Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on liver function,plasma cytokine levels,and oxidative stress due to ischemia/reperfusion injury in patients undergoing hepatolobectomy.Methods A total of 106 patients who underwent hepatolobectomy in General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Co.,Ltd.from January 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 53 patients in each group.The patients in the observation group were given 1 μg/kg/h dexmedetomidine within 10 minutes,followed by continuous intravenous infusion of 0.5 μg/kg/h dexmedetomidine,and those in the control group were given an equal volume of 0.9％ sodium chloride.The two groups were compared in terms of liver function parameters,plasma cytokine levels,and oxidative stress due to ischemia/reperfusion injury after anesthesia (T1),before abdominal closure (T2),and at 1,4,and 8 hours after surgery (T3,T4,and T5,respectively).The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups;the t-test was used for comparison of indices between groups,the sphericity test was used for comparison of indices at different time points,and an analysis of variance was performed for repeated measurement data with P ＜ 0.05.Results The two groups had significantly higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels at T2,T3,T4,and T5 than at T1 (ALT:F =43.72 and 44.16,both P ＜ 0.001;AST:F =53.87 and 65.44,both P ＜ 0.001),and the observation group had significantly lower levels than the control group atT2,T3,T4,andT5 (ALT:t =20.54,22.01,36.68,and 38.15,all P＜0.001;AST:t =32.27,41.08,52.82,and71.89,all P ＜ 0.001).The two groups had significantly higher levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) at T3,T4,and T5 than at T1 (TNFα:F =54.37 and 24.75,both P ＜ 0.001;IL-8:F =47.24 and 27.39,both P ＜ 0.001),and the observationgroup had significantly lower levels than the control group at T3,T4,and T5 (TNFα:t =59.39,86.32,and 83.16,all P ＜ 0.001;IL-8:t =74.47,72.29,and 76.67,all P ＜ 0.001).The two groups had a significantly higher level of malondialdehyde at T3,T4,and T5 than at T1 (F =37.65 and 17.44,both P ＜0.001),and the observation group had a significantly lower level than the control group at T3,T4,and T5 (t =17.35,19.11,and 24.12,all P ＜ 0.001).The two groups had a significantly lower level of superoxide dismutase at T3,T4,and T5 than at T1 (F =36.54 and 33.65,both P ＜0.001),and the observation group had a significantly higher level than the control group at T3,T4,and T5 (t =68.64,66.35,and 59.48,all P ＜0.001).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can effectively inhibit liver injury,reduce the levels of cytokines,and alleviate ischemia/reperfusion injury in patients undergoing hepatectomy.

Teaching purpose, teaching content, experiment and examination forms etc. were discussed, and how to practice the teaching of the public selective course Nutriology of Traditional Chinese Medicine was pointed out. All these are invaluable experience for the development and progress of this course.

To explain the relation between diabetic vasculopathy and'Blood blocking collaterals and phlegm turbidness not being removed'proposed by Mr.ZHU Kan-yu.It is believed that the turbidness is the basic pathological product during the development of diabetes.Blood glucose remains high,which reflects the disorders of transportation and distribution of turbid yin and qi in the body.That is to say that the thick coreal nutrients in the vessels are unable to be distributed and absorbed but stay in the vessels as turbid pathologic factors.Blood stasis and phlegm is the further result of turbid pathologic factors.The TCM explanation of diabetic vasculopathy is that phlegm,turbidness,blood stasis block the meridians and collaterals.Those visible pathological factors deposit in vessels and cause narrow vessels and thick walls.Meanwhile the deposit stimulates,spreads,erodes and burns the walls and finally ruins the walls.

