Breast precancerous disease is a group of benign proliferative disorders which is correlated to breast cancer, the latter being the most common female cancer. The relative risk of developing breast cancer within 10-20 years after diagnosis is quite different among histological types of premalignant disease, varying from 1.5 to 10. Most of these diseases increase the rate of cancer in both breasts. While further researches on the relationship between breast premalignant disorders and breast cancer are going on, the diagnosis and management of these precancerous conditions seem to be more and more important for the prevention of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic changes in CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells and Foxp3 expression in peripheral blood and brain tissues of rats after acute cerebral ischemia and explore their role in the pathophysiological evolution of acute ischemic stroke.

METHODSForty-eight Wistar rats were randomized equally into ischemia and sham-operated groups, and right middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the former group. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells and Foxp3 expression, respectively, in the peripheral blood and brain tissue at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after modeling. The behavioral changes of the rats were evaluated using an improved NSS neurological functional scoring system.

RESULTSThe neurological function scores of the two groups both gradually declined after the operation, and showed significant differences between the two groups at all the time points of measurement (P<0.01). The CD4(+)CD25 T cells in the peripheral blood were similar between the two group at 1 and 3 days after the operation (P>0.05), but increased significantly in the ischemia group at 7 and 14 days (P<0.05) with an inverse correlation to the neurological scores (r=-0.68, P=0.01). Immunohistochemistry detected the presence of Foxp3 primarily in the ischemic region of the brain tissue 1 day after cerebral ischemia; the contralateral hemisphere also showed a small quantity of Foxp3 expression. No Foxp3 expression was detected in the brain tissue of the sham-operated group.

CONCLUSIONCD4(+)CD25 T regulatory cells participate in the inflammatory immune reactions as early as 1 day after acute cerebral ischemia in rats, which might be a protective mechanism of the brain cells.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; immunology ; metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; metabolism

In order to explore the expression of TRAIL in primary acute leukemic cells and the effect of chemotherapeutic drug on TRAIL expression in acute leukemic cells, the expression of TRAIL was assessed by flow cytometry on day 0, day 1, day 3 and day 5 in 16 patients with acute leukemia received chemotherapy. Meanwhile, the bone marrow mononuclear cells of acute leukemia patients were cultured in vitro with VP-16 and INFalpha-2a. Expression of TRAIL was analyszed by flow cytometry at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment. The results showed that the expression of TRAIL in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells was upregulated significantly from day 1 after chemotherapy (P < 0.05). In in vitro culture test, VP-16 upregulated the expression of TRAIL on acute leukemia bone marrow mononuclear cells (P < 0.05). Compared with VP-16 alone, the combination of VP-16 with IFNalpha-2a showed no synergic effects on the expression of TRAIL. It is concluded that the expression of TRAIL increases after chemotherapy in vivo and after treatment with VP-16 and IFN in vitro, which suggests that the apoptosis induced by TRAIL may play an important role in chemotherapy of leukemia.
Acute Disease ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Etoposide ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; pharmacology ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The aim of this study was to explore the expression of beta-catenin in acute leukemia bone marrow cells and its role in the development of acute leukemia. The expression of beta-catenin of bone marrow cells was detected by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry in 20 cases of newly diagnosed acute leukemia. Meanwhile the expression of the proliferating index Ki-67 was detected by immunocytochemistry. The results showed that the expression of beta-catenin and Ki-67 in acute leukemia bone marrow cells was significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The migration of beta-catenin from cytoplasm to nuclear was observed in acute leukemia bone marrow cells. There was a positive correlation between the expressions of beta-catenin and Ki-67 in all the cases and the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.845. In conclusion, the expression of beta-catenin was significantly high in acute leukemia bone marrow cells and showed a positive correlation with the cell proliferation. It suggests that beta-catenin may be involved in the development of acute leukemia through promoting the excessive proliferation of cells.
Acute Disease ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; beta Catenin ; analysis

OBJECTIVE To predict potential quality markers(Q-markers) in Yinhua Miyanling tablets based on fingerprinting and network pharmacology methods. METHODS HPLC fingerprints of 13 batches of Yinhua Miyanling tablets were established, and the similarity analysis was carried out using the "Chromatographic Fingerprint Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine" to identify the common peaks and attribute them. The fingerprints of Yinhua Miyanling tablets were investigated using chemometrics, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis in combination with SPSS 26.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software to identify the major signature components responsible for the differences. The network pharmacology was used to screen and analyze the targets and pathways of Yinhua Miyanling tablets, construct a "drug-component-target-pathway" network diagram, and predict the Q-Marker and core targets of Yinhua Miyanling tablets. RESULTS HPLC fingerprint of Yinhua Miyanling tablets was established, and 27 common peaks including chlorogenic acid, mangostin, wild baicalin, lignocerin and quercetin were identified. Chemical pattern recognition analysis screened five components as differential markers for Yinhua Miyanling tablets. Five active ingredients, 20 core targets and 20 key pathways were screened by network pharmacology, showing that all five active ingredients could be used as potential Q-Markers. CONCLUSION The method is stable, accurate and feasible for screening five chemical components as potential Q-Markers for Yinhua Miyanling tablets. It provides a reference for the overall control of the quality of Yinhua Miyanling tablets, and also lays the foundation for further research on the mechanism of action of Yinhua Miyanling tablets.