology ; Male ; Pituitary Gland ; physiology ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; secretion

Objective: To observe the 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion images in patients with myocardial infarction before/after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), so as to screen for the reliable predictors for the therapeutic effect of PCI. Methods: Forty-eight patients with myocardial infarction receiving PCI were included in this study. The rest, stress and nitroglycerin myocardial perfusion imaging tests were performed before PCI. The stress and rest myocardial perfusion imaging tests were repeated 1-2 weeks after PCI. The value of (rest 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores after PCI-stress 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI)/stress 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI was taken as the curative effect of PCI; the value of(rest 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI-stress 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI)/stress 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI was taken as the functional viable myocardium; the value of (stress 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI-nitroglycer 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI)/stress 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI was taken as potential functional viable myocardium; and the value of(rest 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI-nitroglycer 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI)/rest 99mTc-MIBI imaging in myocardial perfusion scores before PCI was taken as drug relative viable myocardium. To screen the proper predictors for therapeutic effects, linear correlation analysis was performed between the curative effect of PCI and the latter 3 factors. Results: Stress and rest myocardial perfusion defects were significantly improved after PCI (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the curative effect of PCI was correlated with the latter 3 factors, with the correlation coefficients being r1=0.63, P<0.01, r2=0.94, P<0.000 1,and r3=0.92, P<0.000 1, respectively,indicating that the potential functional viable myocardium had the best correlationship with PCI. Conclusion: It is necessary to perform the rest, stress and nitroglycerin myocardial perfusion imaging tests in patients with cardiac infarction. The functional viable myocardium is a reliable index in screening the patients suitable for PCI and in predication of the therapeutic effect.

Objective: To investigate the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-related protein (MRP), lung resistance-related protein (LRP), P53 and c-erbB-2 in untreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their relationship with each other. Methods: The expression of P-gp, MRP, LRP, P53 and c-erbB-2 was detected in the carcinoma tissues of 78 NSCLC patients and 15 adjacent normal lung tissues (5 cm apart from tumors) by means of immunohistochemistry. Results: The positive rates of P-gp, MRP, LRP, P53 and c-erbB-2 in tumor tissues were 65.4%, 39.7%, 56.4%, 53.8% and 43.6%, respectively, all significantly higher than those in normal tissues(P<0.05). There was also significant difference in MRP and LRP expression between different pathologic types of NSCLC(squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma) (P=0.008 and <0.001, respectively). Expression of LRP and P53 was also significantly different between different degrees of pathological differentiation (well, moderate, poor) (P=0.025 and 0.026, respectively). The expression of c-erbB-2 was correlated with those of P-gp, MRP, LRP and P53 (Spearman R=0.317, 0.401, 0.519 and 0.341, respectively; P=0.005, < 0.001, <0.001 and =0.002, respectively); the expression of P53 was correlated with that of MRP (Spearman R=0.260, P= 0.022); and the expression of LRP was correlated with that of MRP (Spearman R=0.371, P=0.001). Conclusion: Overexpression of P-gp, MRP, LRP, P53 and c-erbB-2 may play a cooperative role in the drug resistance and development of NSCLC.