Objective To investigate the difficulties in posterior approach lumbar microendoscopic discectomy (MED). Methods We retrospectively analyzed records of 42 cases of lumbar disc protrusion (totally 45 interspaces) treated by MED from February 2002 to October 2003. Results Conversion to open surgery was required in 3 cases.No intra- or post- operative complications were seen.Follow-up survey for 2 ～ 22 months (mean,8 months) found the "good" or "excellent" results in 95 2% of the patients (40/42).Surgical difficulties were mainly classified into two aspects: technical and etiological,including 8 cases of failure of collimation between the passage and the interspace,5 cases of excessive bleeding disturbing the operation,3 cases of incomplete surgical apparatus,2 cases of incorrect passage localization,2 cases of hyperplasia in tiny joints,1 case of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament,1 case of nerve root edema,1 case of accretion,and 1 case of laceration,respectively. Conclusions Treatment of lumbar disc protrusion with MED gives satisfactory efficacy.Proper selection of patients and careful performance during surgery are essential to a successful procedure.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate ( MgIG) in the treatment of patients with liver damage after closed abdominal trauma. Methods:Totally 84 cases of patients with closed abdominal trauma were randomly divided into the observation group (n=42) and the control group (n=42) according to the random number table. The control group was given the conventional treatment, while the observation group was treated with MgIG additionally. The treatment course was 14d. The clinical efficacy and the level changes of albumin, prealbumin, TBiL, AST and ALT before and after the treatment in the two groups were stud-ied and compared, and the adverse reactions during the treatment course were also compared between the groups. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group (90. 48%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(69. 05%, P<0. 05). After the treatment, the plasma albumin and prealbumin levels in both groups were significantly increased (P<0. 05), and those in the ob-servation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The serum TBiL, AST and ALT levels in both groups were significantly decreased after the treatment (P<0. 05), and those in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05). There was no serious adverse reaction during the treatment course in both groups. Conclusion:MgIG in the treatment of liver damage after closed abdominal trauma shows notable effect, which can improve liver function obviously with high safety and reliability.

BACKGROUND:The severity of tissue injury varies with the causes of the amputated finger. Simple soft tissue, vessels or nerves injury could be easily repaired by adjacent finger flap or abdominal flaps. However, these treatments are short of long repair time, reoperation and unsatisfactory appearance of the finger. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficiency of Flow-through flap from the fibular side of great toe to repair skin and soft tissue defects in digital replantation. METHODS:From January 2011 to October 2013, Flow-through flap from the fibular side of great toe was applied to repair soft tissue injury in digital replantation for 11 cases (8 males and 3 females, age ranged from 23 to 42 years. Skin defects ranged from 2.0 cm ×1.5 cm to 4.0 cm×2.2 cm; vascular defect ranged from 1-3 cm, 1.5 cm averagely; and the flap size ranged from 2.2 cm×1.7 cm to 4.5 cm×2.5 cm. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The folow-up time of al patients was 6-18 months. Digital replantation was successful in al the 11 cases. Ten cases were healed by first intention, and one case was gradualy rescued after dressing change. Patients were satisfied with the flap and the peripheral sensation. The peripheral discrimination of patients was 4 to 10 mm. The fingers functioned wel in flexion and extension. Of the 11 cases, 9 cases were valued excelent and 2 cases was rated as good, according to the upper extremity function evaluation standard of the Hand Surgey Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Flow-through flap from the fibular side of great toe is an ideal method to repair skin soft tissue and vascular defects in digital replantation.