Objective To study the causes for dysphoria and discuss the medication methods of controlling the dysphoria in craniocerebral injury patients. Methods First, craniocerebral injury patients were grouped to analyze the causes for their dyshoria. Then, the patients were injected with Tramadol (1 mg/kg), Droperidol (0.05 mg/kg) and Midazolam (0.1 mg/kg). Successively, analgestic pump containing combined Tramadol that included Tramadol (15 mg/kg), Droperidol (0.15 mg/kg), Midazolam (0.4 mg/kg) and 100 ml 10 g/L Procaine was used for 50 hours, (1.5-2.5) ml/h, continuously. The medication time ranged from 40 hours to 160 hours. Results Of 71 patients with dysphoria, 43 patients with grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ dysphoria were under complete control, 19 with grade Ⅲ dysphoria (eight were injected with more load) under basic control, one with grade Ⅳ dysphoria under control and eight degraded to grade Ⅱ dysphoria but needed additional load. Of all, 63 patients were successfully controlled (89%) and eight (11%) got better, with effectiveness rate of 100%. Blood pressure, heart rate and breath remained clam, which was good for oxygen transferring to brain and reducing of encephalic pressure. Conclusions The causes for dysphoria in craniocerebral injury patients include stimulation of pain and acute psychopathic impediment. Continuous injection of Tramadol via analgesic pump is an ideal medication methhod for analgesia and sedation, for it can not only hold blood and medicament in invariableness, but also make the patients quiet, without bad reaction or affecting process of regaining consciousness.

Objective To explore the application and effects of bone lengthening growth diary in self management of patients after lower limb lengthening. Methods A total of 54 cases applying lower limb lengthening were divided into the experimental group (n=28) and the control group (n=26) with random digit table. The basic treatment was consistent, the control group was given routine guidance, the experi-mental group implemented self- management with bone lengthening growth diary. Self- recognition of disease was assessed and compared between the two groups 12 weeks after operation. Self- efficacy and self- manage ment were assessed and compared between the two groups 2 and 12 weeks after operation. Results The self- recognition of disease in the observation group was better than that of the control group, for patients with higher self- recognition degree (21 cases vs. 10 cases), χ2=8.64, P<0.05, the difference was significantly different. The total scores of self- efficacy and self- management in the observation group were higher than those of the control group,(48. 42±3.43) vs.(34.14±4.13),t=11.750, P<0.01;(55.35±2.69) vs.(42.15±3.67), t=15.130, P<0.01, the difference was significantly different. Conclusions Bone lengthening growth diary plays a beneficial role on self-management of patients with lower limb lengthening.

Objective To investigate the Camtrylobacterjejuni's risk factors which were associated with the development of Guillain-Barre syndrome( GBS), the galE gene of C. jejuni strains were sequenced and the sequencing results were compared with other C. jejuni strains. Methods Selecting three GBS-asso-ciated C.jejuni strains isolated from stools of GBS patients who had been diagnosed as AMAN pattern by clin-ical and electrophysiological test from Hebei province, China. After sequencing galE gene, the results were spliced and assembled into a complete sequence by the terminals overlapped each other. The sequences of galE gene were compared with the corresponding sequences in GenBank to find the mutation and constructed the phylogenetic tree. Results The variation frequency of galE sequences of GBS-associated C. jejuni were higher than that of non-GBS-associated C. jejuni. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that each of the three C. jejuni strains was separately genetically closed to three strains which sequences have published in GenBank. The alignment with the related sequence of NCTC11168 shows that there are 4 same mutations in the galE gene of the three C. jejuni strains. The phylogenic tree reflected the regional feature of C. jejuni. Conclusion The probability of sequence variation of galE of GBS-associated C.jejuni is significantly higher than non-GBS-associated C. jejuni strains, the relation between the variation and GBS-pathogenesis remains to be further confirmed. The mutations found in the three C. jejuni strains established the foundation for ex-ploring the biologically characteristic of GBS-associated C. jejuni strains.

