Pharmacognostic studies on the sollrce, shape, morphology, microscopic structrue and physico-chemical properties of the genitalia of mink were carried out in comparison with those of deer,donkey and dog with similar pharmacologic actions. Results showed that the genitalia of mink has its specific features in shape,mi croscopic structure and physico-chemical properties which can be used as the main characteristics to distin guish it from those of other animals. Chemical analysis showed that the genitalia of mink was rich in aminoacids and its zinc,manganese and calcium contents exceeded those present in the genitalia of other ani mals

Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of respiratory pathogens in patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Lianyungang.Methods:A total of 612 patients admitted to the second people′s Hospital of Lianyungang City because of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in 2019 were selected as subjects. Sputum or pharyngeal swabs were collected to extract nucleic acids, and 13-fold nucleic acids of respiratory pathogens were detected by PCR capillary electrophoresis fragment analysis. SPSS statistical software and GraphPad5.0 statistical mapping software were used for statistical analysis.Results:The physical examination rate of respiratory pathogens in the adult group was 82.0% in winter, 48.4% in spring, 28.0% in autumn, 20.0% in summer, χ 2=38.473, P=0.000. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection was significantly different in different seasons, among which the physical examination rate of respiratory pathogens in winter was the highest. The physical examination rate of respiratory pathogens in the juvenile group was 86.0% in spring, 76.2% in winter, 71.3% in summer and 66.7% in autumn, χ 2=7.946, P=0.047 . The positive rate of nucleic acid detection was calculated according to gender grouping. The comparison of nucleic acid positive rate between adult group and juvenile group in different seasons: 86.0% vs 48.4% in spring, χ 2=19.436, P=0.000; 71.3% vs 20.0% in summer, χ 2=22.180, P=0.000; 66.7% vs 28.0% in autumn, χ 2=13.485, P=0.000; 76.2% vs 82.0% in winter, χ 2=0.758, P=0.384. Except in winter, the detection rate of nucleic acid of pathogens in the juvenile group was significantly higher than that in the adult group. Conclusions:The nucleic acid detection rate and etiological distribution characteristics of respiratory pathogens are different in patients with community-acquired pneumonia in different seasons and different age groups. 13 kinds of multiple detection methods of respiratory pathogens can provide favorable laboratory data support for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical CAP patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of heparanase (Hpa) in serum and tissue of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its clinical significance.Methods Immunohistochemical method (SP) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the expression of Hpa protein in serum and tissues of 38 cases of PTC,37 cases of patients with benign thyroid nodules,and 30 normal controls.Results Expression of Hpa in PTC was higher than that of benign thyroid nodules (P＜0.01).Expression of Hpa in lymph node metastasis group was higher than that in group without lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the content of serum Hpa in patients with benign thyroid nodules had no significant difference (P＞0.05).Hpa content in serum of patients with PTC was higher than that of benign thyroid nodules group and the normal control group (P＜0.01).There was no statistically significant difference of the level of serum Hpa between groups with and without lymph node metastasis.Conclusions Detecting tissue and preoperative serum Hpa concentration is valuable for diagnosis of PTC.Hpa detection in tissues can be used to determine whether there was lymph node metastasis in PTC patients,while Hpa detection in preoperative serum can not judge whether there is lymph node metastasis.

Objective To study the relationship between heparanase( Hpa) , urokinase type plasminogen activator( uPA) expression and lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemieal SP method was used to analyze the expression of Hpa and uPA in 113 cases of thyroid carcinoma and 134 cases of be-nign thyroid nodules.The expression of Hpa and uPA in thyroid carcinoma and its clinical significance were ana-lyzed.Results The positive expression rate of Hpa and uPA in thyroid carcinoma and benign nodular thyroid tis-sue were 82.30%,16.42%and 89.38%, 11.19%.The positive expression rate of Hpa and uPA in carcinoma tissues with lymph metastasis and without metastasis were 93.94%,100% and 65.96%,74.47%.Expression of Hpa and uPA in thyroid carcinoma group was significantly higher than that of benign thyroid nodules group( P<0.001) .The rate of positive expression in lymph metastatic tissues were significantly higher than those in tissue without metastasis( P<0.001) .Hpa and uPA expression in thyroid carcinoma tissues was positively correlated( r=0.437, P=0.021).Conclusion The expression of Hpa and uPA is closely related with the occurrence and metastasis of thyroid carcinoma.

Objective:To explore the effects of mechanical factors on the morphology of the growth plate and proximal femur development, in order to provide a mechanical basis for the mechanism of Cam lesions in femoral acetabular impingement (FAI).Methods:Using CT scan data of hip joint from adolescents, we constructed three-dimensional finite element models of normal and extended proximal femoral epiphyseal growth plates. Dynamic mechanics and position data from daily activities (walk, stand on one and two feet, go upstairs and downstairs, sit and stand up, squat and stand up) and basketball layup drills were collected from five healthy volunteers using the Vicon system. The mean values of femoral head mechanical loads and positions at peak values, movement onset, and termination were selected for finite element analysis to observe the distribution of equivalent stress, normal stress, and shear stress on the two growth plate models under different activity modes.Results:Successful construction of three-dimensional finite element models for normal and extended proximal femoral epiphyseal growth plates was achieved. Mechanical load values and spatial positions of the femoral head during daily activities and layup movements were obtained. In daily activities, peak equivalent stress values for normal and extended growth plates ranged from 1.6 to 11.0 MPa; compressive stress ranged from 1.7 to 12.0 MPa; tensile stress ranged from 0.5 to 10.0 MPa; and shear force ranged from 0.4 to 7.1 MPa. The compressive stress during walking, standing on one or both feet, going up and down stairs, sitting and standing, and squatting was concentrated in the central and lateral areas; tensile stress was concentrated in the central and medial areas; shear force was concentrated in the medial area and the anterior and posterior edges of the growth plate. During a layup, the compressive stress in the center, outer upper side, and medial edge of the growth plate of the normal model was notably concentrated, with peaks fluctuating between 5.5-19.0 MPa, 5.7-11.0 MPa, and 5.4-7.3 MPa respectively; tensile stress and shear force were concentrated at the inner and outer edges as well as in the central area, with peaks fluctuating between 3.0-24.0 MPa and 3.0-26.0 MPa respectively, these values were significantly different from those observed during daily activities. For the elongated growth plate, compressive stress was concentrated at the central and lateral edges with peaks fluctuating between 17.0-41.0 MPa and 17.0-38.0 MPa respectively; simulated shear stress and tensile stress showed significant concentration at peaks fluctuating between 4.9-34.0 MPa, also significantly different from those observed during daily activities.Conclusion:The difference in mechanical distribution between daily activities, basketball layup training, as well as between normal and extended growth plates may be the mechanical initiating factor in the development of extended growth plates and the formation of Cam lesions, it may be the mechanical initiating factor for the development of extended growth plates and the collision of Cam lesions in FAI.