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of epidural hematoma in children. Methods A total of 120 children with epidural hematomas within recent three years were reviewed. Results The main cause of injury in infants and preschool children was falling or sliping, but traffic accident was the predominant cause in children over seven years old. About 65.8% children were complicated by skull fractures, with average Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13.6. Except for acute hematoma treated with emergency surgical operation, the other hematoma was rechecked with CT scan at days 1 and 3 or so after it was found for the first time. Patients receiving operation accounted for 57.5% and those with hematoma due to diploe bleeding for 43.9%. Conclusions The primary cerebral injury is not severe relatively in children with epidural hematoma, in which the incidence of skull fracture is lower than that in adults. The main cause for hematoma formation is diploe bleeding. Sound prognosis can be obtained through recheck of CT scan and suitable therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of air-conducted ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential(oVEMP) in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL). So as to understanding the range and the degree of the vestibular system damage in patients with SSHL. METHOD: Thirty-five cases of unilateral SSHL were enrolled as the observing group from December in 2013 to December in 2014. 500 Hz air-conducted tone burst was employed as stimulation. Fifity-five healthy young subjects were recruited as the control group. The results were compared between the affected ears, the contralateral ears and the normal controls. RESULT: Thirty-five patients with SSHL, 31 of them in both ears lead to oVEMP Waveform, 4 sick ears did not elicit oVEMP waveform, extraction rate of 88%. 95 dBHL air-conducted get the latencies of P1 and N1, P1-N1 interval, peak-to-peak P1-N1 amplitude in healthy ear were (11.92 ± 0.85)ms; (17.07 ± 1.04)ms, (5.15 ± 0.69)ms, (5.44 ± 2.53) µv. 95 dBHL air-conducted get the latencies of P1 and N1, P1-N1 interval, peak-to-peak P1-N1 amplitude in sick ear were (12.16 ± 0.76) ms; (16.94 ± 2.57)ms, (5.16 ± 0.73)ms, (2.89 ± 1.66) v. The 55 cases (110 ears) were elicited P1-N1 complex typical, extraction rate was 100%. The threshold of oVEMP examination was (82.23 ± 2.92) dBHL, 95 dBHL air-conducted get the latencies of P1 and N1, P1-N1 interval, peak-to-peak P1-N1 amplitude in these healthy young people were (11.53 ± 0.80)ms, (16.61 ± 0.87) ms, (5.18 ± 1.04) ms, (5.96 ± 2.59) µv, there were no significant differences between the affected ears, the contralateral ears and the normal controls in the latencies P1 and N1, P1-N1 interval. The wave amplitude in SSHL were lower than the healthy ear and the healthy control group. CONCLUSION Through the detection of oVEMP in patients with SSHL,we observed that P1-N1 wave amplitude decreased, and it may be related to the damage of the utricle and vestibular nerve.
Case-Control Studies ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Saccule and Utricle ; pathology ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ; Vestibular Nerve ; pathology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the hemodynamic changes of contralateral vertebral arteries with transcranial Doppler (TCD)in patients with subclavian artery steal syndrome. Methods Forty-five outpatients or inpatients with subclavian artery stenosis or occlusion confirmed by TCD and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI)and treated at Baoan District Center Hospital of Shenzhen from March 2012 to April 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the TCD detection,the degrees of intracranial arterial steal were divided into 4 groups:non-blood steal (n=8 ),blood steal phase Ⅰ(n=21 ),phase Ⅱ(n=11 ), and phase Ⅲ(n =5 );45 healthy subjects from Baoan District Central Hospital were used as a control group. The contralateral vertebral artery hemodynamic indexes of each blood steal group were detected respectively,and they were compared with the control group. Results Of the patients without blood steal,6 patients had mild subclavian artery stenosis,2 had moderate stenosis;of the patients with phase I blood steal,12 had mild subclavian artery stenosis,9 had moderate stenosis;of the patients with phaseⅡblood steal,3 had moderate subclavian artery stenosis,7 had severe stenosis,and 1 had occlusion;of the patients with phase Ⅲ blood steal,3 had severe subclavian artery stenosis,2 had occlusion. The degree of blood steal was positively correlated with the lesion degree of subclavian artery stenosis (r=0. 78, P<0. 05). TCD findings revealed that the contralateral vertebral artery systolic blood flow velocities in patients with phase Ⅰ,Ⅱ,andⅢsteal groups were 70 ± 23,85 ± 30,and 104 ± 32 cm/s,respectively;their mean flow velocities were 39 ± 10,46 ± 16,and 54 ± 17 cm/s,respectively;their pulsatility indexes were 1. 17 ± 0. 20,1. 27 ± 0. 31,and 1. 43 ± 0. 36,respectively,and they were all significantly higher than 49 ± 9,34 ± 7,and 0. 66 ± 0. 08 cm/s of the control group (all P<0. 01),and 50 ± 11,34 ± 10,and0.68±0.12cm/s of the non-blood steal group (all P<0.01),and there were significant differences among the steal blood groups in each phase (all P <0. 01 ). Conclusion Detecting the hemodynamic indexes of contralateral vertebral arteries using TCD can preliminaryly assess the subclavian artery lesions and their steal degree.