Objective To analyze functioning and disability, unmet needs and the service for people with disabilities in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Methods Based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and World Report on Disabil-ity, the theoretical framework had been constructed, and the unmet needs and service status for people with disabilities in Shenzhen in 2015 had been statistically analyzed. Results For the statistics of disability by categories, physical disability composed of 42.5%, speech disability composed of 1.5%;people with severe and extremely severe disabilities composed of 52.8%;Futian District composed of 19.7%, Yantian District composed of 2.2%;people aged 0 to 18 years composed of 17.4%, and people aged over 60 years (27.0%) were the larger group. For the unmet needs of people with disabilities, 25%needed rehabilitation therapy, 18.8%needed functional training, 23.2%needed assis-tive devices, and 32.9%had no need. For rehabilitation sevice in Shenzhen, 24.4%received rehabilitation therapy, 17.4%received function-al training, 20.4%received assistive devices, and 37.6%did not receive any service. For the barrier-free reconstruction, 4.6%needed bath-room reconstruction, and 0.7%needed internet access screen software. Conclusion The status of functioning and disability, unmet needs and service development of rehabilitation in Shenzhen had been analyzed. There was still a gap between unmet needs and services of rehabilita-tion. It recommended to construct precise services delivery based on unmet needs, improve the full coverage and quality of service of reha-bilitation.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative rehabilitation approaches based on the concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for pelvic fractures.Methods:A prospective randomized control trial was conducted to include 114 emergency patients who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital for surgical treatment of pelvic fractures from June 2019 to December 2020. Of them, 57 were assigned into an intervention group according to a random digits table. They were 42 males and 15 females, aged from 18 to 77 years and subjected to management of pelvic fractures with tentative perioperative ERAS approaches which were adjusted at different stages. The other random 57 patients were assigned into a control group. They were 40 males and 17 females, aged from 17 to 70 years and subjected to management of pelvic fractures with conventional rehabilitation approaches which included postoperative in-hospital consultation and guidance by rehabilitation physicians. The 2 groups were compared in terms of Majeed pelvis scores and Barthel indexes at postoperative 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks, and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores and SF36 scores at postoperative 12 and 24 weeks.Results:A total of 105 patients (55 in the intervention group and 50 in the control group) were completely followed up for 151 to 254 d (mean, 177 d). The 2 groups were comparable due to no significant difference between them in the preoperative general data ( P>0.05). The Majeed scores (44±13, 67±16, 86±14 and 98±7) and Barthel indexes (57±13, 79±16, 95±8 and 100±2) at postoperative 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(35±16, 51±16, 73±14 and 91±12) and (45±19, 67±18, 86±12 and 98±4)] (all P<0.05). At postoperative 12 and 24 weeks, the SF-36 scores (129±15 and 141±6) in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (114±15 and 131±12) ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the pain degree between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:In management of pelvic fractures, compared with conventional perioperative rehabilitation approaches, the perioperative ERAS rehabilitation approaches may improve early functional outcomes and thus help the patients restore their activities of daily living earlier.

Objective:To employ qualitative research methods to evaluate the sustainability of the Shandong-Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) interventions and their influencing factors.Method:In September 2023, interviewees meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited through purposive sampling in Jinan, Shandong Province. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the CFIR and RE-AIM frameworks. Personal in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to gather insights on the feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability of the project interventions from various stakeholders, including representatives from the government, food manufacturers, restaurants, academia, and residents.Results:A total of 15 individuals participated in in-depth interviews, involving six representatives from food manufacturers, four from restaurants, three from the government, and two from academia. There were four focus group discussions with 30 residents. The study found that at the individual resident level, health awareness and the availability of sodium reduction tools in the market could affect their salt reduction practices. For food manufacturers and restaurants, consumers′ preferences, technical challenges in reformulation, and government support were key factors determining the smooth progress of their salt reduction efforts. At the governmental level, multi-sectional coordination, chronic disease management demonstration areas, and the impact of the pandemic were the main factors influencing the implementation of sodium reduction interventions.Conclusion:Future endeavours should strengthen long-term management and optimise the complex influencing factors associated with intervention measures. This will be essential in sustaining and expanding the positive health outcomes achieved through the Shandong population sodium reduction strategy.

Objective:To employ qualitative research methods to evaluate the sustainability of the Shandong-Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) interventions and their influencing factors.Method:In September 2023, interviewees meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited through purposive sampling in Jinan, Shandong Province. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the CFIR and RE-AIM frameworks. Personal in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to gather insights on the feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability of the project interventions from various stakeholders, including representatives from the government, food manufacturers, restaurants, academia, and residents.Results:A total of 15 individuals participated in in-depth interviews, involving six representatives from food manufacturers, four from restaurants, three from the government, and two from academia. There were four focus group discussions with 30 residents. The study found that at the individual resident level, health awareness and the availability of sodium reduction tools in the market could affect their salt reduction practices. For food manufacturers and restaurants, consumers′ preferences, technical challenges in reformulation, and government support were key factors determining the smooth progress of their salt reduction efforts. At the governmental level, multi-sectional coordination, chronic disease management demonstration areas, and the impact of the pandemic were the main factors influencing the implementation of sodium reduction interventions.Conclusion:Future endeavours should strengthen long-term management and optimise the complex influencing factors associated with intervention measures. This will be essential in sustaining and expanding the positive health outcomes achieved through the Shandong population sodium reduction strategy.