AIM: To construct human GPI-B7-1 fusion protein and investigate the therapeutic potentials in the treatment of tumors. METHODS: The chimeric GPI anchored-B7-1 gene was obtained by overlap PCR and inserted into expressing vector pcDNA3.1, named pc3.1/GPI-B7-1. pc3.1/GPI-B7-1was transfected into CHO cells by lipofectamine ~2 000 reagent. The CHO cells, expressing GPI-B7-1 on membranes, were obtained after selecting by G418. That was confirmed by flow cytometry, SDS-PAGE and Western blot. RESULTS: Recombinant vector pc3.1/GPI-B7-1 was successfully constructed and sequence result indicated that it was identical with reference sequence. The protein on transfected CHO cell membrane selected by G418 was confirmed to be GPI-anchored protein by flow cytometry, and GPI-B7-1 approximately 60 kD was conformed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. CONCLUSION: A large amount of GPI-B7-1 fusion protein was obtained and will be further studied in the treatment of tumors.2? [

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein(a) [Apo(a)] plays some role in promoting the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, and contains pentanucleotide repeats(PNR), which has a key value in genic research and in forecast on the increased risk of early atherosclerosis cerebral infarction (ACI). But the relationship between ACI and Apo(a) PNR in different races needs to be further investigated.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the Apo(a) PNR polymorphism and ACI.DESIGN: A case-control study based on the ACI patients and normal people of Han nationality in Hubei.SETTING: Department of Laboratory in a hospital of a university.PARTICIPANTS: From February 1998 to March 1999, 82 ACI patients (ACI group) and 153 healthy controls(control group) were selected from the Department of Neurology, Central South Hospital and Yatai Hospital of Wuhan University. All patients were Han nationality in Hubei without any relatives.METHODS: Serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a) ], total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A Ⅰ (ApoA Ⅰ) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were tested respectively. Meanwhile, the PNR in the 5' control region of the Apo(a) was detected with polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and high voltage polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis. The results were analyzed with controlled analysis.RESULTS: The levels of serum Lp(a) [ (239.9 ±225.4) mg/L], TC [(4.76±0.74) nmol/L], TG[(1.74±0.60) mmol/L] and LDL-C [ (2.84 ± 0. 63) mmol/L] were remarkably higher in ACI group than those in control group, which were(133.5 ±97.7) mg/L in serum Lp(a), (4. 29±0.72) mmol/L in TC, (1.05±0.52) mmol/L in TG and(2.84±0.63) mmol/L in LDL-C, however, the level of HDL-C[ (0.88± 0.17) mmol/L] was remarkably lower in ACI group than that in control group [ ( 1.03 ± 0. 35 ) mmol/L], the differences were all significant( t = 3.65to9.18, P ＜ 0.01) . The levels of ApoA Ⅰ [(1.13±0.15) mmol/L,(1.25±0.19) mmol/L] and ApoB[(0.93±0.12) mmol/L, (0.89± 0. 15 ) mmol/L] were no significant difference compared with those in control group. The duplicated frequency of the allele(TTTTA) 5(0. 098) in the ACI was remarkably higher than that in control(0. 026) (x2 = 5.62, P＜ 0. 05), The frequency of the allele(TTTTA) 9 in the ACI(0. 073) was remarkably lower than that in control (0. 213 ) (x2 = 7.83, P ＜ 0.01 ), The frequency of the allele(TTTTA) 5 was also associated with low TC and high Lp(a) levels.CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the Apo(a) PNR polymorphism are associated with the susceptibility to ACI, and involved in the development of ACI.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the intubation reaction during intratracheal intubation in the patients in the emergency department .Methods Fifty adult patients needing emergent tracheal intubation in the emergency de-partment of this hospital were divided into the dexmedetomidine group and the middazolam group ,25 cases in each group .The dexmedetomidine group was given dexmedetomidine(1 μg/kg) before tracheal intubation and the midazolam group was given mid-azolam(0 .1 mg/kg) before tracheal intubation .Results BP and HR during tracheal intubation ,at 1 ,3 min after tracheal intubation in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly decreased compared with the midazolam group (P<0 .05);SpO2 at 1 min before tracheal intubation and during tracheal intubation in the dexmedetomidine group had no statistical difference compared with before drug administration(P>0 .05);SpO2 at 1 min before tracheal intubation and during tracheal intubation in the middazolam group was decreased ,which showed the statistical difference compared with before drug administration (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Dexme-detomidine is more effective than midazolam in alleviating cardiovascular responses during intratracheal intubation ,moreover has no influence on the patient′s respiratory function .

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of dilated intercellular space detected by light microscope for non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive esophagitis (RE). Methods A total of 104 subjects were divided into normal control group (n = 20), NERD group (n = 30) and RE group (n = 54).Biopsies were taken at 2-3 cm above the dentate line and were examined by light microscope to calculate the intercellular space and compared between different groups. Results The mean values of intercellular space in RE ( 1.40 ±0. 17 μm) and NERD ( 1.11 ± 0. 14 μm) were significantly higher than that in control group (0.66±0. 18 μm, x2 = 154. 170, P =0.000). But no significant difference was noted between RE and NERD groups ( t = 0. 044, P = 0. 834). The cut-off value of mean intercellular space with light microscope was 0. 89 μm, with sensitivity and specificity at 95.2% and 95.0%, respectively. Conclusion Dilated intercellular space under light microscope can be a sensitive, specific and objective indicator of NERD.